FATORES E IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS EM SOLOS PRAIANOS Conceição, Mário Marcos Moreira da; Silva, Ana Claudia de Sousa Da; Carneiro, Caio César Abreu ...
Brazilian Journal of Development,
2020, Volume:
6, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Abstracts from ISSN Brazil Andre Barroso Heibel; Pedro Henrique Lopes Perim; Saunders, Bryan ...
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition,
03/2017, Volume:
14
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Andre Barroso Heibel1, Pedro Henrique Lopes Perim2,3, Bryan Saunders2 1Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil; 2Applied ...Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil; 3Sao Camilo University Centre, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04263-200 Brazil Correspondence: Bryan Saunders (drbryansaunders@outlook.com) Background Agents capable of increasing extracellular buffering capacity to combat exercise induced acidosis have been researched for the better part of a century. Sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate and sodium/calcium lactate supplementation all result in increased circulating bicarbonate and have independently been shown to improve exercise capacity and performance. And yet evidence regarding the efficacy of these buffering agents is inconsistent and recent developments are providing novel information to suggest that current dosing strategies may be suboptimal for some individuals. Method Literature data were reviewed seeking articles published until October 2016 using the following terms: “buffering”, “sodium bicarbonate”, “sodium citrate” or “sodium/calcium lactate”. Experimental trials and review papers were selected to be analyzed. Studies and sample characteristics, biochemical markers, and performance parameters according to supplement intake were appraised. Results Sodium bicarbonate effects are well established, although high intra- and inter individual variability in the exercise responses to supplementation exist and may be influenced by associated side-effects. A recent study showed that individuals differ substantially in the time at which they attain peak bicarbonate levels in blood, suggesting the need to individualise supplement timing. Sodium citrate appears to demonstrate an inefficacy to improve exercise capacity and performance. However, novel data suggests that previous research is limited by supplementation timing and side-effects, meaning further investigation is needed to establish its effects on exercise using a more optimal dosing strategy. Evidence to support the use of lactate supplementation as a buffering agent to improve exercise is scarce and contradictory. Research has shown large (+17%), moderate (+1.7%) or no improvements in exercise following supplementation. Emerging evidence from our laboratory suggest that chronic supplementation with calcium lactate does not increase blood buffering capacity or improve high-intensity exercise performance, casting doubt on its efficacy as an ergogenic aid. Conclusion Sodium bicarbonate’s ergogenic potential is clear, although the contributing factors to variability in responses warrants further investigation. The efficacy of sodium citrate and lactate supplementation to improve exercise is unclear and controversial; more well controlled investigations are necessary to elucidate their ability to improve buffering capacity and subsequent exercise. In conclusion, more research is required to determine how to optimise supplementation of all these buffering agents to increase the likelihood of an improved exercise capacity or performance
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