Building supply chain risk resilience Singh, Nitya Prasad; Singh, Shubham
Benchmarking : an international journal,
09/2019, Volume:
26, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how firms can develop business risk resilience from supply chain disruption events, by developing big data analytics (BDA) capabilities within their ...organization. The authors test whether BDA mediates the impact of institutional response to supply chain disruption events, and information technology infrastructure capabilities (ITICs), on firm’s ability to develop risk resilience from supply chain disruption events.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on survey data collected from 225 firms, spread across several sectors in the USA and Europe. The respondents are primarily senior and middle management professionals who have experience within the information technology (IT) and supply chain domain. Validity and reliability analyses were performed using SPSS and AMOS; and covariance-based structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis.
Findings
The analysis reveals two significant findings. First, the authors observe that institutional experience with managing supply chain disruption events has a negative impact on firm’s ability to develop business risk resilience. However, if the organizations adopt BDA capabilities, it enables them to effectively utilize resident firm knowledge and develop supply chain risk resilience capacity. The results further suggest that BDA positively adds to an organization’s existing IT capabilities. The analysis shows that BDA mediates the impact of ITIC on the organization’s ability to develop risk resilience to supply chain disruption events.
Originality/value
This study is one of the few works that empirically validate the important role that BDA capabilities play in enabling firms develop business risk resilience from supply chain disruption events. The study further provides a counterpoint to the existing perspective within the supply chain risk management literature that institutional experience of managing past supply chain disruption events prepares the organization to deal with future disruption events. This paper adds to our understanding of how, by adopting BDA capabilities, firms can develop supply chain risk resilience from disruption events.
PurposeThe academic literature on emerging market multinational corporations (EMNCs) has classified several strategic options that EMNCs can adopt as part of their internationalization process. ...Although this research stream does include examples of Indian companies, it has not adequately identified specific strategic practices followed by them as part of their internationalization process. Therefore, this article aims to identify specific firm competencies, home country advantages and strategic practices that Indian EMNCs adopt to achieve foreign market entry and internationalization.Design/methodology/approachThe article adopts a multiple case study methodology supported by unstructured interviews to answer the research question. Using a combination of in-depth interviews and secondary data related to the case study in question, strategic practices of three Indian companies operating in different industry segments are identified and evaluated.FindingsThe results highlight that as part of their internationalization process, EMNCs from India adopt a combination of strategic practices that include strategic alliances, acquisitions, entry into targeted geographic markets, localized and innovative product offerings and niche market focus. This mix of strategic practices, in combination with high levels of corporate parenting, plays an important role in the ability of Indian EMNCs to internationalize successfully.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the international business field by developing a better understanding of the internationalization process followed by emerging market multinational firms. In addition, as the article adopts a case study approach, specific business strategies adopted by Indian firms as part of their internationalization process are identified. The study, therefore, provides a strategic roadmap for firms from emerging countries on how to internationalize successfully.
Within the last decade, research has focussed on corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices as a strategic tool that enables firms to improve stakeholder perception, brand image and corporate ...reputation. However, one area that remains understudied is the role played by CSR practices in managing corporate reputation under conditions of supply chain risk. To answer this research question, we conduct a literature review and develop the corresponding hypothesis. We test our hypothesis using quantitative analysis of both primary and secondary data collected from organizations dispersed globally. The results highlight that under conditions of supply chain network disruption risk, CSR practices play an important role in enabling firms to manage the negative impact of such risk drivers on corporate reputation. The study further suggests that CSR practices positively impact supply chain risk management (SCRM) practices and are a necessary condition for SCRM practices to be effective in improving corporate reputation of organizations.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Increasingly, creating and delivering value through complex supply chain networks involves substantial risks. However, strategy development under business risk conditions is not well-understood. This ...cross-country research examines how, under conditions of supply chain network risk, firms develop effective risk management practices. Using a literature review and survey research of managers from global firms; we present a research model, and empirically test the hypothesized relationships. The results show that under conditions of uncertainty, management decision-making is more likely to be cautious until visible forms of risks emerge, and prudent response mechanisms are put in place. This study identifies the crucial role of supply chain exploration and exploitation practices, and their influence in development of network risk management practices, leading to competitive financial outcomes.
•Firms with global supply chain networks face disruption risks leading to financial loss.•Supply chain disruption events negatively impact strategic decision-making.•Strategic decisions developed through risk analysis are effective in risk mitigation.•Such decisions lead to development of effective risk management practices.•Risk management practices enable organizations to achieve positive financial outcomes.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PurposeAs organizations globalize, they are facing twin challenges of (1) how to develop actionable intelligence from the vast amount of data flowing into their organization and (2) how to ...effectively manage the increasing risks to their supply chain. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to bring these two issues on a single platform to understand how firms can effectively predict supply chain risk by developing and using BDA capabilities, through an automated risk alert tool.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a questionnaire-based survey methodology supported by secondary data to collect information related to managerial perceptions on how firms can develop a risk alert tool by improving BDA capabilities. A database of 213 senior and middle-level managers was developed and used to test the proposed hypothesis. Using econometric techniques, the authors identify the conditions necessary for such an automated risk management tool to be effective.FindingsThe results suggest that if organizations focus on developing an effective IT infrastructure supported by a strong BDA capability, they will be able to leverage these capabilities to develop an effective risk management tool. Moderating influences of Upstream and Downstream Supply Chain IT Infrastructure capabilities were also observed on different types of BDA capabilities within a firm. In conclusion, it was argued that the effectiveness of a risk alert tool is dependent on how well firms harness big data analytics capability.Originality/valueThe value of the research stems from the fact that it uses managerial surveys to identify specific BDA capabilities that can enable firms to develop risk resilience capabilities. In addition, the article is one of the few empirical studies that aims to identify how firms can use BDA capabilities within a supply chain context to develop an automated risk alert tool. The article, therefore, contributes to the literature that identifies the value of BDA capabilities within the context of supply chain risk management.
This article evaluates how firms are able to enhance the effectiveness of their Risk Management Infrastructure (RMI) by using Big Data Analytics (BDA) to improve their risk resilience capability. A ...theoretical model is developed and the corresponding hypothesis is tested through a survey instrument and quantitative analysis. The results show that if firms adopt BDA capabilities then it positively moderates the impact of RMI on risk resilience, improving the effectiveness of a risk management infrastructure.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
PurposeThe business sector plays a major role in achieving comprehensive economic development goals in emerging economies. Consequently, the effects of business responses to the COVID-19 pandemic are ...receiving increasing research attention from an organizational management development perspective. This article aims to examine the role of leadership in charting the course in an extraordinary crisis context.Design/methodology/approachUsing institutional leadership theory, leadership contingency theory and dynamic leadership capability theory, the authors present a research framework that defines macrochallenges and organizational level responses and outcomes. The article adopts a case study approach, which includes the identification of four target companies and conducting in-depth interviews with senior management professionals within those companies at different time periods.FindingsBased on the interviews, the steps that Indian companies adopted to respond to the COVID-19 challenge are identified. Expanding the insight from the case study, the findings suggest that although feeling overwhelmed at first, organizational leaders combine prudent (i.e. timely and speedy actions for survival first) and bold (i.e. future envisioning for expansion and growth) actions enabling these firms to weather two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in India.Originality/valueThese multiple case studies are unique in exploring MNEs from different industries. This study also highlights the dynamic relationships between leadership practices, risk management strategies and performance outcomes based on a sound theoretical model and rigorous study methods.
Introduction: Middle ear risk index is one of the most reliable measuring tools to predict and evaluate the results of tympanoplasty. This study was done to analyse the predictive value of ...revised middle ear risk index on hearing improvement in patients undergoing surgery for chronic otitis media and to correlate the association between each index factor with hearing results. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was done over 2 years in a tertiary care Army Hospital with 88 patients in the age group of 10-65 years. Preoperative hearing thresholds and air-bone gaps were recorded. Patients were assigned to mild, moderate and severe groups with risk index scores. Hearing thresholds were assessed at 3 and 6 months following surgery for chronic otitis media. Data was statistically analysed. Results: 92.04% and 77.27% showed hearing improvements, 4.54% and 1.13% had deterioration and 3.40% and 21.59% had no change when compared to preoperative results in AC and BC thresholds respectively. 57.95% had post-operative closure of air bone gap of ≤ 12. Compared to cases with AB gap closure ≤ 12, those with AB gap closure > 12 showed statistically significant gain in BC by 0.2dB. Each unit increase in risk index score was associated with statistically significant increase of 0.64 dB in BC. Out of the seven individual factors, only perforation and previous surgery showed statistical significance in terms of hearing improvement. Conclusion: Middle ear risk index is not a good predictor of hearing improvement in ear surgery. Individually, risk index or air bone gap are not strong predictors but jointly, they show strong association with hearing improvement both in terms of AC and BC. Keywords: Middle ear risk index; Air conduction; Bone conduction; Air-bone gap; Hearing improvement.
Malnutrition is one of the most long-suffering problems facing women and children across the world—it is endemic to many low- and low-middle income countries and is a leading comorbidity in CU5 ...mortality. Malnutrition and food security are gendered issues; not only are boys and girls differently affected by these issues, but societal norms and differing roles of women and men are often drivers of these different outcomes. The United Nations seeks to address both malnutrition and gender inequality by reaching its Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Researchers have shown that women's empowerment is inextricably linked to the nutritional outcomes of children. As one dimension of women's empowerment, intra-household decision-making is an important determinant of child health and nutrition outcomes, as it can determine how resources are allocated within the household. To better understand how gender inequalities within household decision-making may contribute to child nutrition, this study examines the association between household decision-making and the adoption of behavior change to increase chicken egg consumption among infants and young children in Burkina Faso, and explores the relationship(s) between the
Un Oeuf
project and women's empowerment. This study analyzes data collected during the
Un Oeuf
cRCT (July 2018–April 2019) and additional data that were collected in conjunction with the
Un Oeuf
endline household survey in April 2019. Significant relationships were found between women's household decision-making about eggs and child egg consumption at the end of the project. This was true for women who did not have decision-making power at baseline (
p
= 0.006, OR 3.822) as well as for women who indicted having had that power and sustaining it through endline (
p
= 0.013, OR 6.662). Results indicate that the
Un Oeuf
project significantly increased women's household decision-making (
p
> 0.005, OR 4.045). Finally, significant relationships were found between a woman's overall level of empowerment and household decision-making power surrounding (1) what is done with household eggs (
p
< 0.005, OR 2.87) and (2) how foods are portioned (
p
= 0.012, OR 6.712). These findings illustrate the importance and potential of women's decision-making as a point of entry to improving nutritional outcomes through changes in empowerment.
Women's dietary diversity is often used as proxy for nutritional status as it has important implications for household food security. Karamoja's agriculture is mainly based on livestock production, ...with many ethnic groups in the region that have different beliefs and practices, the largest of those groups being the Karamojong and Pokot. This study aimed to characterize diets of women in Karamoja across the two largest ethnic groups and investigate which social factors might influence diets. The study collected data using a household questionnaire (n = 545) and the five domains of empowerment (5DE) questions (n = 95) from the validated Abbreviated Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index. A log-transformed linear logistic regression model was used for the analysis of women's dietary diversity scores with the predicted variables. Factors such as being from the Pokot ethnic group, being less mobile, having some level of education, women's access to credit, consumption of self-produced animal source foods, and having livestock as a primary source of income were all significantly associated with an increase in women's dietary diversity. There was no association between dietary diversity and any of the 5DE. Important differences in the diets of women emerged by ethnicity, with Pokot having higher consumption of milk, but lower consumption of meats and greens. Findings could be used to formulate interventions to increase dietary diversity as a pathway to improve health.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
