Summary
Background
Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) is a multifactorial condition, which could be associated to occlusal and psychological factors, such as anxiety.
Objective
Investigate if anxiety ...and malocclusion are associated with the prevalence of TMD in adolescents.
Methods
To ensure a population‐based representative sample, 934 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years old from Curitiba‐PR, Brazil were randomly selected and examined according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and malocclusion by a single‐calibrated examiner (Kappa > 0.80). Anxiety was assessed according to trait anxiety (STAI‐T), categorised as high, moderate and low levels. For occlusal exam, it was considered: Angel's molar relationship, anterior and posterior crossbite, excessive overjet, open and deep bite. The associations were analysed by the crude and adjusted prevalence ration (RPa) of TMJ, calculated by a Poisson multivariate regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).
Results
The prevalence of at least one type of malocclusion was found in 52.3%. Anxiety was found in high level (12.2%), moderate (70.4%) and low (17.5%). Presence of high anxiety was significantly associated with the prevalence of TMD symptoms (RPa = 4.06, P < 0.001), as well as the prevalence of myofascial pain (RPa = 24.78; P < 0.001) and prevalence of disc displacement with reduction (RPa = 11.08, P < 0.001). Adolescents Class II had higher prevalence of myofascial pain (Class II RPa = 1.73; P < 0.015) than adolescents Class I. Adolescents Class III presented higher prevalence of myofascial pain (PRa 2.53; P = 0.004) than adolescents Class I.
Conclusion
Anxiety is strongly associated with TMD in adolescents. Presence of Class II or III is associated with higher prevalence of myofascial pain in adolescentsPLESAE check and approve the edit made in the article title.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is associated with unfavourable dental conditions such as dental caries and may consequently impact oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).
...Objective
To assess the impact of MIH on OHRQoL in children with early mixed dentition.
Method
A population‐based cross‐sectional study of 728 8‐year‐old children from the public school system in Curitiba, Brazil, was conducted. The Child Perception Questionnaire for 8‐ to 10‐year‐olds (CPQ8‐10) was used to evaluate OHRQoL. MIH was diagnosed according to the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. The assessments of MIH, dental caries, and malocclusion were performed by four calibrated examiners (κ ≥ 0.80). Demographic and socioeconomic data (DSE) were obtained from the children's parents/caregivers using a structured questionnaire. The analysis of OHRQoL determinants was performed through a three‐level hierarchical approach: mesial (DSE), intermediate (clinical conditions), and distal (child's oral self‐perception), using Poisson regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).
Results
The prevalence of MIH was 12.1% (95% CI: 10‐15). An association was found between MIH and OHRQoL in the “oral symptoms” domain of the CPQ8‐10 (PR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.11, P < 0.001) after adjusting for other clinical variables and DSE.
Conclusion
Molar incisor hypomineralization was associated with a greater impact on OHRQoL in children's oral symptoms.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective
To evaluate systemic exposures associated with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH).
Methods
This systematic review was performed using published observational studies that evaluated the ...systemic exposures associated with MIH. The sources of articles searched were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library and Grey literature. The risk of bias was analysed according to the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale for quality assessment. The meta‐analysis was performed considering the exposures during the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal periods using the CMA software.
Results
A total of 4207 articles were identified. Twenty‐nine studies were eligible for inclusion and 27 were included in the meta‐analysis. The studies presented low and moderate risks of bias, except for one that was classified as having a high risk of bias. Maternal illness during pregnancy (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.18‐1.65, P < 0.0001) and psychological stress (OR = 2.65; 95% CI 1.52‐4.63; P = 0.001) was observed to be significantly associated with higher odds of MIH. During the perinatal period, caesarean delivery (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.11‐1.57, P = 0.001) and delivery complications (OR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.47‐2.88, P < 0.0001) were also associated with MIH. In the postnatal period, only respiratory diseases (OR = 1.98; 95% CI 1.45‐2.70, P < 0.0001) and fever (OR = 1.50; 95% CI 1.22‐1.84; P < 0.0001) were associated with higher prevalence of MIH. The evidence was graded as very low quality.
Conclusions
Maternal illness, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, delivery complications, respiratory diseases and fever during the first years of a child's life were significantly associated with a higher odds of MIH. However, this should be interpreted with caution, once the primary studies were observational, with serious limitations according to the risk of bias, imprecision, and inconsistency. Further, well‐designed cohort studies are still required.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) increases during adolescence and adulthood. Few studies have examined TMD prevalence in Brazilian adolescents.
To investigate ...the prevalence of TMD in Brazilian adolescents.
A representative population-based sample of 934 adolescents (10-14-years-old) was examined. TMD screening was performed using a questionnaire by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. TMD diagnoses used research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD-Axis-I). Examinations were performed by a single calibrated examiner (kappa > 0.80).
The prevalence of TMD symptoms was 34.9%; the most frequently reported symptoms were headache and neck ache (20.9%), followed by joint sounds (18.5%). Myofascial pain was the most prevalent type (10.3%), followed by disc displacement with reduction (8.0%) and arthralgia (3.5%). There was a significant association between sex and TMD symptoms; prevalence was significantly higher in girls (RP = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.14-1.65; p = 0.001). Myofascial pain of TMD and displacement with reduction were more prevalent in girls (RP = 1.76; p = 0.007 and RP = 2.06; p = 0.004, respectively).
TMD symptoms were present in 34.9% of adolescents, with myofascial pain being the most prevalent type (10.3%). TMD was significantly more common in girls. Routine pediatric dental care should include a TMD screening.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Pain is a major consequence of caries, which negatively impacts the quality of life of children and their families.
Aim
To analyse the parental report of dental pain and discomfort in ...preschool children, and to identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated.
Design
This cross‐sectional study involved 375 four‐ and five‐year‐old preschoolers enrolled in the city of Campo Magro public school system, along with their parents and caregivers. Parents/caregivers answered the Brazilian version of the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ‐B) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Two examiners (kappa > 0.79) performed clinical examinations using dmf‐t and pufa index. The associations were statistically analysed by univariate and multiple Poisson regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).
Results
The prevalence of dental pain and discomfort was 70.3% (66%‐75% 95% CI). Children from non‐nuclear families (PRa 1.33; 95% CI: 1.01‐1.76) and whose parents presented a lower level of education (PRa 2.43; 95% CI 1.66‐3.55) presented a higher prevalence of dental pain or discomfort. Considering the clinical determinants, after adjusting, only the presence of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries (pufa ≥ 1) (PRa 1.37; 95% CI 1.02‐1.84) was significantly associated with higher dental pain or discomfort.
Conclusions
Dental pain and discomfort were associated with socioeconomic factors and with the presence of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Identifying patients with high levels of DA helps to define the most adequate oral healthcare strategy, especially for pediatric patients.
Aim
To investigate the association between ...parental reports of dental anxiety (DA) and molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren.
Design
A cross‐sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 731 8‐year‐old schoolchildren from the city of Curitiba, Brazil, who were clinically examined (k ≥ 0.75) for the diagnosis of MIH and dental caries using the EAPD criteria and dmft/DMFT index, respectively. Parents/guardians reported children's DA using the Dental Anxiety Question (DAQ) and answered a self‐administered structured questionnaire addressing socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Associations were evaluated using Poisson regression analysis with robust variance (P < 0.05).
Results
A significant association was found between DA and MIH (PR = 1.20; 95%CI: 1.01‐1.42; P = 0.038), but this association lost its significance when adjusted for the other characteristics (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 0.93‐1.38; P = 0.215). Caries experience in primary teeth was associated with lower levels of DA (PR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.71‐0.96; P = 0.0013). The most recent visit to the dentist due to pain increased the levels of DA (PR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.07‐1.30; P = 0.001).
Conclusions
The presence of MIH in schoolchildren was not associated with parental reports of DA.
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This study evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms in the melatonin receptor type 1 A gene are associated with sleep bruxism in a Brazilian population.
Individuals with suspected ...sleep-related problems were evaluated using polysomnography, following the recommendations proposed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples were collected, and three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the melatonin receptor type 1 A gene (rs13140012, rs6553010, and rs6847693) were selected and genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Chi-square and odds ratio tests were used to analyze genotypes and alleles individually, while using the plink software for haplotypes. A confidence interval of 95% was considered, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
This study included 48 individuals aged between 21 and 80 years, with 27 males and 21 females. From this sample, 17 individuals were diagnosed with sleep bruxism and 31 without bruxism. No associations were found between sleep bruxism and single nucleotide polymorphisms in either the genotypic, allelic, dominant, or recessive models (p > 0.05). Haplotype genetic analysis also did not reveal any association between single nucleotide polymorphisms and sleep bruxism (p > 0.05).
The genetic polymorphisms rs6553010, rs13140012, and rs6847693 were not associated with sleep bruxism in the studied population.
•Sleep bruxism likely comes from genetic/neurologic/living environment interactions.•Haplotype analysis did not associate the melatonin gene with sleep bruxism.•Melatonin Receptor Type 1A polymorphismas were not associated with sleep bruxism.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 12-month clinical performance of glass ionomer restorations in teeth with MIH. First permanent molars affected by MIH (48) were restored with glass ...ionomer cement (GIC) and evaluated at baseline, at 6 and at 12 months, by assessing tooth enamel breakdown, GIC breakdown and caries lesion associations. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and actuarial survival analysis. The likelihood of a restored tooth remaining unchanged at the end of 12 months was 78%. No statistically significant difference was observed in the association between increased MIH severity and caries at baseline (p > 0.05) for a 6-month period, or between increased MIH severity and previous unsatisfactory treatment at baseline (p > 0.05) for both a 6- and 12-month period. A statistically significant difference was observed in the association between increased MIH severity and extension of the restoration, involving 2 or more surfaces (p < 0.05) at both periods, and between increased MIH severity and caries at baseline (p < 0.05) at a 12-month period. Because the likelihood of maintaining the tooth structures with GIC restorations is high, invasive treatment should be postponed until the child is sufficiently mature to cooperate with the treatment, mainly of teeth affected on just one face.
Objective: To Determine whether possible sleep bruxism (PSB) is associated with daytime oral habits and sleep behavior in schoolchildren.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a ...representative sample of 8-to-10-year-old children (n = 544). The Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) was administered to evaluate sleep behavior. Daytime oral habits were evaluated using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening.
Results: The prevalence of PSB was 21% and was significantly higher in children with reports of awake bruxism (p < .001; PR = 2.76; 95% CI: 2.01-3.79), snoring (p < .001; PR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.41-2.65), and sucking/biting the lips daily (p = .034; PR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.08-2.78). No socioeconomic characteristics were associated with PSB in the final model.
Conclusion: Possible sleep bruxism in schoolchildren is associated with possible awake bruxism, snoring, sleep fragmentation, and daytime sleepiness
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CMK, IJS, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of this study was to investigate the segregation patterns of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in families, given the evidence that its etiology is influenced by genetics. Clinically, ...MIH may be detected in parents and/or siblings of MIH-affected children. Our study included children with at least one first permanent molar affected by MIH (proband) and their first-degree relatives (parents and siblings). The participants were examined clinically to detect MIH, according to the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria (2003). A total of 101 nuclear families (391 individuals) were studied. Proband diagnosis was followed by MIH classification of the subject, his parents and siblings, as affected, unaffected, or unknown. Segregation analysis was performed using the multivariate logistic regression model of the Statistical Analysis for Genetic Epidemiology package, and segregation models (general transmission, environmental, major gene, dominant, codominant and recessive models). The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to evaluate the most parsimonious model. In all, 130 affected individuals, 165 unaffected individuals, and 96 unknown individuals were studied. Severe MIH was found in 50.7% of the cases. A segregation analysis performed for MIH revealed the following different models: environmental and dominance (p = 0.05), major gene (p = 0.04), codominant (p = 0.15) and recessive models (p = 0.03). According to the AIC values, the codominant model was the most parsimonious (AIC = 308.36). Our results suggest that the codominant model could be the most likely for inheriting MIH. This result strengthens the evidence that genetic factors, such as multifactorial complex defect, influence MIH.
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