High-fat (HF) diet consumption has been associated with gut dysbiosis and increased risk of dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Probiotic administration has been suggested as a ...safe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. This study was designed to assess the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus (L.) fermentum 296, a fruit-derived bacteria strain, against cardiometabolic disorders induced by HF diet.
Male Wistar rats were divided into control diet (CTL); HF diet; and HF diet treated with Lactobacillus fermentum 296 (HF + Lf 296). The L. fermentum 296 strain at 1 × 109 colony forming units (CFU)/ml were daily administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks. The results showed that rats fed with HF diet displayed insulin resistance, reduced Lactobacillus spp. counts in feces, serum lipids, and oxidative profile. Rats fed on HF diet also demonstrated augmented blood pressure associated with sympathetic hyperactivity and impaired baroreflex control. The administration of L. fermentum 296 for 4 weeks recovered fecal Lactobacillus sp. counts and alleviated hyperlipidemia, sympathetic hyperactivity, and reduced systolic blood pressure in HF rats without affecting baroreflex sensibility.
Our results suggest the ability of L. fermentum 296 improve biochemical and cardiovascular parameters altered in cardiometabolic disorders.
•High fat consumption is a risk factor for dysbiosis, dyslipidemias and hypertension.•L. fermentum 296 recovered fecal Lactobacillus counts and alleviated hyperlipidemia in high fat diet-treated rats.•L. fermentum 296 reduced sympathetic hyperactivity and systolic blood pressure in high fat diet treated rats.•L. fermentum 296 exhibit qualities to be translated into nutritional approaches to prevent or treat cardiometabolic disease.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this paper, we report the synthesis of silver selenite (Ag2SeO3) by different methods sonochemistry, ultrasonic probe, coprecipitation, and microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods. These ...microcrystals presented a structural long-range order as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinements and a structural short-range order as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provided information about the surface of the samples indicating that they were pure. The microcrystals presented different morphologies and sizes due to the synthesis method as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The optical properties of these microcrystals were evaluated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Thermal analysis confirmed the temperature stability of the as-synthetized samples. Further trapping experiments prove that the holes and hydroxyl radicals, to a minor extent, are responsible for the photocatalytic reactions. The experimental results are sustained by first-principles calculations, at the density functional theory (DFT) level, to decipher the structural parameters, electronic properties of the bulk, and surfaces of Ag2SeO3. By matching the experimental FE-SEM images and theoretical morphologies, we are capable of finding a correlation between the morphology and photocatalytic activity, along with photodegradation of the Rhodamine B dye under UV light, based on the different numbers of unsaturated superficial Ag and Se cations (local coordination, i.e., clusters) of each surface.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
This work reports how the immobilization of Fe2(MoO4)3 in chitosan films affects the oxidation reaction of sulfide derivatives to sulfates in the dark, resulting in good yields and excellent ...selectivity. As demonstrated, a variety of substituted sulfides were tolerated even in the presence of oxidative‐sensitive functional groups, leading to a regioselective application of the catalyst under mild reaction conditions and guaranteeing its reuse for at least 6 cycles without losing its catalytic performance. Specifically, films containing 1 mg of Fe2(MoO4)3 per ml of chitosan showed a yield and selectivity of 99 %. The key success of the selective oxidation was associated with the presence of the hydroxyl radical, ⋅OH, and the Fe3+/Fe2+ Fenton‐like process. As a proof of concept, the selective oxidation of sulfides to the corresponding sulfones was performed to demonstrate the synergistic effect between Fe2(MoO4)3 and chitosan. This work offers a design strategy for efficient catalysts that may extend to other semiconductors and oxidation processes.
Catalyst for the selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfones: Oxidation of sulfide to sulfone is an important process in organic chemistry, considering the role of sulfone in fine chemical industry and biological compounds. Therefore, green oxidation and a selective catalyst is desirable. On that matter, Fe2(MoO4)3 immobilized I chitosan films was synthesized and applied on a group of sulfides, resulting in higher conversion to sulfone and great recyclability.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective: to investigate the monocyte count and its association with nutritional status in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out ...at a Neurodevelopmental Center in the south of Brazil, with 68 ASD patients aged 3 to 18 years. The number of monocytes (per mm3) was determined in blood samples. Nutritional status was defined as BMI-for-age according to WHO standards. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire and a standard questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were administered to caregivers. Comparisons between sociodemographic, clinical, and eating behavior variables were performed with parametric tests. Linear regression was used to test the association between nutritional status and monocyte count. Results: mean age was 8.6 ± 3.3 years, 79 % were males and 66 % were overweight. In the unadjusted regression overweight was associated with higher monocyte counts compared to those non-overweight (B: 64.0; 95 % CI, 13.9 to 114.1; β: 0.30, p = 0.01). This association remained significant after adjustment for the subscale of "emotional overeating" (B: 37.0; 95 % CI, 17.1 to 91.3; β: 0.29; p = 0.02). The variability in monocyte count attributed to overweight was 14 %. Conclusions: overweight is associated with a higher monocyte count in children and adolescents with ASD. Nutritional intervention to control overweight is essential to mitigate the negative impact on inflammatory activity and immune dysfunction in these patients.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, we report the synthesis of silver selenite (Ag
SeO
) by different methods sonochemistry, ultrasonic probe, coprecipitation, and microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods. These ...microcrystals presented a structural long-range order as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinements and a structural short-range order as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provided information about the surface of the samples indicating that they were pure. The microcrystals presented different morphologies and sizes due to the synthesis method as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The optical properties of these microcrystals were evaluated by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Thermal analysis confirmed the temperature stability of the as-synthetized samples. Further trapping experiments prove that the holes and hydroxyl radicals, to a minor extent, are responsible for the photocatalytic reactions. The experimental results are sustained by first-principles calculations, at the density functional theory (DFT) level, to decipher the structural parameters, electronic properties of the bulk, and surfaces of Ag
SeO
. By matching the experimental FE-SEM images and theoretical morphologies, we are capable of finding a correlation between the morphology and photocatalytic activity, along with photodegradation of the Rhodamine B dye under UV light, based on the different numbers of unsaturated superficial Ag and Se cations (local coordination, i.e., clusters) of each surface.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Summary
Nafion membranes were prepared by incorporating in the polymer matrix the 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium (BMI+) ionic liquid cation at different doping levels. Increasing the doping time of the ...membranes with the ionic liquid results in increased incorporation of the BMI+ cation but a decrease in the bulk conductivity. The thermogravimetric analysis shows that the BMI+ cation incorporation increases the thermal stability of the membranes. The higher discharge efficiency of the fuel cell at 80°C was obtained by using Nafion membrane after 15 minutes of doping in the ionic liquid solution.
Study on the impact of doping time with ionic liquid on properties of Nafion membrane.
The doping of the Nafion membrane with BMI.BF4 ionic liquid improves the thermal stability and the conductivity of the membrane.
Improvements on the fuel cell performance by ionic liquid doping are discussed.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper demonstrates that femtosecond laser-irradiated Fe2O3 materials containing a mixture of α-Fe2O3 and ε-Fe2O3 phases showed significant improvement in their photoelectrochemical performance ...and magnetic and optical properties. The absence of Raman-active vibrational modes in the irradiated samples and the changes in charge carrier emission observed in the photocurrent density results indicate an increase in the density of defects and distortions in the crystalline lattice when compared to the nonirradiated ones. The magnetization measurements at room temperature for the nonirradiated samples revealed a weak ferromagnetic behavior, whereas the irradiated samples exhibited a strong one. The optical properties showed a reduction in the band gap energy and a higher conductivity for the irradiated materials, causing a higher current density. Due to the high performance observed, it can be applied in dye-sensitized solar cells and water splitting processes. Quantum mechanical calculations based on density functional theory are in accordance with the experimental results, contributing to the elucidation of the changes caused by femtosecond laser irradiation at the molecular level, evaluating structural, energetic, and vibrational frequency parameters. The surface simulations enable the construction of a diagram that elucidates the changes in nanoparticle morphologies.
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•T. grandiflorum cultivation in the Brazilian Amazon is essential for traditional communities’ bioeconomy and environmental preservation.•Studies based on genetic engineering search ...for developing new varieties to improve productivity and fruit quality.•The fruits provide raw material for different kinds of food and beverages demonstrating T. grandiflorum potential for industrial application.•Rich in bioactive compounds, the fruits stand out as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents guiding new studies to development of functional foods.•Bromatological information, volatile and non-volatile composition and pharmacological potentials of this fruit were summarized.
The Amazon region is known for its continental dimension, water abundance, and especially for the rich biodiversity that this biome hosts. Among the thousands of plant species in the Amazon, many represent food sources. Among these, cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K.Schum.) stands out as an iconic fruit with an exotic flavor, appreciated for its remarkable organoleptic properties. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive description of its biology, agronomical uses, nutritional values, chemical compositions, medicinal properties, and industrial applications. The search based on scientific articles demonstrates T. grandiflorum as a valuable ingredient for the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors. Data analysis demonstrates that cupuaçu cultivation and processing contribute to the strengthening of local production chains and promotes the development of small communities, and thus the bioeconomy in the Amazon region. In this sense, since the last decade, cultivar improvement has required multidisciplinary efforts, resulting in disease-resistant plants with better productivity. Regarding its chemical composition, T. grandiflorum is a notable source of methylxanthine alkaloids, polyphenols, aroma compounds, and lipids. The presence of these compounds supports the use of cupuaçu in various products and help us to understand the potential health benefits of its consumption. Through the integration of all collected information, key gaps in basic and applied sciences were observed, highlighting the need for more research to uncover novel applications and products of T. grandiflorum. The development of new products based on biodiversity is fundamental to promoting environmental and economic sustainability, which are key steps to the survival of the Amazon rainforest. Therefore, this work summarizes the knowledge on this source and sheds light on a food source that is little known outside of the Amazon borders.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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