As the global psychiatric community enters a new era of transformation, this book explores lessons learned from previous efforts with the goal of “getting it right” this time. In response to the ...common refrain that we know about and ‘do’ recovery already, the authors set the recovery movement within the conceptual framework of major thinkers and achievers in the history of psychiatry, such as Philippe Pinel, Dorothea Dix, Adolf Meyer, Harry Stack Sullivan, and Franco Basaglia.The book reaches beyond the usual boundaries of psychiatry to incorporate lessons from related fields, such as psychology, sociology, social welfare, philosophy, political economic theory, and civil rights. From Jane Addams and the Settlement House movement to Martin Luther King, Jr., and Gilles Deleuze, this book identifies the less well-known and less visible dimensions of the recovery concept and movement that underlie concrete clinical practice.In addition, the authors highlight the limitations of previous efforts to reform and transform mental health practice, such as the de-institutionalization movement begun in the 1950s, in the hope that the field will not have to repeat these same mistakes. Their thoughtful analysis and valuable advice will benefit people in recovery, their loved ones, the practitioners who serve them, and society at large.Foreword by Fred Frese, Founder of the Community and State Hospital Section of the American Psychological Association and past president of the National Mental Health Consumers' Association
We examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among the mid-aged and elderly in China and examine relationships between depression and current SES factors such as gender, age, education and income ...(per capita expenditures). In addition, we explore associations of depressive symptoms with measures of early childhood health, recent family deaths and current chronic health conditions. We use data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) national baseline, fielded in 2011/12, which contains the ten question version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) for 17,343 respondents aged 45 and older. We fill a major gap by using the CHARLS data to explore the general patterns of depression and risk factors among the Chinese elderly nationwide, which has never been possible before. We find that depressive symptoms are significantly associated with own education and per capita expenditure, and the associations are robust to the inclusion of highly disaggregated community fixed effects and to the addition of several other risk factors. Factors such as good general health during childhood are negatively associated with later depression. There exist strong gender differences, with females having higher depression scores. Being a recent widow or widower is associated with more depressive symptoms, as is having a series of chronic health problems, notably having moderate or severe pain, disability or problems with measures of physical functioning. Adding the chronic health problems to the specification greatly reduces the SES associations with depressive symptoms, suggesting that part of the pathways behind these associations are through these chronic health factors.
•Find high levels of depressive symptoms among elderly in China with national survey.•Women have higher levels of depressive symptoms than men.•Higher levels of schooling and per capita expenditure associated with less symptoms.•Recent deaths of spouse and children are associated with higher levels of symptoms.•SES-depressive symptom correlations partly through chronic health problems.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Abstract
Blood biomarkers provide critical information about the health of older populations, especially in large developing countries where self-reports of health are often inaccurate due to lack of ...access to health care. However, it is very difficult to collect blood samples in representative population surveys in such countries. The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative study of middle-aged and older Chinese, represents one of the first efforts to include blood biomarkers in a nationally representative survey of China. In the 2015 wave of CHARLS, 13,013 respondents located in 150 counties around China donated whole blood, which was assayed on a range of indicators. Here we describe the process of the sample collection, transportation, storage, and analysis and present basic statistics.
Brain imaging is a non-invasive and in vivo direct estimation of detailed brain structure, regional brain functioning and estimation of molecular processes in the brain. The main objective of this ...review was to analyze functional and structural neuroimaging studies of individuals at risk for suicide. We reviewed articles published between 2005 and 2018, indexed in PubMed and Medline, assessing structural and functional alterations of the brain of individuals at high risk for suicide and at low risk for suicide. We reviewed functional and structural neuroimaging studies which included individuals with a history of suicidal ideation or attempt in major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), psychosis, and borderline personality disorder (BPD). We selected 45 papers that focused on suicidality in MDD, 17 papers on BD, 11 papers on psychosis, and 5 papers on BPD. The suicidal brain across psychiatric diagnoses seems to heavily involve dysfunction of the fronto-temporal network, primarily involving reductions of gray and white matter volumes in the pre-frontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate, and superior temporal gyrus. Nonetheless, there are several ways to define suicidal behaviour and ideation. Therefore, it still remains difficult to combine the evidence from imaging studies that used different definitions of suicidality.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Abstract
Objectives
Determinants of mortality may depend on the time and place where they are examined. China provides an important context in which to study the determinants of mortality at older ...ages because of its unique social, economic, and epidemiological circumstances. This study uses a nationally representative sample of persons in China to determine how socioeconomic characteristics, early-life conditions, biological and physical functioning, and disease burden predict 4-year mortality after age 60.
Methods
We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We employed a series of Cox proportional hazard models based on exact survival time to predict 4-year all-cause mortality between the 2011 baseline interview and the 2015 interview.
Results
We found that rural residence, poor physical functioning ability, uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, cancer, a high level of systemic inflammation, and poor kidney functioning are strong predictors of mortality among older Chinese.
Discussion
The results show that the objectively measured indicators of physical functioning and biomarkers are independent and strong predictors of mortality risk after accounting for several additional self-reported health measures, confirming the value of incorporating biological and performance measurements in population health surveys to help understand health changes and aging processes that lead to mortality. This study also highlights the importance of social and historical context in the study of old-age mortality.
Objective: The tendency over the years in the mental health field has been to cling in circular fashion to one single domain after another, biological, psychological, or social, to explain severe ...disorder and not even to consider the data from the domain of focus that came before. This report notes that attempts to explore more complex biopsychosocial explanations that integrate the diverse domains have been generally ignored or foundered on the problems posed by the complexities involved and suggests an approach for moving beyond these problems. Method: A case history using two different formats highlights the degree to which the single domain models ignore one or another area of data. Results: Uncertainty theory is suggested as providing an important basis for exploring the complexities of a biopsychosocial understanding of mental health problems. Conclusions: This approach can provide a possible orientation to promote improved research, training, and treatment.
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IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UL, UM, UPUK
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
10.
Guidelines of care for acne vulgaris management Strauss, John S., MD; Krowchuk, Daniel P., MD; Leyden, James J., MD ...
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology,
04/2007, Volume:
56, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Disclaimer Adherence to these guidelines will not ensure successful treatment in every situation. Furthermore, these guidelines should not be deemed inclusive of all proper methods of care or ...exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed to obtaining the same results. The ultimate judgment regarding the propriety of any specific therapy must be made by the physician and the patient in light of all the circumstances presented by the individual patient.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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