Introduction The speckle tracking ultrasound is an innovative technology enabling distinct assessment of diaphragmatic movement, yet the relative data are scarce. In this pilot study, we sought to ...evaluate the predictive value of the weaning outcome of automatic speckle tracking in assessing diaphragm excursion. Methods This is a prospective, multicenter, observational study. A total of 160 critically ill subjects underwent speckle-tracking ultrasonography of the right/left hemidiaphragm before the spontaneous breathing trial. Meanwhile, the diaphragm excursion and velocity values were measured manually by M-mode ultrasound. Patients were divided into weaning-failure and weaning-success groups. The correlation was assessed between automatic and manual measurement, and the diagnostic efficacy of automatic measured excursion and velocity for predicting weaning outcome was analyzed. Results A total of 88 patients completed the follow-up of the weaning outcome. The overall incidence of weaning failure was 43.18%. There was a significant correlation between the automatic measurement of mean excursion and velocity assessed by speckle tracking imaging and manual measurement (R 0.69 and 0.65, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the mean excursion and diaphragmatic velocity exhibited high diagnostic values for prolonged weaning area under the ROC curve (AUROC) 0.824 and 0.786, respectively. The diaphragmatic excursion showed moderate diagnostic value for predicting both weaning failure and in-hospital death/withdrawal of treatment (AUROC 0.659 and 0.653, respectively). Conclusion Automatic speckle tracking analysis of the diaphragm showed high consistency with conventional manual ultrasound measures. Diaphragmatic excursion and its excursion velocity helped predict mechanical ventilation weaning failure, prolonged weaning, as well as in-hospital adverse outcomes, which served as a reliable tool in guiding clinical weaning strategy. Key message Automatic speckle tracking analysis of the diaphragm showed high consistency with conventional manual ultrasound measures. Diaphragmatic excursion and its excursion velocity helped predict mechanical ventilation weaning failure, prolonged weaning, as well as in-hospital adverse outcomes. Keywords: Speckle tracking ultrasound, Diaphragmatic excursion, Weaning
Could nutritional status serve as prognostic factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? The present study evaluated the clinical and nutritional characteristics of COVID-19 patients and ...explored the relationship between risk for malnutrition at admission and in-hospital mortality. A retrospective, observational study was conducted in two hospitals in Hubei, China. Confirmed cases of COVID-19 were typed as mild/moderate, severe, or critically ill. Clinical data and in-hospital death were collected. The risk for malnutrition was assessed using the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) via objective parameters at admission. Two hundred ninety-five patients were enrolled, including 66 severe patients and 41 critically ill patients. Twenty-five deaths were observed, making 8.47% in the whole population and 37.88% in the critically ill subgroup. Patients had significant differences in nutrition-related parameters and inflammatory biomarkers among three types of disease severity. Patients with lower GNRI and PNI, as well as higher CONUT scores, had a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. The receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated the good prognostic implication of GNRI and CONUT score. The multivariate logistic regression showed that baseline nutritional status, assessed by GNRI, PNI, or CONUT score, was a prognostic indicator for in-hospital mortality. Despite variant screening tools, poor nutritional status was associated with in-hospital death in patients infected with COVID-19. This study highlighted the importance of nutritional screening at admission and the new insight of nutritional monitoring or therapy.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
To observe if blood return, also defined as the blood infusion test (BIT) could predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure and renal replacement therapy ...(RRT).
This was a single-center, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study. Before BIT, the passive leg raise test (PLRT) was performed to record the change of cardiac output (ΔCO) by pulse contour analysis, and ΔCO > = 10% was defined as the fluid responder. Meanwhile, the change in velocity time integral (ΔVTI) was recorded by ultrasound. Later, the ΔCO and ΔVTI during BIT were recorded 5-10 min after PLRT. The receiver-operating characteristic curves of ΔCO and ΔVTI of BIT were performed in predicting the fluid responder defined by PLRT.
A total of 43 patients with acute circulatory failure undergoing RRT were enrolled in the present study, and 25 patients (58.1%) were recognized as responders during PLRT. According to the receiver-operating characteristic curves, the cutoff value of ΔCO was 10% and ΔVTI was 9% during BIT with the area under curve of 0.96 and 0.94, respectively.
BIT in RRT could identify fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock.
ChiCTR-DDD-17010534. Registered on 30/01/2017 (retrospective registration).
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a major adverse complication of intravascular administration of contrast medium. Current studies have shown that hypoalbuminemia might be a novel ...risk factor of CA-AKI. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of hypoalbuminemia for CA-AKI. Relevant studies were identified in Ovid-Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to December 31, 2019. Two authors independently screened studies, consulting with a third author when necessary to resolve discrepancies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated to assess the association between hypoalbuminemia and CA-AKI using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model. Eight relevant studies involving a total of 18 687 patients met our inclusion criteria. The presence of hypoalbuminemia was associated with an increased risk of CA-AKI development (pooled OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.80-3.73). Hypoalbuminemia is independently associated with the occurrence of CA-AKI and may be a potentially modifiable factor for clinical intervention. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020168104).
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Digital health tools (WeChat or mobile health apps) provide opportunities for new methods of hypertension management for hypertensive patients. However, the willingness of these patients to use ...social media and mobile health apps for hypertension management remains unclear. This study explored the characteristics and requirements of patients willing to use digital health (WDH) tools to manage hypertension.
From February to March 2018, we administered questionnaires to 1089 patients with hypertension at eight Chinese primary medical units. We assessed independent risk factors of WDH and requirement among WDH patients.
Overall, 43% (465/1089) of participants were WDH patients, who were younger (58 ± 12 vs 61 ± 13 years) and had a greater proportion of employed individuals (31% vs 14%) and higher education levels (65% vs 52%) than the non-WDH patients (all P < 0.0001). After adjusting for other risk factors, higher education (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34-0.79), good medicine adherence (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.0-2.3) and blood pressure self-monitoring (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.3) remained significantly associated with WDH (all P < 0.05). WDH patients responded that digital health tools should try to provide a platform for blood pressure monitoring (42%), medication reminders (41%), hypertension knowledge (39%) and doctor-patient communication (32%).
Our survey suggested that among hypertensive patients, willingness to use digital health tools was significantly associated with education, medicine adherence and blood pressure self-monitoring. Digital health tool developers and researchers should pay particular attention to recruiting older, less educated and unemployed patients with less willingness and who are less technologically savvy and research the requirements of WDH patients (blood pressure monitoring, medication reminders, and knowledge education) in the future.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) contributes toward unfavorable clinical outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). We will assess whether hyperuricemia is an ...independent predictor of CI-AKI and outcomes in patients undergoing pPCI.
Our study is a secondary analysis for the database from ATTEMPT study, enrolling 560 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing pPCI. Patients will be divided into 2 groups according to the admission serum uric acid (SUA) level. Hyperuricemia will be defined as a SUA level > 7 mg/dL (417 mmol/L) in males and > 6 mg/dL (357 mmol/L) in females. The primary endpoint was CI-AKI, defined as > 25% or 0.5 mg/dL increase in serum creatinine from baseline during the first 48-72 h post-procedurally. Multivariate analyses for CI-AKI and long-term mortality will be performed using the logistic regression and Cox regression analyses, respectively.
This study will determine the predictive value of hyperuricemia for the development of CI-AKI and outcomes in patients with STEMI undergoing pPCI. We predict that hyperuricemia will be associated with a risk of CI-AKI in patients with pPCI. Furthermore, after adjusting for other variables, long-term mortality after pPCI may be higher in those with hyperuricemia than in those with normouricemia. Results of this study may provide scientific evidence for the effect of hyperuricemia on CI-AKI and long-term outcomes, thereby offering the potential possibility of lowering SUA on the development of CI-AKI and outcomes.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02067195, Registered on 20 February 2014.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
IntroductionIdentifying the patients who are at risk for contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), which is defined as an increase in serum creatinine after exposure to contrast media, is a ...critical step in targeted prevention strategies. The absolute and relative importance of individual risk factors have not been systematically evaluated, let alone the new, controversial and modifiable risk factors of CI-AKI.Methods and analysisOn 1 July 2019, a search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. We will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the important risk factors for developing CI-AKI, including those new, modifiable factors, which are considered controversial. The secondary endpoint will be all-cause mortality. Two authors will then independently screen studies that meet the criteria for inclusion, consulting with a third author to resolve any dispute. The quality of the included studies will be assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval in this systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is not needed. We will disseminate the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis via publications in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019121534
Risk stratification is recommended as the key step to prevent contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) among at-risk patients following coronary angiography (CAG) and/or percutaneous coronary ...intervention (PCI). Patients with hypoalbuminemia are prone to CA-AKI and do not have their own risk stratification tool. Therefore, this study developed and validated a new model for predicting CA-AKI among hypoalbuminemia patients CAG/PCI.
1272 patients with hypoalbuminemia receiving CAG/PCI were enrolled and randomly allocated (2:1 ratio) into the development cohort (n = 848) and the validation cohort (n = 424). CA-AKI was defined as an increase of ≥0.3 mg/dL or 50% in serum creatinine (SCr) compared to baseline in the 48 to 72 h after CAG/PCI. A prediction model was established with independent predictors according to stepwise logistic regression, showing as a nomogram. The discrimination of the new model was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) and was compared to the classic Mehran CA-AKI model. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was conducted to assess the calibration of our model.
Overall, 8.4% (71/848) patients of the development group and 11.2% (48/424) patients of the validation group experienced CA-AKI. A new nomogram included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum albumin (ALB), age and the use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP); showed better predictive ability than the Mehran score (C-index 0.756 vs. 0.693, p = 0.02); and had good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test p = 0.187).
We developed a simple model for predicting CA-AKI among patients with hypoalbuminemia undergoing CAG/PCI, but our findings need validating externally.
http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01400295 , retrospectively registered 21 July 2011.
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) contributes toward unfavorable clinical outcomes. Oral hydration with water is inexpensive and it may be effective in the prevention of CI-AKI, but its ...efficacy among patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unknown.
Our study is a secondary analysis on the database from the ATTEMPT study. We enrolled ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary PCI. Eligible patients received peri-procedural aggressive (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure-guided) or routine (≤ 500 mL) intravenous hydration with an isotonic solution (0.9% NaCl) with randomization. The primary endpoint was CI-AKI, defined as a > 25% or 0.5 mg/dL increase in serum creatinine from baseline during the first 48-72 h post-procedurally. All patients drank unrestricted amounts of fluids freely, the volume of which was recorded until 24 h following primary PCI. Oral hydration volume/weight (OHV/W) ratios were calculated. The association between post-procedural oral hydration (quartiles) and CI-AKI was assessed using multivariable analysis controlling for confounders, including intravenous hydration strategies.
Our study determined the effects of post-procedural oral hydration on CI-AKI following primary PCI, which is a potential strategy for CI-AKI prevention among patients with STEMI at very high risk.
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02067195 . Registered on 21 February 2014.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Introduction:
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) reduce mortality among heart failure (HF) patients, but their effect among those complicating contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) ...remains unexplored. We aimed to investigate whether the relationship between RASi prescription at discharge and mortality differs between HF patients with or without CI-AKI following coronary angiography (CAG).
Methods:
About 596 HF patients from an observational cohort were divided into a CI-AKI group (n = 104) and a non-CI-AKI group (n = 492) based on whether they had CI-AKI following CAG. The endpoint was all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox regression was performed in each group to explore the associations between RASi at discharge and mortality.
Results:
During the median follow-up time of 2.26 (1.70; 3.24) years, higher mortality rate was observed in the CI-AKI group compared to the non-CI-AKI group (18.3% vs 8.9%, p = 0.002). Among HF patients with CI-AKI, after adjusting for confounding factors, the association was not significant between RASi prescription at discharge and mortality (HR: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.12–1.31, p = 0.128), while it was among those without CI-AKI (HR: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.18–0.84, p = 0.016).
Conclusion:
RASi prescription at discharge for HF patients complicating CI-AKI tended to be ineffective, while it benefited those without CI-AKI. Further randomized evidence is needed to confirm this trend.
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