The effect of TiO2/Nb2O5 hybrid nanoparticles added to a poly (ethylene co acetate) (EVA) matrix with 28% vinyl content was evaluated, aiming to shed light on the mechanisms with which oxides, when ...added as hybrid nanoparticles, can modify specific properties of a polymer matrix. The nanostructured EVA/TiO2/Nb2O5 films, containing different proportions of TiO2/Nb2O5 in the range between 0.25 1% referred to total EVA mass, were prepared by the solution casting method. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry, since this technique allows assessing the molecular dynamics and intermolecular interactions of the new materials. According to the relaxometry and X-ray diffraction results, the addition of the two oxides had a positive effect on the EVA matrix through their synergetic action on the physical characteristics of the nanostructured material. The addition of Nb2O5 caused a change in the crystallinity and EVA chain mobility. According to the relaxation parameter values and the shape of the domain curves, the materials fabricated in the present work had good polymer-nanoparticle interaction and, consequently, a high level of dispersion and distribution of the oxides was found. The niobium oxide intensified the effect of titanium dioxide, indicating that there was synergy of oxides individual effects for the proportions investigated in this study. This finding is very interesting because the polymer-oxide interface action will influence the characteristics and properties of the new nanostructured materials that can be used in food packaging, because the nanoparticles chosen will give special properties to these materials.
•Synergic effect.•Hybrid nanoparticles of Tio2 and Nb2O5.•Nanostructured materials based on eva matrix.•Films characterization by X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
There are a few data relating to the effects of lead (Pb) exposure on the alveolar bone, which has very distinct morphophysiological characteristics and is of great importance in the oral cavity. In ...this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the changes promoted after long-term exposure to Pb in the microstructure of the alveolar bone of rats. Twenty adult Wistar rats were exposed to 50 mg/kg/day of lead acetate for 55 days. These animals were euthanized and had their mandible removed. Each mandible was divided into hemimandibles, and the alveolar bone was used for bone lead quantification, crystallinity analysis, microstructure evaluation by the percentage of bone volume (BV/TV), number of trabeculae (Tb.N), thickness of the trabecular (Tb.Th), and trabecular space (Tb.Sp). Morphometric analysis of the exposed root area was also performed. Long-term exposure to Pb resulted in high levels of Pb in the alveolar bone but showed no changes in the organization of crystallinity. The microstructural analyses showed a reduction of BV/TV, Tb.Th, and Tb.N and increase of Tb.Sp parameters, resulting in an increase in the exposed root area and an alveolar bone loss in height. The findings of this study reveal the ability of Pb to alter the alveolar bone microstructure after long-term exposure to the metal, possibly due to changes in tissue homeostasis, contributing to the reduction of bone quality.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Após quinze anos de debate nacional sobre a implementaçâo das açdes afirmativas para negros e indígenas, sua efetividade ainda conta com grandes desafios. Um deles é sua eficacia no que toca â ...inclusâo dos grupos beneficiarios. Este artigo situa o debate nacional a partir de seus agentes e argumentos e toma o estudo de caso da comissao de heteroidentificaçâo da Universidade Federal Fluminense, experiencia pioneira no estado do Rio de Janeiro.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
O texto trata de ações desenvolvidas junto ao Movimento (Re)Existência, que ocorreu na Universidade Federal de Pelotas – UFPEL, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2016, como forma de oposição às ...alterações das políticas educacionais impetradas pelo governo federal, através da Lei nº 13.415 de 16 de fevereiro de 2.017 (ex-Medida Provisória 746/16). Alterações essas que interferiram no processo de humanização dos sujeitos e sua relação com a educação do sensível, dentro e fora do ambiente escolar. As considerações e a avaliação realizada realçam as lutas históricas em prol da manutenção do ensino da arte em todos os níveis de formação, no cenário nacional e local. O viés segue a dimensão micropolítica das práticas cotidianas, enfatizando o papel da arte e dos artistas como agentes políticos de transformação.
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o desempenho do diagrama de desvio fonatório e de suas medidas no monitoramento da qualidade da voz, pré e pós exercício vocal, em indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson. Método ...Estudo retrospectivo e documental. Utilizou-se uma amostra de 30 sujeitos, sendo 50% do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 62,13 ± 9,05 anos. Foram analisados os resultados do diagrama de desvio fonatório, nos momentos pré e pós exercício vocal com a técnica de empuxo associada aos sons plosivos, considerando-se a área, densidade, forma e localização do diagrama nos quadrantes. Para fins de comparação, os parâmetros acústicos de jitter, shimmer, glottal to noise excitation ratio e resultados da análise perceptivo-auditiva, realizada em pesquisa anterior, também foram considerados, nos momentos pré e pós-técnica. Resultados A despeito de não ocorrer diferença na distribuição das amostras no diagrama, após realização da técnica vocal, foi identificada, na análise qualitativa visual, mudança no deslocamento do diagrama em direção à área de normalidade e houve associação entre o grau geral do desvio vocal da análise perceptivoauditiva e a área do diagrama. Houve melhora nos valores de shimmer, após a técnica vocal. Conclusão O deslocamento do diagrama de desvio fonatório em direção à área de normalidade corroborou os resultados em relação ao grau geral de disfonia avaliado pela análise perceptivoauditiva e os resultados de shimmer, após a técnica vocal empregada. Desse modo, o diagrama de desvio fonatório apresentou bom desempenho no monitoramento da qualidade vocal de indivíduos com Parkinson.
ABSTRACT Purpose To assess the performance of the phonatory deviation diagram and its measurements in monitoring voice quality before and after voice exercise in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. Methods Retrospective and documentary study. A sample of 30 subjects was used, 50% male, with a mean age of 62.13 ± 9.05 years. The results of the phonatory deviation diagram were analyzed, in the moments before and after vocal exercise with the pushing technique associated with plosive sounds, considering the area, density, shape and location of the diagram in the quadrants. For comparison purposes, the acoustic parameters of jitter, shimmer, glottal to noise excitation ratio and results of the auditory-perceptual analysis, carried out in previous research, were also considered, in the pre- and post-technical moments. Results Despite the fact that there was no difference in the distribution of samples in the diagram, after performing the vocal technique, a change in the displacement of the diagram towards the area of normality was identified in the visual qualitative analysis, and there was an association between the general degree of vocal deviation in the analysis auditory perception and the area of the diagram. There was an improvement in the shimmer values after the vocal technique. Conclusion The displacement of the phonatory deviation diagram towards the area of normality corroborated the results in relation to the general degree of dysphonia, evaluated by the auditory-perceptual analysis and the shimmer results, after the vocal technique. Thus, the diagram shows good performance in monitoring voice quality of individuals with Parkinson’s.
Introduction: appropriate appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) parameters to identify sarcopenia in Brazil are scarce. The use of international references may lead to a false positive diagnosis. The ...objective was to propose cut-off points to identify sarcopenia in older men and women using DXA-derived ALST values from a young adult population. Methods: this was an observational study with a cross-sectional analysis. University students of both sexes (n = 125), aged 20 to 30 years, underwent anthropometric measurements and DXA scanning to obtain their ALST (kg). Cut-off points for sarcopenia were set at -2 standard deviations (-2SDs) away from the mean ALST of a young sample. Absolute values and indices (ALST/height2, ALST/weight, and ALST/body mass index BMI) were considered as recommended by international consensus. Results: compared to women, men presented higher values of weight, height, BMI, bone mineral content, lean soft tissue, ALST, and ALST index (kg/m²). Only fat mass was higher in women, and age was not different between genders. The -2SD ALST indices obtained were ≤ 6.56 kg/m² for men and ≤ 4.67 kg/m² for women. They were below international and national values, which tended to classify false positives. Conclusions: the -2SD ALST values proposed here are validated cut-offs for identifying low muscle in older adults and to prevent misdiagnosis with sarcopenia. In addition, they contribute to efficient monitoring and control of this disease in geriatric populations.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Systematic reviews, considered the gold standard for the assessment of scientific evidence, may present conflicting findings for the same clinical issue, and such dissent may be justified by the ...forms of elaboration of the electronic search strategy. This paper aims to validate a search strategy to identify randomized clinical trials related to periodontitis. A gold standard reference set was developed to validate the identified clinical trials using the relative recall method. The choice of periodontitis is due to the fact that this disease has a high prevalence among chronic non-communicable diseases, is considered the second most common oral disease in the world, is associated with several health problems, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, and, principally, has not been investigated sufficiently to prevent possible damages resulting from it.
A validation study was developed in MEDLINE/PubMed. In Stage 1, a methodological filter recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration to identify randomized clinical trials was applied. Stage 2 identified articles related only to periodontitis (gold standard reference set) from among the articles retrieved using the eligibility criteria. In Stage 3, a search statement for the retrieval of periodontitis-related articles was elaborated by experts. Stage 4 defined the proposed search strategy comprising of the combination of the search statement developed with the aforementioned methodological filter and subsequent application in MEDLINE/PubMed. The obtained data were analyzed using the set of articles identified in Stage 2, as the gold standard reference set. The following performance values were calculated - sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and number needed to read - with their respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI).
The search strategy under evaluation compared to the gold-standard showed a sensitivity of 93.2% (
CI, 83.8-97.3), specificity of 99.9% (
CI 99.8-99.9), and a precision of 77.5% (
CI, 66.48-85.63). In addition, the number needed to read was 1.3.
According to the proposed methodological approach, the search strategy under evaluation performed well in the identification of randomized clinical trials related to periodontitis.
There exists a diverse range of criteria used in epidemiological studies for the diagnosis of periodontitis. The results from these studies should be evaluated with consideration to the diagnostic ...criteria used, and this may account for differences between studies especially in some population groups such as pregnant females. The objective is to evaluate the diagnostic criteria used in a variety of epidemiologic studies of periodontitis in pregnant females.
An accuracy study with cross-sectional design was performed out from a database of 671 pregnant females, using six different sets of criteria for the diagnosis of periodontitis. Women were classified for periodontitis, as follows: Center for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP, 2012 criterion), the gold standard, Gomes-Filho et al.(2018) criterion, Albandar et al.(2007) criterion, Bassani et al.(2007) criterion, López et al.(2002) criterion, and Nesse et al.(2008) criterion. For comparison amongst the gold standard and the other criteria, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratio were determined.
The frequency of periodontitis ranged from 25.0% to 90.2%. The Bassani et al. (2007) criterion was found to be more sensitive among the studies, and thus more suitable for diagnostic screening studies. Gomes-Filho et al.(2018), Albandar et al. (2007), López et al. (2002), and Nesse et al. (2008) criteria were considered more specific, which makes them more useful for studies of periodontitis with the aim of using diagnosis for confirmation of disease.
A variation in the occurrence of periodontitis was observed. The criterion must be chosen according to the research aims and population characteristics.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of saline extract from Tithonia diversifolia leaves by phytochemical bioprospecting, and investigate its safety against animal cells. ...Methods: The saline extract was prepared, with NaCl (0.15 M), by constant stirring of the dried and pulverized leaves, followed by volume reduction by lyophilization. The extract was phytochemical characterized using ultra-performance liquid chromatography, and total phenol and flavonoid analysis also was performed.The antioxidant capacity was determined through DPPH? radical, the antimicrobial property was evaluated against standard bacteria and fungi, and the viability assays were performed against mice splenocytes. Results: Fifteen compoundswereidentifiedbelongingtotwomainclassesterpenoidsandphenolics.Theextract showed 22.185 mg GAE/g of total phenolic compounds and 3.220 mg QE/g of flavonoid. Moreover, extract showed higher antioxidant ability similar to butylated hydroxytoluene a standard molecule (3.042±0.019) mg AAE/g and (4.12±0.10) mg AAE/g to saline extract and butylated hydroxytoluene, respectively.The antimicrobial assays demonstrated that the extract had a significant antifungal potential against Candida species and could be used with safety against mice splenocytes, in concentrations lower than 50 μg/mL, promoting higher proliferation in these cells. Conclusions: Saline extract from Tithonia diversifolia leaves presents potential antioxidant, antifungal properties and induces immunostimulation in mice splenocytes.
•Men showed a strong association with abusive alcoholic beverage consumption.•Using cocaine was 2 times more frequent among people who used alcoholic beverages.•The results of this research call ...attention to an important public health problem.
Suicide is a worldwide phenomenon, as well as a challenge for public health, and alcoholic beverage abuse is one of the most important risk factors. However, the association between possible factors related to alcoholic beverage consumption in suicide victims has rarely been investigated.
To evaluate the factors associated with abusive alcoholic beverage consumption among people who died from suicide in the Brazilian Federal District (BFD).
A population-based and cross-sectional study with suicide victims in the BFD between 2016 and 2017. Information was collected about sociodemographic characteristics, autopsy appraisal, and drug use. A trained team evaluated all cases to define factors associated with abusive alcoholic beverage consumption. This outcome was measured using the Blood Alcohol Concentration. Poisson regression analysis was applied to calculate the Prevalence Ratios and respective populational confidence intervals.
The findings of the present study were collected from a database containing information related to 278 suicide victims. Being male and having cocaine identified in the toxicological test were the factors that showed a strong association with abusive alcohol beverage consumption in suicide victims. Other factors showed a slight association (PR < 1.5): having an education level with greater than 8 years of study, being black, having a professional occupation or being retired or pensioner, and having the presence of cannabis in the toxicological test.
Socioeconomic-demographic and behavioral factors proved to be positively associated with abusive alcoholic beverage consumption among suicide victims, suggesting the need for effective public health policy measures to combat this health problem.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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