ABSTRACT
Transcriptional regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is critically involved in the pathogenesis and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, the specific ...transcription factors that control this process remain largely unidentified. In the present study, it was discovered that expression of the key erythroid factor, globin transcription factor 1 (GATA1), is significantly greater in human RA synovial tissues than in osteoarthritis (OA) tissues. IL 6 was found to induce synovial GATA1 expression in a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3‐dependent manner. Functionally, knockdown of GATA1 expression using specific small interfering RNA treatment was found to compromise immunoreaction‐elicited expression of proinflammatory cytokines and thus impair invasiveness of the human fibroblast‐like synovial cell line MH7A, whereas introduction of exogenous GATA1 was found to promote production of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to greater aggressiveness of MH7A cells. Mechanistically, GATA1 acts as the transcriptional coactivator of NOS2 (the gene encoding iNOS) transcription. Collectively, these data suggest that synovial GATA1 is an essential contributor to development and exacerbation of RA, presumably by inducing NOS2 transcription.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
LPL (lipoprotein lipase) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of triglycerides. Previous studies have shown that microRNA (miR)-467b regulates hepatic LPL expression and plays a role ...in the progression of steatosis or abnormal lipid retention in obese mice. Macrophage-derived LPL has been shown to promote atherosclerosis. However, if miR-476b influences macrophage LPL expression and the subsequent effects are unknown. Here, we utilized oxLDL-treatment RAW 264.7 macrophages that were transfected with miR-467b mimics or inhibitors to investigate the potential roles of macrophage miR-476b. We found that miR-467b significantly decreased lipid accumulation and IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1 secretions. Furthermore, our studies suggested an additional explanation for the regulatory mechanism of miR-467b on its functional target, LPL in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Thus, our findings indicate that miR-467b may regulate lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in oxLDL-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by targeting the LPL gene.
► MiR-467b reduces lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in cell. ► MiR-467b specifically targets LPL by binding to its 3′UTR. ► LPL mediated lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion by miR-467b. ► MiR-467b may regulate the development of atherosclerosis by targeting LPL.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
Cord blood transplantation (CBT) provides a treatment scheme for hematologic diseases and leukemia in both children and adults. However, adverse reactions and transplantation-related death may still ...occur in patients receiving CBT even when donor and recipient have fully matched HLA in high-resolution HLA typing analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HLA-related and unrelated genes are known to associate with disease status of patients with unrelated stem cell transplantation. In this study, the genomic regions ranging from 500 base pairs upstream to 500 base pairs downstream of the eight SNPs that were reported as transplantation determinants by Petersdorf et al. were analyzed to evaluate whether genetic variants were associated with the survival status of patients, and the risk for severe (grades 3-4) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/reactivation. The analyses were performed in the mode of recipient genotype, donor genotype, and recipient-donor mismatching, respectively. By analysis of sixty-five patients and their HLA-matched unrelated donors, we found that five SNPs were associated with patient survival which included the recipient genotype with SNPs of rs107822 in the RING1 gene, and rs2070120, rs17220087 and rs17213693 in the HLA-DOB gene; and the recipient-donor mismatching with SNPs of rs9282369 in HLA-DOA gene, and rs2070120, rs17220087 and rs17213693 in the HLA-DOB gene. Five SNPs were associated with the risk for severe GVHD which included the donor genotype with SNPs of rs213210 and rs2523675; the recipient genotype with SNPs of rs9281491 in the HCP5 gene; and the recipient-donor mismatching with SNPs of rs209130 in the TRIM27 gene, and rs986522 in the COL11A2 gene. Six SNPs were related to the risk for CMV infection/reactivation which included the donor genotype with SNPs of rs435766, rs380924, and rs2523957; and the recipient-donor mismatching with SNPs of rs2070120, rs17220087, and rs17213693 in the HLA-DOB gene; and rs435766 and rs380924 in the MICD gene. This study provides the basis for larger analyses and if the results are confirmed, a way of selecting better unrelated CBT candidate donors.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Three kinds of nano-particles/polymer systems were proposed to modify SK-70 asphalt.•Influences of nano-particles/polymer on the properties of SK-70 asphalt were tested with TFOT, DSR and BBR ...tests.•Morphologies of modified asphalts and SK-70 asphalt were measured with SEM.•The chemical bondings of modified asphalts and SK-70 asphalt were analyzed through FTIR.
At present, most asphalts and modified asphalts cannot meet requirements of both high temperature stability and low temperature cracking resistance simultaneously. Hence, the objective of this paper is to find new modification system to improve the high and low temperature properties of SK-70 base asphalt. In this paper, nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) particles, nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) particles, nano-calcium carbonate (nano-CaCO3) particles, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR) were selected as modifiers. The modified asphalt samples with three or two kinds of modifiers were prepared, and the softening point, ductility and penetration of modified asphalt samples were measured and compared. Eventually, three optimal nano-particles/polymer modification systems for SK-70 base asphalt including 3%nano-ZnO/0.5%nano-TiO2/3.7%SBS, 5%nano-ZnO/4.2%SBS, 5%nano-CaCO3/4%SBR were proposed. To study the effects of these three optimal modification formulations on high and low temperature properties of base asphalt, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), thin film oven test (TFOT), and beam bending rheometer (BBR) tests were conducted on the asphalt of SK-70 and the nano-particles/polymer modified asphalts. The micro-morphology of SK-70 and the modified asphalts was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the reactions between modifiers and SK-70 base asphalt were studied by infrared spectrum instrument. From the test results, it was observed that the nano-materials were well dispersed in base asphalt, and could increase the dispersibility of polymer in base asphalt and improve the compatibility between polymer and base asphalt. Furthermore, the nano-materials could improve the high and low temperature properties of SK-70 base asphalt. Additionally, the results also revealed that for polymer modified asphalts the physical reaction between polymers and asphalt played the dominant role in the modification process, while for nano-particles/polymer modified asphalts, both physical and chemical reaction occurred in the modification process.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death typically characterized by non‐apoptotic, iron‐dependent, and reactive accumulation of oxygen species. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis ...plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pre‐eclampsia (PE). In order to find potential therapeutic targets for ferroptosis intervention and better prevent the occurrence and progression of PE, the signalling pathways that regulate ferroptosis need to be identified. In this article, we review the role of vitamin D in PE and the role of ferroptosis in PE. Based on recent literature, we propose the scientific hypothesis that vitamin D can alleviate preeclampsia by modulating the ferroptosis signalling pathway. The aim of this review is to understand the regulatory pathways of ferroptosis in PE and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Understanding the dynamics and underlying mechanism of carbon exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere is one of the key issues in global change research. In this study, we ...quantified the carbon fluxes in different terrestrial ecosystems in China, and analyzed their spatial variation and environmental drivers based on the long‐term observation data of ChinaFLUX sites and the published data from other flux sites in China. The results indicate that gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of terrestrial ecosystems in China showed a significantly latitudinal pattern, declining linearly with the increase of latitude. However, GEP, ER, and NEP did not present a clear longitudinal pattern. The carbon sink functional areas of terrestrial ecosystems in China were mainly located in the subtropical and temperate forests, coastal wetlands in eastern China, the temperate meadow steppe in the northeast China, and the alpine meadow in eastern edge of Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. The forest ecosystems had stronger carbon sink than grassland ecosystems. The spatial patterns of GEP and ER in China were mainly determined by mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT), whereas the spatial variation in NEP was largely explained by MAT. The combined effects of MAT and MAP explained 79%, 62%, and 66% of the spatial variations in GEP, ER, and NEP, respectively. The GEP, ER, and NEP in different ecosystems in China exhibited ‘positive coupling correlation’ in their spatial patterns. Both ER and NEP were significantly correlated with GEP, with 68% of the per‐unit GEP contributed to ER and 29% to NEP. MAT and MAP affected the spatial patterns of ER and NEP mainly by their direct effects on the spatial pattern of GEP.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This study compared the prevalences of metabolic syndrome and of cardiac or kidney comorbidities among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with metabolic dysfunction-related fatty ...liver disease (MAFLD), chronic infection with hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV), or the combination of MAFLD and chronic HBV infection.
Medical records were retrospectively analyzed for patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy between March 2013 and March 2023. Patients with HCC of different etiologies were compared in terms of their clinicodemographic characteristics and laboratory data before surgery.
Of the 2422 patients, 1,822 (75.2%) were chronically infected with HBV without MAFLD and HCV, 415 (17.2%) had concurrent MAFLD and chronic HBV infection but no HCV infection, 121 (5.0%) had MAFLD without hepatitis virus infection, and 64 (2.6%) were chronically infected with HCV in the presence or absence of MAFLD and HBV infection. Compared to patients chronically infected with HBV without MAFLD and HCV, those with MAFLD but no hepatitis virus infection showed significantly lower prevalence of cirrhosis, ascites, portal hypertension, alpha-fetoprotein concentration ≥ 400 ng/mL, tumor size > 5 cm, multinodular tumors and microvascular invasion. Conversely, they showed significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity, history of cardiovascular disease, T-wave alterations, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia, as well as higher risk of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Compared to patients with MAFLD but no hepatitis virus infection, those with concurrent MAFLD and chronic infection with HBV showed significantly higher prevalence of cirrhosis, ascites and portal hypertension, but significantly lower prevalence of hypertension and history of cardiovascular disease. Compared to patients with other etiologies, those chronically infected with HCV in the presence or absence of MAFLD and HBV infection, showed significantly higher prevalence of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and esophagogastric varices.
Patients with HCC associated with MAFLD tend to have a background of less severe liver disease than those with HCC of other etiologies, but they may be more likely to suffer metabolic syndrome or comorbidities affecting the heart or kidneys.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Important tasks in cavity quantum electrodynamics include the generation and control of quantum states of spatially separated particles distributed in different cavities. An interesting question in ...this context is how to prepare entanglement among particles located in different cavities, which are important for large-scale quantum information processing. We here consider a multi-cavity system where cavities are coupled to a superconducting (SC) qubit and each cavity hosts many SC qubits. We show that all intra-cavity SC qubits plus the coupler SC qubit can be prepared in an entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, by using a single operation and without the need of measurements. The GHZ state is created without exciting the cavity modes; thus greatly suppressing the decoherence caused by the cavity-photon decay and the effect of unwanted inter-cavity crosstalk on the operation. We also introduce two simple methods for entangling the intra-cavity SC qubits in a GHZ state. As an example, our numerical simulations show that it is feasible, with current circuit-QED technology, to prepare high-fidelity GHZ states, for up to nine SC qubits by using SC qubits distributed in two cavities. This proposal can in principle be used to implement a GHZ state for an arbitrary number of SC qubits distributed in multiple cavities. The proposal is quite general and can be applied to a wide range of physical systems, with the intra-cavity qubits being either atoms, NV centers, quantum dots, or various SC qubits.
In the present study, a new strategy including the combination of external appearance, chemical detection, and biological analysis was proposed for the comprehensive evaluation of safflowers in ...different producing areas. Firstly, 40 batches of safflower samples were classified into class I and II based on color measurements and K-means clustering analysis. Secondly, a rapid and sensitive analytical method was developed for simultaneous quantification of 16 chromaticity-related characteristic components (including characteristic components hydroxysafflor yellow A, anhydrosafflor yellow B, safflomin C, and another 13 flavonoid glycosides) in safflowers by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTRAP
/MS
). The results of the quantification indicate that hydroxysafflor yellow A, anhydrosafflor yellow B, kaempferol, quercetin, and safflomin C had significant differences between the two types of safflower, and class I of safflower had a higher content of hydroxysafflor yellow A, anhydrosafflor yellow B, and safflomin C as the main anti-thrombotic components in safflower. Thirdly, chemometrics methods were employed to illustrate the relationship in multivariate data of color measurements and chromaticity-related characteristic components. As a result, kaempferol-3-
-rutinoside and 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-
-β-d-glucoside were strongly associated with the color indicators. Finally, anti-thrombotic analysis was used to evaluate activity and verify the suitability of the classification basis of safflower based on the color measurements. It was shown that brighter, redder, yellower, more orange-yellow, and more vivid safflowers divided into class I had a higher content of characteristic components and better anti-thrombotic activity. In summary, the presented strategy has potential for quality evaluation of other flower medicinal materials.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Female infertility impacts the quality of life and well-being of affected individuals and couples. Female reproductive diseases, such as primary ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, ...endometriosis, fallopian tube obstruction, and Asherman syndrome, can induce infertility. In recent years, translational medicine has developed rapidly, and clinical researchers are focusing on the treatment of female infertility using novel approaches. Owing to the advantages of convenient samples, abundant sources, and avoidable ethical issues, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be applied widely in the clinic. This paper reviews recent advances in using four types of MSCs, bone marrow stromal cells, adipose-derived stem cells, menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells, and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Each of these have been used for the treatment of ovarian and uterine diseases, and provide new approaches for the treatment of female infertility.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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