Purpose
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary metastases.
Patients and methods
Between ...April 2007 and March 2011, 87 patients underwent SBRT for pulmonary metastases using the in-house Air-Bag System
TM
to obtain the four-dimensional image for treatment planning and to reduce intrafractional intrathoracic organ motion with abdominal compression to reduce the risk of radiation pneumonitis. Survival and respiratory adverse events were analyzed.
Results
The 2- and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 47 and 32 %, and the corresponding cause-specific survivals were 52 and 36 %. The 2- and 3-year OS rates were 57 and 49 % for patients in group 1, respectively, while the corresponding OS rates were 48 and 21 %, and 40 and 32 % for patients in groups 2 and 3, respectively. The 2- and 3-year local control (LC) rates were 80 and 80 %, respectively. The corresponding intrathoracic progression-free survival rates were 40 and 32 %, respectively. Concerning adverse respiratory events after SBRT for pulmonary metastases, 14 % were grade 0 (G0), 66 % G1, 13 % G2, 6 % G3, and 1 % G4. Concerning the adverse respiratory events (NCI-CTC) by grade scale, 1- and 2-year cumulative probabilities of radiation pneumonitis were 12 and 20 % for G2 and 4 and 10 % for G3/4, respectively. The mean values for cumulative V20 were 11.6 ± 8.5 %, 29.8 ± 18.6 %, and 25.7 ± 12.8 % in G0/1, G2, and G3/4, respectively. The number of pulmonary metastases that could be safely treated with SBRT was 6 PTVs (or seven gross tumor volumes) within a cumulative V20 of 30 % under the restricted intrafractional respiratory tumor motion using the Air-Bag System
TM
.
Conclusion
We propose that the number of pulmonary metastases that can be safely treated with SBRT is 6 PTVs with a cumulative V20 of 30 % under the restricted respiratory tumor motion using the Air-Bag System
TM
. SBRT for pulmonary metastases offers locally effective treatment for recurrent or residual lesions after first line chemotherapy.
Full text
Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
Contents
The objective was to study the use of ultrasound as a complementary test in the breeding soundness evaluation in male pigs and study the pattern of echogenicity of the testicular parenchyma ...in boars of different racial groups. Twenty‐six adult boars from four different racial groups were used, 10 from the Piau breed (group 1), four from the commercial and finishing group (group 2), six Pietrain breed (group 3) and six from the Duroc breed (group 4). All animals were evaluated for breeding soundness evaluation and the ultrasound examination of the testicles. The groups of animals that were evaluated showed no difference in the main semen parameters that were evaluated, except for the sperm volume, concentration of the ejaculated sperm and the supravital staining; the lowest figures were for the animals from the Piau breed (group 1). In relation to the testicular biometrics, Duroc animals (group 4) had a greater scrotal width compared to the other groups. But when we assessed the intensity of pixels of the testicles, there was a difference between groups. The groups 2 (finishing animals), 3 (Pietrain) and 4 had no difference between themselves. Group 3 had greater pixel intensity in relation to group 1. Of the 26 animals studied, five showed an abnormality during ultrasound evaluation, like hydrocele, hyperechoic mass in the testicular parenchyma, cyst in the head of the epididymis and the presence of fluid in the head and tail of the epididymis. The various animal groups studied did not differ in the principal reproductive parameters evaluated, showing that despite the great variability of reproductive traits between breeds and within the same breed, the breeding soundness evaluation, the more complete it is, is essential for the selection of breeders and the ultrasonography of the reproductive system becomes an important addition in this examination.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract Introduction The drugs and protocols used for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) vary among institutions. Here we show the efficacy of the 3-drug combination of mitomycin C ...(MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5FU), and oxaliplatin (OHP) in an in vitro simulation of HIPEC and the safety of HIPEC with these drugs during a Phase I study of patients at high risk of developing colorectal peritoneal metastasis. Methods To simulate HIPEC, we used HCT116 and WiDr cells to assess the growth inhibitory efficacy of MMC 2 μg/mL, 5FU 200 μg/mL, and OHP 40 μg/mL as single drugs or their combination after an exposure time of 30 min at 37 or 42 °C. In addition, nine patients underwent surgical resection of tumors and HIPEC with MMC, 5FU, and an escalating dose of OHP (90/110/130 mg/m2 ). Dose-limiting toxicity was monitored. Results In the simulation, the 3-drug combination showed marked tumor-suppressive effects compared with those from ten times higher dose of OHP 400 μg/mL, with significant augmentation under hyperthermic conditions. No dose-limiting toxicity occurred in the clinical study. Dose escalation was completed at the final level of OHP. Conclusions The MMC–5FU–OHP combination showed marked growth inhibition against colorectal cancer cells under hyperthermic conditions in vitro . In the phase I study, the recommended dose of OHP was determined as 130 mg/m2 when used with MMC and 5FU; HIPEC using MMC–5FU–OHP appears to be safe and feasible for patients at high risk of colorectal peritoneal metastasis.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
This study aimed to assess the effects of different cooling curves and centrifugation regimes used in cryopreservation protocols on the post‐thaw viability of Piau‐breed wild boar (Sus scrofa) sperm ...using in vitro assessment tests. Two centrifugations (800 g for 10 min and 2400 g for 3 min) and two cooling curves (conventional cooling using nitrogen vapour – freezing 1 and automated cooling using a programmed freezing machine – freezing 2) were tested. Therefore, the treatments were divided into M3 – centrifugation at 2400 g for 3 min and freezing 2; M10 – centrifugation at 800 g for 10 min and freezing 2; R3 – centrifugation at 2400 g for 3 min and freezing 1; and R10 – centrifugation at 800 g for 10 min and freezing 1. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between treatments occurred post‐thawing regarding the total sperm motility means recorded. The mean values of the different treatments were not different from each other regarding the supravital staining (SV), hypo‐osmotic test (HO), sperm–egg binding assay or sperm morphology. This study showed that both the cooling curve and the centrifugation regime affected the quality of post‐thaw sperm, and centrifugation for shorter times and cooling curves using automated cooling are the most suitable for minimizing sperm injury.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cyclodextrin-loaded cholesterol conjugates addition to freezing extenders on plasma membrane viability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa of the ...Piau swine breed. Twenty semen samples were used from five males. The freezing extender was based on lactose-egg yolk extender, added to 2% glycerol, 3% dimethylacetamide. The addition of cyclodextrin-loaded cholesterol conjugates was performed after centrifugation, when semen was diluted with the cooling extender. Four groups were subjected to the following treatment: without addition (group 1); 1.5 mg of cyclodextrin-loaded cholesterol/120 × 106 sperm (group 2); 1.5 mg of cyclodextrin-loaded cholestanol/120 × 106 sperm (group 3); 1.5 mg of cyclodextrin-loaded desmosterol/120 × 106 sperm (group 4). To check post-thawing sperm quality sperm motility and sperm morphology evaluation were used. Additionally, to check sperm viability the hypoosmotic swelling test, supravital staining, and fluorescent assay were used. The mean values recorded for total sperm motility of semen immediately after thawing were 54.5 ± 5.8, 55.5 ± 5.3, 53.7 ± 6.7, and 52.5 ± 6.6% respectively for groups one to four, without difference between themselves (p > 0.05). Regarding fluorescent assay the results were 28.3 ± 13.2, 26.9 ± 12.2, 22.2 ± 11.4, and 32.0 ± 15.3% respectively for groups one to four, also without difference between groups (p > 0,05). Similarly, complementary tests for evaluating the integrity and functionality of the plasma membrane showed no difference between treatments (p > 0.05). In conclusion, use of cyclodextrin-loaded cholesterol conjugates added to the plasma membrane of sperm did not demonstrate any additive effect on increasing and/or maintaining sperm motility.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Purpose: Although four‐dimensional CT (4DCT) is valuable for evaluating the respiratory motion and internal target volume (ITV) for liver stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), 4DCT cannot consider ...the respiratory variation. Here, we developed a novel technique to evaluate the potential ITV with consideration of respiratory variation using cine‐magnetic resonance imaging (cine‐MRI). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 6 patients who received liver SBRT in 2012. The planning CT (pCT) was acquired with free breathing, and then 4D‐CT and cine‐MRI images were also acquired with the same set‐up condition. The respiratory signal was derived from the peak of the diaphragm on cine‐MRI frames. The motion vectors of 500 feature points in consecutive two frames were calculated using pyramidal implementation of the Lucas‐Kanade optical flow algorithm. The contour of tumor, blood vessel near tumor, or liver was delineated on one frame and the corner points of the contour were shifted onto the other frames using the motion vectors and then the tumor trajectory was calculated. On pCT images, gross tumor volumes delineated on the inspiration and expiration phases of 4D‐CT were three‐dimensionally translated using the tumor trajectory calculated with sagittal and coronal cine‐MRI. The distribution of the existence probability of the tumor was evaluated. Results: The concordance between ITV determined with 4D‐CT and potential ITV were evaluated with Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). When the voxels with the existence probability higher than cut‐off values were considered as potential ITV, the maximum DSC for each patient was 0.88 (range 0.84% to 0.93) and the cut‐off for maximum DSC was 24.5% (range 17% to 32%). Conclusion: We developed a novel technique to evaluate the potential ITV of liver tumor with consideration of the respiratory variation. Potential ITV may be approximately 20% larger than ITV determined with 4DCT. The volume will be larger for patients with large variation in respiration.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
