Resumo Este artigo versa sobre o desenvolvimento de comissões de heteroidentificação na Universidade Federal Fluminense com vistas à implementação das ações afirmativas de cunho étnico-racial para o ...ingresso nos cursos de graduação e nos concursos públicos para docentes. A adoção pela mesma instituição de modelos distintos, com base no critério identitário ou exclusivamente fenotípico, evidencia as tensões e as disputas em jogo em relação ao tema. Ao contrastar a operacionalização institucional dessas diferentes comissões será possível observar as singularidades dos modelos analisados, mas também alguns elementos comuns, sobretudo no que se refere às relações complexas entre Poder Judiciário, burocracias e movimentos sociais, bem como aos modos de identificação fenotípica do pardo. Tais elementos são alguns dos principais desafios para garantir tanto o direito de pessoas negras às ações afirmativas quanto o objetivo de mudar a monocromia branca das salas de aula das universidades públicas brasileiras.
Resumen: Este artículo aborda el desarrollo de comités de heteroidentificación en la Universidad Federal Fluminense con vistas a la implementación de acciones afirmativas de tipo etno-racial para la admisión en los programas de grado y en los procesos de selección pública de profesores. La adopción por parte de la misma institución de modelos diferentes, basados en criterios identitarios o exclusivamente en criterios fenotípicos, pone de manifiesto las tensiones y disputas en relación con el tema. Al contrastar la operacionalización institucional de estas diferentes comisiones será posible observar las singularidades de los modelos, pero también algunos elementos comunes, especialmente en lo que se refiere a las complejas relaciones entre el Poder Judicial, las burocracias y los movimientos sociales, así como los modos de identificación fenotípica del “pardo”. Tales elementos son algunos de los principales desafíos para garantizar tanto el derecho de los negros a la acción afirmativa como el objetivo de cambiar el monocromo blanco de las aulas de las universidades públicas brasileñas.
Abstract: This article deals with the development of hetero-identification committees in the Universidade Federal Fluminense with a view toward implementing affirmative action of a ethno-racial variety for admission to undergraduate programs and in public selection processes for professors. The adoption of different models by the same institution, based on identity criteria or exclusively on phenotypic criteria, highlights tensions and disputes. By contrasting the institutional operationalization of these different commissions, the article observes the specificities of the models but also certain common elements, especially with reference to the complex relationships between Judiciary, bureaucracies and social movements, as well as the modes of identifying the “pardo” phenotype. Such elements are some of the main challenges in ensuring both the rights of black people to affirmative action and the aim of changing the white monochrome of the classroom in Brazilian public universities.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis severity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) through systematic review, registered in PROSPERO: CRD42021232120. ...Selected articles were independently chosen by three reviewers from six databases, including using article reference lists, up until March 2022. Eligible studies were observational, without language limitation, and in subjects aged at least 18 years. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Random effects models calculated summary measurements (odds ratio‐OR, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI). The
I
2
test evaluated the statistical heterogeneity of the data. Sensitivity, subgroup, and meta‐regression analyses were performed. For the reliability of evidence, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations tool was used. A total of 2133 records were identified, and 14 studies were included comprising 24,567 participants. The summary odds ratio showed a positive association between individuals with moderate (OR
adjusted
= 1.26; 95%CI = 2.10–5.37;
I
2
= 45.85%), and severe periodontitis (OR
adjusted
= 1.50; 95%CI:1.28–1.71;
I
2
= 56.46%), and MetS. Subgroup and meta‐regression analyses showed that study effect size was influenced by year of publication, study design, and MetS diagnostic criteria, contributing to inter‐study variability. The findings showed that moderate and severe levels of periodontitis are associated with MetS, suggesting a possible dose–response effect.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
3.
Factors Associated with Cocaine Consumption among Suicide Victim Abreu, Luisa Caroline Costa; Conceição, Sarah Dos Santos; Carvalho, Delmason Soares Barbosa de ...
International journal of environmental research and public health,
11/2022, Volume:
19, Issue:
21
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Cocaine use is an increasingly frequent event, especially in young people, and can cause irreversible consequences, such as suicide. To evaluate the factors associated with cocaine use in the moments ...preceding to suicide. This is a population-based, cross-sectional, and analytical study conducted in the Brazilian Federal District by researchers from the Department of Health and the Civil Police Institute of Criminalistics. All people who died due to suicide in 2018 were included in the survey. Cocaine use was considered the dependent variable, and robust Poisson regression was performed to estimate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective population confidence intervals. In 2018, 12,157 deaths were recorded, of which suicide accounted for 1.56% of all deaths. It was observed that being between 25 and 44 years old, male, and under the influence of alcohol or cannabis, had a strong positive association with cocaine consumption among suicide victims. Males, people with black skin, with lower level of education, with employment, and who were under the effect of the use of cannabis and/or alcohol in the previous hours of death had a higher propensity to consume cocaine immediately before suicide, with a moderate to strong magnitude of prevalence ratio. The findings of this research indicated the need for monitoring, by health services, of people most vulnerable to suicide through the consumption of psychoactive substances.
To investigated the effect of oropharyngeal colostrum immunotherapy in reducing the time required for very low birth weight preterm newborns (VLBW-PTNB: < 1,500g and < 37 weeks) to achieve full ...enteral nutrition.
Literature search was conducted using four databases, including gray literature, with additional manual search of the references of selected articles. Eligibility criteria consisted of randomized clinical trials, without restriction regarding the date or language of the publication. Two independent reviewers performed the article selection and data extraction. The random-effects meta-analysis used a non-standard technique to assess the mean difference in days to achieve full enteral nutrition, carried out by the Stata 15 statistic program.
The systematic review comprised 10 studies, and five were selected for meta-analysis, with a population of 764 VLBW-PTNB and gestational age of birth between 25 and 32 weeks. The studies were conducted between 2011 and 2018 in North America, Asia and Africa, with only one conducted in South America. Altogether, they reported the number of days it took 708 VLBW-PTNB to achieve full enteral nutrition, with newborns treated with immunotherapy showing a shorter time in only three studies. Meta-analysis showed a mean difference of -4.26 days, (95% CI -7.44; -1.08d), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 83.1%).
The use of oropharyngeal colostrum immunotherapy can reduce the time for VLBW-PTNB to achieve full nutrition when compared to those who used a placebo or received routine care.
Cooperative regulation of root meristem activity and root-derived de novo shoot regeneration in Arabidopsis is achieved by integration of cytokinin responses with age cues derived from ...miR156-targeted SPL10.
Abstract
Root growth is modulated by different factors, including phytohormones, transcription factors, and microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNA156 and its targets, the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) genes, define an age-dependent pathway that controls several developmental processes, including lateral root emergence. However, it remains unclear whether miR156-regulated SPLs control root meristem activity and root-derived de novo shoot regeneration. Here, we show that MIR156 and SPL genes have opposing expression patterns during the progression of primary root (PR) growth in Arabidopsis, suggesting that age cues may modulate root development. Plants with high miR156 levels display reduced meristem size, resulting in shorter primary root (PRs). Conversely, plants with reduced miR156 levels show higher meristem activity. Importantly, loss of function of SPL10 decreases meristem activity, while SPL10 de-repression increases it. Meristem activity is regulated by SPL10 probably through the reduction of cytokinin responses, via the modulation of type-B ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1(ARR1) expression. We also show that SPL10 de-repression in the PRs abolishes de novo shoot regenerative capacity by attenuating cytokinin responses. Our results reveal a cooperative regulation of root meristem activity and root-derived de novo shoot regeneration by integrating age cues with cytokinin responses via miR156-targeted SPL10.
To investigate the association between maternal anemia and low/insufficient birth weight.
A prospective cohort study of pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at the healthcare units in a ...municipality of northeast Brazil together with their newborn infants was carried out. The pregnant women were classified as having anemia when the hemoglobin level was below 11 g/dl. Infants who were born full term weighing less than 2500 grams were classified as low birth weight, and those weighing between 2500 and 2999 grams were classified as insufficient weight. The occurrence of maternal anemia and its association with birth weight was verified using crude and adjusted Relative Risk (RR) estimates with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).
The final sample was comprised of 622 women. Maternal anemia was considered a risk factor for low/insufficient birth weight, after adjusting the effect measurement for maternal age, family income, urinary infection, parity, alcoholic beverage consumption during pregnancy and gestational body mass index: RRadjusted = 1.38 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.77.
Maternal anemia was associated with low/insufficient birth weight, representing a risk factor for the gestational outcomes studied.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Condensed tannins are a potentially important treatment option to mitigate N
2
O (nitrous oxide) and affect carbon dioxide (CO
2
) and methane (CH
4
) emissions; however, their effect has been poorly ...assessed. Here, we quantified the emissions of N
2
O, CH
4
, and CO
2
, soil N mineralization, and nitrification with increasing doses of condensed tannins added to the urine of cattle raised on pasture. The experiment consisted of incubation with doses of 0%, 0.5%, and 1.0% of condensed tannins added directly to the collected urine. The experimental design was completely randomized. Greenhouse gas fluxes were quantified for four weeks using static chambers and gas chromatography. The addition of condensed tannins increased N
2
O emissions (
P
< 0.05), with total emissions averaging 95.84 mg N-N
2
O kg
−1
, 265.30 mg N-N
2
O kg
−1
, and 199.32 mg N-N
2
O kg
−1
dry soil in the treatments with 0%, 0.5%, and 1% tannins, respectively. Methane emissions were reduced with the addition of tannins (
P
< 0.05), with total emissions of 8.84 g CH
4
kg
−1
, 1.87 g CH
4
kg
−1
, and 3.34 g CH
4
kg
−1
dry soil in the treatments with 0%, 0.5%, and 1% tannins, respectively. Soil respiration increased with the addition of condensed tannins (
P
< 0.05), with total emissions of 3.80 g CO
2
kg
−1
, 6.93 g CO
2
kg
−1
, and 5.87 g CO
2
kg
−1
in dry soil, in the treatments with 0%, 0.5%, and 1% tannins, respectively. The addition of condensed tannins reduced N mineralization and nitrification. We found evidence that the use of condensed tannins might not be a suitable option to mitigate N
2
O emissions. However, soil CH
4
emissions can be abated. The increases in soil respiration suggest that tannins affect soil microorganisms, and the effects on CH
4
and N
2
O could be related to the variation in the soil microbiome, which requires further clarification.
Full text
Available for:
CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Herbal medicines containing Passiflora species have been widely used to treat anxiety since ancient times. The species Passiflora incarnata L. is included in many Pharmacopoeias, and it is the most ...used species in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. However, there are around 600 species of the genus Passiflora and probably other species that can be used safely. Thus, this article was based on a search into the uses of the main species of the genus Passiflora with anxiolytic activity and its main secondary metabolites and some pharmacological studies, patents, and registered products containing Passiflora. Furthermore, the Brazilian Regulatory Health Agency Datavisa, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency of the United Kingdom, and the European Medicines Agency websites were consulted. The results showed that Passiflora species have health benefits but clinical trials are still scarce. The complexity of Passiflora extracts creates challenges for the development of herbal medicines. P. incarnata is the most studied species of the genus and the most used in natural anxiolytic herbal medicine formulations. However, there are hundreds of Passiflora species potentially useful for medicinal and nutraceutical purposes that are still little explored.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This study investigates the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of
(Mart.) R.E.Fr (Annonaceae), examining its effectiveness in combating both the larvae and adult forms ...of
mosquitoes. Additionally, for a deeper understanding of the insecticidal activity, toxicity properties and molecular docking calculations were conducted using the main compounds of this essential oil. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 26 constituents, representing 95.2% of the essential oil, with the major components identified as the sesquiterpenes
-selinene,
-selinene, and
-elemene. Larvicidal assays demonstrated potent activity of this essential oil with significant LC
values of 40.8 and 39.4 μg/mL at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Adulticidal assessments highlighted strong efficacy with LC
of 12.5 µg/mL. Molecular docking analysis identified optimal interaction activities of
-selinene and
-selinene with key
proteins. The in silico studies comparing synthetic insecticides with the major sesquiterpenes of the essential oil revealed that
-selinene exhibited a significantly higher binding affinity compared to the other two sesquiterpenes. Also, ADMET studies of the three main sesquiterpenes indicated acceptable drug-like properties. In these findings, safety evaluations showed low toxicity and skin sensitization for the main sesquiterpenes, contrasting with commercial synthetic insecticides. Therefore, in silico analyses suggest promising interactions with
proteins, indicating its potential as an effective alternative to conventional insecticides These results show the larvicidal and adulticidal potential of the essential oil from
against
, supported by its predominant constituents,
-selinene,
-selinene and
-elemene.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Background
Mental disorders represent a major public health challenge worldwide, affecting 80% of people living in low- and middle-income countries. Depression, a mental disorder, is a ...chronic disease of long duration that causes changes in the brain, resulting from a combination of genetic, physiologic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The aim of this study was to investigate possible factors associated with depression in Brazilian adults.
Methods
A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out using the public domain database of the 2019 National Health Survey, conducted in Brazil. Depression was considered the dependent variable, and through hierarchical analysis, predictor variables were investigated such as, at the distal level—socioeconomic variables, at the intermediate level—variables related to lifestyle behavior, health condition, and history, and at the proximal level—demographic variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the adjusted Odds Ratio and the respective 95% confidence interval to identify possible factors associated with depression.
Results
The study included 88,531 participant records with 10.27% diagnosed with depression. The adjusted association measurements, after selecting the independent variables in the hierarchical analysis, showed the following factors associated with depression with differing magnitudes: age, brown and white race/skin color, female sex, poor, very poor, or regular self-reported health condition, diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, work-related musculoskeletal disorder, history of smoking habit, and macroeconomic region.
Conclusions
An effective strategy for preventing and managing depression in Brazilian adults must include the control of health status and lifestyle behavior factors, with actions and programs to reduce people's exposure to these factors, understanding that socioeconomic-demographic differences of each population can potentially reduce the disease burden.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
