Introduction Smith, Kevin Michael
Azalea (Cambridge, Mass.),
01/2017, Volume:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
...the idyllic ambience of these early poems is soon interrupted by a political consciousness that first appears in the 1927 poem "Bright Soil" (hyöngto), addressing the peasantry in New Tendency ...(sin kyönghyang) fashion and protesting the imperialist rivalry over the Korean peninsula as a source of raw materials and cheap labor.2 "Snow" and "Earth and Bacteria" are two of Im's most formally adventurous poems from his early "Dada" period. "Snow" plays with paratactic ellipsis and grammatical disjuncture to evoke the disorienting experience of a brutally cold Korean winter blizzard, with the jarring omissions formalizing the clouding of the seeing eye (nun/mok) by the falling snow. ...the bacteria (paktaeria) in the poem, enumerating and repeatedly swallowing individuals in a gesture at once predatory and entirely calculating and indifferent, together with the black quadrilateral (hüksaek sabyönhyöng) that amplifies the bacteria's villainous laughter (usüm), evoke the uncontainable suffering concomitant with the geometric coldness and precision of capitalist production.3 In "The Tank's Departure," a poem originally written in Korean and then translated by Yi Pukman into Japanese for the journal Proletarian Arts (Puroretaria geijutsu), but whose original Korean has now been lost, Im channels the avant-garde accomplishments of "Earth and Bacteria" in a more explicitly class-conscious direction. "September 12th," Im's first postliberation poem, returns, as Kim Chaeyong notes, to the Chongno intersection repeatedly visited in colonial-period poems but in an entirely unprecedented climate, still riddled with the bitter memories (ssürarin kiyök) of Im's conversion (chönhyang) and comrades lost, but also hopeful about the peninsula's...
Humidity-controlled mechanical exhaust ventilation (RH-MEV) has been widely used in France for over 35 years, demonstrating high durability and robustness. This exhaust-only ventilation strategy is ...widely used as an energy-saving measure, replacing constant mechanical exhaust ventilation (Constant-MEV) systems in residential buildings. It demonstrates energy savings due to the restricted airflows, but as a downside, the building's indoor air quality (IAQ) often deteriorates. Moreover, it is impossible to recover heat with exhaust-only ventilation systems, which means that energy consumption for space heating is still quite significant and cold supply air temperatures are frequently introduced to the heated spaces. Room ventilation units (RVUs) with heat recovery represent an alternative ventilation solution allowing simple installation through the façade and providing fresh outdoor air and exhaust ventilation to each room. This study investigates these units' energy saving potential and indoor environmental quality performance as an alternative solution to centralized exhaust-only ventilation systems. The dynamic simulations were performed for a reference residential building under various French climatic conditions for a heating season. The three ventilation strategies investigated were Constant-MEV, RH-MEV and room-based ventilation with RVUs. The results demonstrated 61-85% savings in space heating demand with the RVUs, compared to Constant-MEV under all climatic conditions. Compared to RH-MEV, the RVUs saved 44-75% energy for space heating while the CO
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concentration and relative humidity levels were decreased due to RVUs' constant air exchange rate. In all cases, RVUs provided considerably higher supply air temperatures due to the implemented heat recovery, which can potentially improve indoor thermal comfort.
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The increased prevalence of diabetes in Middle Eastern countries is a health policy priority. Important risk factors for diabetes have been identified. Lifestyle interventions and adherence to ...medications are central to disease prevention and management. This review focuses on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Middle Eastern countries. The aim is to identify the ways in which knowledge, health beliefs, and social and cultural factors influence adherence to medication and lifestyle measures. Thirty-four studies were identified following a systematic search of the literature. The studies describe the influence of knowledge, health beliefs, culture, and lifestyle on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Middle East. Findings indicate a lack of health knowledge about diabetes among populations, which has implications for health behaviors, medication adherence, and treatment outcomes. Many identified health beliefs and cultural lifestyle factors, such as religious beliefs, beliefs about fasting during Ramadan, and sedentary lifestyles played a role in patients' decisions. For better management of this disease, a collaborative approach between patients, their families, health care professionals, and governments should be adopted. Implementing behavioral strategies and psychological interventions that incorporate all health care professionals in the management process have been shown to be effective methods. Such services help patients change their behavior. However, the utilization of such services and interventions is still limited in Arabian countries. Physicians in the Middle East are the health care professionals most involved in the care process.
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The aim of this research is to ascertain whether a Middle Eastern quasi-military organisation with a hierarchical structure and centralised decision-making ethos can change its transactional ...leadership model to a transformation model that reflects a new community-based style of policing. It examines whether western-developed transformational leadership principles are culturally transferable, and it analyses the methodologies used by both the donor and recipient of the leadership development capacity building programmes. This research examines the strategies and challenges for introducing a community policing style in the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF), a journey which began in 2013 and continues to the time of writing (Summer, 2019). It also highlights the necessity to adopt a collaborative participatory active research approach when researching a closed Middle Eastern security organisation where access is difficult, and the motives of researchers can be viewed with the utmost suspicion. The research examines the literature in relation to culture and highlights the negative effects of an ethnocentric approach to capacity building programmes that fail to give cognisance to culture and context. It suggests that equal partners taking a collaborative approach can successfully adapt western models of transformational leadership and a community policing style to meet the needs of their organisation.
Rationale The purpose of this longitudinal cohort study is to determine the safety and efficacy of maintenance immunotherapy in imported fire ant (IFA) hypersensitive patients given at a 12-week ...interval. Seventy-three annual IFA skin tests were performed, after which one patient reported subjective symptoms (nausea and warmth) after testing.
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This dissertation examines Korean modernist poetry from the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945) within the context of an interwar global avant-garde through the rubric of combined and uneven ...development. Understanding modernist fragmentation as the specific aesthetic correlate of capitalism’s differentiated growth and reproduction across space and time, I examine how modernist poets in colonial Korea surveyed, interrogated, and critically responded to such radical inequalities and contradictions engendered by industrial capitalism and Japanese imperialism as those between town and country, colony and metropole, proletarian and bourgeois, work and leisure time, battlefield and homefront, and psychic unfreedom and a liberated unconscious. I present therein close readings of a number of modernist Korean poets, including Yi Sang, O Chang-hwan, Im Hwa, Paek Sŏk, Yi Si-u, and Kim Kirim, around four central topics: simultaneity and social acceleration; the proletarian avant-garde and revolutionary prolepsis; futurism and industrial warfare; and surrealism and the fourth dimension of the unconscious. By framing the modernist-inflected poetry of colonial Korea within a wider literary and cultural aperture, drawing together works from Japanese Dadaism, Italian futurism, French cubism, Russian constructivism, and American proletarian literature, I aim to trace the diffusion of global modernism along the variegated contours of capital’s unevenness, suggesting that “lateness” as a political-economic index and critical-theoretical tool may be disentangled from moral or colonial discourses concerning cultural or civilizational inferiority so as to help account for the divergent and nonsynchronous appearance of modernist practice at different geographic and historical conjunctures.
Background
Recent studies have shown that 3′-deoxy-3′-
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F fluorothymidine (
18
FFLT)) uptake depends on endogenous tumour thymidine concentration. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...tumour thymidine concentrations and whether they correlated with
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FFLT uptake across a broad spectrum of murine cancer models. A modified liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used to determine endogenous thymidine concentrations in plasma and tissues of tumour-bearing and non-tumour bearing mice and rats. Thymidine concentrations were determined in 22 tumour models, including xenografts, syngeneic and spontaneous tumours, from six research centres, and a subset was compared for
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FFLT uptake, described by the maximum and mean tumour-to-liver uptake ratio (TTL) and SUV.
Results
The LC-MS/MS method used to measure thymidine in plasma and tissue was modified to improve sensitivity and reproducibility. Thymidine concentrations determined in the plasma of 7 murine strains and one rat strain were between 0.61 ± 0.12 μM and 2.04 ± 0.64 μM, while the concentrations in 22 tumour models ranged from 0.54 ± 0.17 μM to 20.65 ± 3.65 μM. TTL at 60 min after
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FFLT injection, determined in 14 of the 22 tumour models, ranged from 1.07 ± 0.16 to 5.22 ± 0.83 for the maximum and 0.67 ± 0.17 to 2.10 ± 0.18 for the mean uptake. TTL did not correlate with tumour thymidine concentrations.
Conclusions
Endogenous tumour thymidine concentrations alone are not predictive of
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FFLT uptake in murine cancer models.
We use infrared, radiocarbon, and stable isotope analyses to investigate the purity of cellulose extracted from wood using a rapid processing technique. Replicate laboratory standards processed using ...the standard Brendel method are not significantly different with respect to δ18O from those prepared using traditional techniques, although the process does result in a slight acetylation of the wood samples. Radiocarbon comparisons, however, show significant differences. We conclude that the standard Brendel method is appropriate for developing stable isotope time series for high-resolution isotope dendroclimatology but must be used with caution for precision radiocarbon measurements.
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