A potassium–sulfur battery using K+‐conducting beta‐alumina as the electrolyte to separate a molten potassium metal anode and a sulfur cathode is presented. The results indicate that the battery can ...operate at as low as 150 °C with excellent performance. This study demonstrates a new type of high‐performance metal–sulfur battery that is ideal for grid‐scale energy‐storage applications.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Pyrolysis of earth‐abundant wood yields to ultra‐thick, low‐tortuosity, and mesoporous carbon anodes for sodium‐ion batteries. Such a low‐tortuosity and porous structure promotes electrolyte ...diffusion and provides fast transport channels for Na ions, which enables a high areal capacity.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This work studied hybrid batteries assembled with a Mg metal anode, a Li(+) ion intercalation cathode and a dual-salt electrolyte containing Mg(2+) and Li(+) ions. We show that such hybrid batteries ...were able to combine the advantages of Li and Mg electrochemistry. They delivered outstanding rate performance (83% capacity retention at 15 C) with superior safety and stability (~5% fade for 3000 cycles).
Solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) films with controllable properties are highly desirable for improving battery performance. In this paper, a combined experimental and theoretical approach is used ...to study SEI films formed on hard carbon in Li‐ and Na‐ion batteries. It is shown that a stable SEI layer can be designed by precycling an electrode in a desired Li‐ or Na‐based electrolyte, and that ionic transport can be kinetically controlled. Selective Li‐ and Na‐based SEI membranes are produced using Li‐ or Na‐based electrolytes, respectively. The Na‐based SEI allows easy transport of Li ions, while the Li‐based SEI shuts off Na‐ion transport. Na‐ion storage can be manipulated by tuning the SEI layer with film‐forming electrolyte additives, or by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface. The Na specific capacity can be controlled to < 25 mAh g−1; ≈ 1/10 of the normal capacity (250 mAh g−1). Unusual selective/preferential transport of Li ions is demonstrated by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface and corroborated with a mixed electrolyte. This work may provide new guidance for preparing good ion‐selective conductors using electrochemical approaches.
Selective Li‐ and Na‐based solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) membranes can be designed by precycling an electrode in a desired Li‐ or Na‐based electrolyte. Na‐based SEI membranes allow easy transport of Li ions, while Li‐based SEI membranes shut off Na‐ion transport. Therefore, Na‐ion storage in hard carbon can be controlled by tuning the SEI layer, while Li‐ion intercalation is not affected.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Sodium-metal halide batteries have been considered as one of the more attractive technologies for stationary electrical energy storage, however, they are not used for broader applications despite ...their relatively well-known redox system. One of the roadblocks hindering market penetration is the high-operating temperature. Here we demonstrate that planar sodium-nickel chloride batteries can be operated at an intermediate temperature of 190 °C with ultra-high energy density. A specific energy density of 350 Wh kg(-1), higher than that of conventional tubular sodium-nickel chloride batteries (280 °C), is obtained for planar sodium-nickel chloride batteries operated at 190 °C over a long-term cell test (1,000 cycles), and it attributed to the slower particle growth of the cathode materials at the lower operating temperature. Results reported here demonstrate that planar sodium-nickel chloride batteries operated at an intermediate temperature could greatly benefit this traditional energy storage technology by improving battery energy density, cycle life and reducing material costs.
This work describes the synthesis of Chevrel phase Mo6S8 nanocubes and its application as the anode material for rechargeable Zn-ion batteries. Mo6S8 can host Zn2+ ions reversibly in both aqueous and ...nonaqueous electrolytes with specific capacities around 90 mAh/g, and exhibited remarkable intercalation kinetics and cyclic stability. In addition, we assembled full cells by integrating Mo6S8 anodes with zinc-polyiodide (I–/I3 –)–based catholytes, and demonstrated that such full cells were also able to deliver outstanding rate performance and cyclic stability. This first demonstration of a zinc-intercalating anode could inspire the design of advanced Zn-ion batteries.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
This review focuses on the Na wetting challenges and relevant strategies regarding stabilizing sodium-metal anodes in sodium-metal batteries (SMBs). The Na anode is the essential component of three ...key energy storage systems, including molten SMBs (i.e., intermediate-temperature Na-S and ZEBRA batteries), all-solid-state SMBs, and conventional SMBs using liquid electrolytes. We begin with a general description of issues encountered by different SMB systems and point out the common challenge in Na wetting. We detail the emerging strategies of improving Na wettability and stabilizing Na metal anodes for the three types of batteries, with the emphasis on discussing various types of tactics developed for SMBs using liquid electrolytes. We conclude with a discussion of the overlooked yet critical aspects (Na metal utilization, N/P ratio, critical current density, etc.) in the existing strategies for an individual battery system and propose promising areas (anolyte incorporation and catholyte modifications for lower-temperature molten SMBs, cell evaluation under practically relevant current density and areal capacity, etc.) that we believe to be the most urgent for further pursuit. Comprehensive investigations combining complementary post-mortem, in situ, and operando analyses to elucidate cell-level structure-performance relations are advocated.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
It is widely recognized that Al plays a dual role in the fabrication of garnet-type solid electrolytes, i.e., as a dopant that stabilizes the cubic structure and a sintering aid that facilitates the ...densification. However, the sintering effect of Al2O3 has not been well understood so far because Al is typically “unintentionally” introduced into the sample from the crucible during the fabrication process. In this study, we have investigated the sintering effect of Al on the phase composition, microstructure, and ionic conductivity of Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 by using an Al-free crucible and intentionally adding various amounts of γ-Al2O3. It was found that the densification of Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 occurred via liquid-phase sintering, with evidence of morphology change among different compositions. Among all of the compositions, samples with 0.05mol Al per unit formula of garnet oxide (i.e., 0.3wt% Al2O3) exhibited the optimal microstructure and the highest total ionic conductivity of 5×10−4Scm−1 at room temperature.
•Effect of γ-Al2O3 on the sintering of Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 has been investigated.•Densification of Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 occurred via liquid-phase sintering.•Sample with 0.05 mol Al per unit formula exhibited the optimal microstructure and highest performance.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
A magnesium–lithium (Mg–Li) hybrid battery consists of an Mg metal anode, a Li+ intercalation cathode, and a dual-salt electrolyte with both Mg2+ and Li+ ions. The demonstration of this technology ...has appeared in literature for few years and great advances have been achieved in terms of electrolytes, various Li cathodes, and cell architectures. Despite excellent battery performances including long cycle life, fast charge/discharge rate, and high Coulombic efficiency, the overall research of Mg–Li hybrid battery technology is still in its early stage, and also raised some debates on its practical applications. In this regard, we focus on a comprehensive overview of Mg–Li hybrid battery technologies developed in recent years. Detailed discussion of Mg–Li hybrid operating mechanism based on experimental results from literature helps to identify the current status and technical challenges for further improving the performance of Mg–Li hybrid batteries. Finally, a perspective for Mg–Li hybrid battery technologies is presented to address strategic approaches for existing technical barriers that need to be overcome in future research direction.
Full text
Available for:
CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
PDF
