Recent evidences showed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are frequently dysregulated and play important roles in various cancers. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the leading cause ...of cancer-related death, largely due to the metastasis of ccRCC. However, the clinical significances and roles of lncRNAs in metastatic ccRCC are still unknown.
lncRNA expression microarray analysis was performed to search the dysregulated lncRNA in metastatic ccRCC. quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of lncRNAs in human ccRCC samples. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the biological roles of lncRNAs on ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and in vivo metastasis. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and western blot were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of lncRNAs.
The microarray analysis identified a novel lncRNA termed metastatic renal cell carcinoma-associated transcript 1 (MRCCAT1), which is highly expressed in metastatic ccRCC tissues and associated with the metastatic properties of ccRCC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that MRCCAT1 is an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC patients. Overexpression of MRCCAT1 promotes ccRCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion. Depletion of MRCCAT1 inhibites ccRCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and ccRCC metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, MRCCAT1 represses NPR3 transcription by recruiting PRC2 to NPR3 promoter, and subsequently activates p38-MAPK signaling pathway.
MRCCAT1 is a critical lncRNA that promotes ccRCC metastasis via inhibiting NPR3 and activating p38-MAPK signaling. Our results imply that MRCCAT1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The combination of achiral Cp*Rh(III) with chiral carboxylic acids (CCAs) represents an efficient catalytic system in transition metal‐catalyzed enantioselective C−H activation. However, this hybrid ...catalysis is limited to redox‐neutral C−H activation reactions and the adopt to oxidative enantioselective C−H activation remains elusive and pose a significant challenge. Herein, we describe the development of an electrochemical Cp*Rh(III)‐catalyzed enantioselective C−H annulation of sulfoximines with alkynes enabled by chiral carboxylic acid (CCA) in an operationally friendly undivided cell at room temperature. A broad range of enantioenriched 1,2‐benzothiazines are obtained in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % yield and 98 : 2 er). The practicality of this method is demonstrated by scale‐up reaction in a batch reactor with external circulation. A crucial chiral Cp*Rh(III) intermediate is isolated, characterized, and transformed, providing rational support for a Rh(III)/Rh(I) electrocatalytic cycle.
An electrooxidative rhodium(III)/chiral carboxylic acid‐catalyzed enantioselective C−H annulation of sulfoximines with alkynes, is described. A broad range of enantioenriched 1,2‐benzothiazines are obtained in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. A crucial chiral Cp*Rh(III) intermediate is isolated, characterized, and transformed, providing rational support for a Rh(III)/Rh(I) electrocatalytic cycle.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Terpenoids are an important class of secondary metabolites that play an important role in food, agriculture, and other fields. Microorganisms are rapidly emerging as a promising source for the ...production of terpenoids. As an oleaginous yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica contains a high lipid content which indicates that it must produce high amounts of acetyl-CoA, a necessary precursor for the biosynthesis of terpenoids. Y. lipolytica has a complete eukaryotic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway but it has not yet seen commercial use due to its low productivity. Several metabolic engineering strategies have been developed to improve the terpenoids production of Y. lipolytica, including developing the orthogonal pathway for terpenoid synthesis, increasing the catalytic efficiency of terpenoids synthases, enhancing the supply of acetyl-CoA and NADPH, expressing rate-limiting genes, and modifying the branched pathway. Moreover, most of the acetyl-CoA is used to produce lipid, so it is an effective strategy to strike a balance of precursor distribution by rewiring the lipid biosynthesis pathway. Lastly, the latest developed non-homologous end-joining strategy for improving terpenoid production is introduced. This review summarizes the status and metabolic engineering strategies of terpenoids biosynthesis in Y. lipolytica and proposes new insights to move the field forward.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Organic crystal materials with metal-free feature and intrinsically low molecular mass are highly desirable for applications in flexible smart devices. Here, we reported a plastic crystal, ...tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane perchlorate (Tris-HClO
4
), which crystallizes in the
R
3&cmb.macr; space group at room temperature and undergoes plastic phase transition at 369 K, showing a large entropy gain of 70.5 J mol
−1
K
−1
, much higher than its fusion entropy gain (12.9 J mol
−1
K
−1
). PXRD measurement indicates that it has cubic lattice symmetry in the high-temperature phase. Moreover, it exhibits excellent dielectric permittivity switching properties and robust cyclic stability. This work could be the pathway for chemical designing multifunctional switchable materials with the motive of combining the idea of symmetry breaking and plastic phase transition.
The plastic crystal Tris-HClO
4
shows excellent dielectric permittivity switching properties, paving the way for research on the versatile switchable materials.
-Stereogenic phosphorus compounds are important structural elements in chiral ligands or organocatalysts. Herein, we report a Pd(II)-catalyzed enantioselective C-H olefination toward the synthesis of
...-stereogenic phosphinamides using cheap commercially available L-
Glu-OH as a chiral ligand. A broad range of
-stereogenic phosphinamides were gained in good yields with high enantioselectivities (33 examples, up to 77% yield, 99% ee)
desymmetrization and kinetic resolution.
Superconductors with kagome lattices have been identified for over 40 years, with a superconducting transition temperature Tc up to 7 K. Recently, certain kagome superconductors have been found to ...exhibit an exotic charge order, which intertwines with superconductivity and persists to a temperature being one order of magnitude higher than Tc. In this work, we use scanning tunneling microscopy to study the charge order in kagome superconductor Rb V3 Sb5. We observe both a 2×2 chiral charge order and nematic surface superlattices (predominantly 1×4). We find that the 2×2 charge order exhibits intrinsic chirality with magnetic field tunability. Defects can scatter electrons to introduce standing waves, which couple with the charge order to cause extrinsic effects. While the chiral charge order resembles that discovered in KV3 Sb5, it further interacts with the nematic surface superlattices that are absent in KV3 Sb5 but exist in Cs V3 Sb5.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
Grain boundary engineering (GBE) can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of materials, but the traditional thermal-mechanical process still exhibits some limitations. In the present work, a ...novel surface spinning strengthening (3 S) technology followed by heat treatment was applied to modify the microstructure near the surface (∼ 400 μm) of a high-N Ni-free austenitic stainless steel. Under an optimal condition of annealing at 1323 K for 60 min after 3 S, the fraction of special boundaries mainly involving Σ3 boundaries in GBE layer was significantly improved from 48.3 % to 69.1 %, thus achieving excellent resistances to intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.
•Surface spinning strengthening technology followed by heat treatment was proposed forward as an effective surface GBE process.•Surface GBE markedly improves corrosion resistance while remaining mechanical strength.•Surface GBE introduces a high fraction of Σ3n boundaries in surface layer and diminishes random high-angle GB connectivity.•Σ3 boundaries greatly hinder the propagation of corrosion cracks along GBs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
P-Stereogenic phosphinamides represent important structural elements in chiral organocatalysts and bioactive compounds. Herein, we report Pd(II)-catalyzed enantioselective C–H alkynylation using ...cheap commercially available l-pyroglutamic acid as a chiral ligand. A range of structurally diverse P-stereogenic phosphinamides was prepared in good yields with high enantioselectivities via desymmetrization and kinetic resolution. A tailor-made congested directing group, N-ethyl-N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)amino, was crucial for the reactivity.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
To evaluate outcomes between extraperitoneal robotic single-port radical prostatectomy (epR-spRP) and extraperitoneal robotic multiport radical prostatectomy (epR-mpRP) performed with the da Vinci Si ...Surgical System, comparison was performed between 30 single-port (SP group) and 26 multiport (MP group) cases. Comparisons included operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), hospital stay, peritoneal violation, pain scores, scar satisfaction, continence, and erectile function. The median operation time and EBL were not different between the two groups. In the SP group, the median operation time of the first 10 patients was obviously longer than that of the latter 20 patients (P < 0.001). The median postoperative hospital stay in the SP group was shorter than that in the MP group (P < 0.001). The rate of peritoneal damage in the SP group was less than that in the MP group (P = 0.017). The pain score and overall need for pain medications in the SP group were lower than those in the MP group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). Patients in the SP group were more satisfied with their scars than those in the MP group 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.007). At 3 months, the cancer control, recovery of erectile function, and urinary continence rates were similar between the two groups. It is safe and feasible to perform epR-spRP using the da Vinci Si surgical system. Therefore, epR-spRP can be a treatment option for localized prostate cancer. Although epR-spRP still has a learning curve, it has advantages for postoperative pain and self-assessed cosmesis. In the absence of the single-port robotic surgery platform, we can still provide minimally invasive surgery for patients.
The deployment of IoT devices with significant data collection capabilities around the world raises concerns about user privacy. People are worried about ubiquitous IoT devices collecting and sharing ...their data with unknown parties without their awareness or consent. Currently, several governmental agencies have stated that IoT service providers should obtain user consent before collecting and using their personal data. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no standard means for users to reach agreements on privacy practices for IoT applications. Among different types of IoT applications, this paper focuses on the scenario in which people use their personal smartphones to access nearby IoT devices via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). To address the privacy issue in the scenario, this paper proposes a privacy preferences expression framework for BLE-based applications named PrivacyBat. The framework defines specifications for users to achieve agreements on privacy practices with nearby BLE devices. In addition, this framework provides guidelines for a device to process user requests according to the agreement. To demonstrate how the framework operates, this paper further provides a proof of concept implementation. As the proposed framework can improve the privacy policy agreement process in IoT applications, this paper can hopefully contribute to increasing user trust in IoT applications.
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