The suborder Jungermanniineae of the Jungermanniales is a major lineage of leafy liverworts, recognized in recent classifications to include 15 families. Gametophytes within the suborder are ...morphologically diverse, but commonly anisophyllous to distichous, usually with succubous, rarely transverse or incubuous, leaf insertions. Sporophytes are frequently, but not universally, enclosed by stemderived perigynia or coelocaules, often accompanied by perianth reduction or loss and some level of geocauly or marsupial development. We herein provide the first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of this geographically widespread suborder, using sequences generated from one nuclear (rpb2), two mitochondrial (nad1 and rps3), and seven plastid (atpB, psbA, psbT-H, rbcL, rps4, trnG and trnL) loci, sampled from 279 accessions representing 163 species in 57 genera. Ancestral states were reconstructed for 14 morphological characters generally considered taxonomically diagnostic for families in the suborder. Our phylogenetic analyses support the return of Leiomylia (=Mylia anomala) to the Myliaceae, removal of Myliaceae from the Jungermanniineae, and validation of the monogeneric suborder Myliineae subord. nov. to house it. Eighteen families are recognized within the Jungermanniineae, nine of which are monogeneric; namely, Endogemmataceae, Harpanthaceae, Gyrothyraceae, Arnelliaceae, Saccogynaceae, Geocalycaceae, Jackiellaceae, Notoscyphaceae stat. nov., and Trichotemnomaceae. The generic compositions of other families are modified as follows: Saccogynidium is transferred from Geocalycaceae to a newly named subfamily of Acrobolbaceae, Acrobolbaceae subf. Saccogynidioideae, and one other subfamily of the Acrobolbaceae is validated, Acrobolbaceae subf. Austrolophozioideae;Hygrobiella is included in Antheliaceae (previously in Cephaloziaceae or its own family); Jungermanniaceae is broadened to include Mesoptychiaceae and Delavayellaceae; Cryptocoleopsis and Nardia are transferred from Solenostomataceae to Gymnomitriaceae; Gottschelia, Herzogobryum, and Nothogymnomitrion are excluded from the Jungermanniineae; Solenostomataceae is recognized to include Solenostoma, Arctoscyphus, Cryptocolea, and Diplocolea. Additional nomenclatural changes include recognizing Horikawaella as a synonym of Solenostoma and Apomarsupella as a synonym of Gymnomitrion, establishing two new subgenera of Solenostoma, Solenostomasubg. Metasolenostoma and Solenostoma subg. Eucalyx, and transferring Jungermannia conchata to Cephalozia. Morphological character state reconstructions identify dioecious inflorescences, gametangia on leading stems, flagelliform or stoloniferous branches absent, dorsal leaf insertions not overlapping the stem midline, large underleaves, and lack of gemmae as ancestral within the Jungermanniineae. All morphological characters appear to be moderately to highly homoplasious within the suborder.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
A phylogenetic arrangement of the 130 liverwort genera, comprising 582 species, that occur in North America north of Mexico is followed by an alphabetical synopsis of genera, species, subspecies, and ...varieties currently recognized. The treatment of each taxon includes pertinent synonyms, excluded names, and explanatory comments regarding currently accepted changes in taxon names and authors. Such updating has required making nine new combinations, as follows: Fuscocephaloziopsis connivens (Dicks.) Váňa & L. Söderstr. var. bifida (R. M. Schust.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; F. connivens (Dicks.) Váňa & L. Söderstr. var. compacta (Warnst.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; F. pleniceps (Austin) Lindb. var. sphagnorum (C. Massal.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Isopaches bicrenatus (Schmidel ex Hoffm.) H. Buch var. immersus (R.M. Schust. & Damsh.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Mesoptychia badensis (Gottsche ex Rabenh.) L. Söderstr. & Váňa var. apiculata (R. M. Schust.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Neoorthocaulis hyperboreus (R. M. Schust.) L. Söderstr., De Roo & Hedd. subsp. helophilus (R. M. Schust.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Schistochilopsis grandiretis (Lindb. ex Kaal.) Konstant. subsp. proteidea (Arnell) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Tritomaria capitata (Hook.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; T. laxa (Lindb.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov. The basionym citations for these new combinations can be found in the text treatments of these taxa. Thirty-four new heterotypic synonyms, distributed among 27 accepted taxa, have been proposed, primarily as a consequence of nomenclatural updating (see Appendix 1 for a list). Type species are indicated for all genera and basionyms are included, where appropriate. Distributional data, based primarily on literature reports, are also provided for each infrageneric taxon.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
A hornwort classification that recognizes 11 genera, comprising a hierarchy of two classes, three orders, and four families is proposed. The updated checklist of these bryophytes for North America ...has been expanded from 11 species in three genera to 17 species in five genera. Application of the genus name Anthoceros in the traditional sense is clarified.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
A small, endemic leafy liverwort found in the coastal redwood forests of Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties of California is described as a new species of Mesoptychia (Lindb.) A. Evans, i.e., ...Mesoptychia polymorpha Stotler, Crand.-Stotl. & Bakalin, sp. nov. This new taxon is morphologically related to the suite of small-leafed species of the genus, including M. badensis (Gottsche ex Rabenh.) L. Söderstr. & Váňa and M. morrisoncola (Horik.) L. Söderstr. & Váňa, but is unique within the genus in having mature vegetative leaves and bracts that are undivided and apically rounded to emarginate, with bilobed to retuse leaves of restricted occurrence. Although this polymorphic species is paroicous, perianths expand without fertilization and sporophytes are unknown.
The phylogenetic history of and evolutionary trends within the simple thalloid liverworts (Jungermanniopsida, subclass Metzgeriidae) are reconstructed in a combined analysis of molecular and ...morphological data. The molecular dataset comprises loci from all three genomes, including trnL-F, rps4, rbcL, atpβ and psbA from the chloroplast, SSU rRNA and LSU rRNA from the nucleus, and nad5 from the mitochondrion, and 65 characters are scored in the morphological dataset. An initial analysis of a molecular dataset that included 16 outgroup and 50 ingroup taxa resolved a Haplomitrium/Treubiaceae clade as the earliest diverging lineage of the ingroup. Subsequent analyses of ingroup only datasets, rooted on this clade, resolve Metzgeriidae as paraphyletic, with Blasiaceae sister to Marchantiopsida in all analyses. A combined analysis of morphological and molecular datasets resolves basically the same clades as analyses of the molecular dataset alone, except for the resolution of a weak sister group relationship between Metzgeriineae and the leafy liverworts. Reconstructions of morphological character evolution on the combined analysis topology confirm that there is substantial homoplasy in the morphology dataset, even in characters that have been traditionally considered diagnostic of hierarchial relationships, such as apical cell geometry, calyptral type and capsule wall thickness. Ancestral state reconstructions contradict many prevailing hypotheses of character evolution in hepatics, including the model of the ancestral liverwort prototype as an erect, radially symmetric plant. Instead, a more likely model is a prostrate, bilaterally symmetric plant with the diagnostic features of a simple thalloid liverwort.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NMLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Eleven lectotypes and one neotype are designated for the names of the 12 Latin American species in the genus Fossombronia Raddi that have not been previously typified. The entries for each are given ...in alphabetical order with author citation, place and date of publication, herbarium of deposit and supporting information. The original protologue and images of the herbarium label for each type specimen can be viewed at the URL <http//bryophytes.plant.siu.edu/fossombronia.html>.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Lectotypes are explicitly designated for 43 taxa in the genus Fossombronia Raddi, with neotypes designated for F. mauritanica Trab. and F. pusilla var. β capitata Nees. One name, F. pumila Dumort, is ...regarded as an orthographic error not based upon a specimen and thus, cannot be typified. The entries are listed alphabetically, each with the correct author citation, place of publication, and the herbarium of deposit. In addition, supporting comments are given for most selections. Fossombronia caespitiformis De Not. ex Rabenh. var. multispira Schiffn. is elevated to the rank of subspecies. Images of all type specimen labels may be viewed at: http://bryophytes.plant.siu.edu/fossombronia.html
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The monospecific Phycolepidoziaceae with the single neotropical speciesPhycolepidozia exiguais a highly specialized leafy liverwort without vegetative leaves. The extreme reduction of morphological ...and anatomical characters ofPhycolepidoziahas caused uncertainties as to the systematic position of the genus and family. In 2012, a second species ofPhycolepidoziawas detected in the Western Ghats, South India. The Indian plant differs fromP. exiguain several respects and is described here asP. (subg.Metaphycolepidozia)indicaGradst., J.-P.Frahm & U.Schwarz. Differences include the massive stem ofP. indica, the larger perianth with a crenate, 3-lobed mouth, and the epidermis of the capsule wall made up of non-tiered cells with nodular thickenings on both longitudinal and transverse walls. A phylogenetic analysis using four different chloroplast regions (psbA, psbT, rps4, rbcL) ofP. indicaand putatively related groups shows thatPhycolepidoziais nested within the leafy liverwort family Cephaloziellaceae. Consequently, Phycolepidoziaceae is placed in the synonymy of Cephaloziellaceae. The discovery ofP. indicaadds a further example to the list of amphi-Pacific tropical disjunctions in bryophytes.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NMLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
