Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tumor ablation technique that delivers short pulses of strong electric fields to cancer tissues and induces cell death through the destruction of ...cell membranes. Here, we synthesized gold-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Au-MSNs) via incipient wetness impregnation and evaluated the therapeutic potentials of combination therapy with IRE. The fabricated Au-MSNs had around 80-100 nm of particle size and were successfully end-doped with Au nanoparticles. Combination treatment of IRE (800 V/cm) and Au-MSNs (100 μg/mL) increased cell membrane permeability by 25-fold compared with single IRE treatment. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation of EMT-6 cells were significantly increased by 14- and 265-fold, respectively, under combination treatment of IRE (800 V/cm) and Au-MSNs (100 µg/mL). Cytotoxic cell death increased by 28% under a combination treatment of IRE (800 V/cm) and Au-MSNs (100 ug/mL) over single IRE. Our studies suggest that the combination treatment of IRE with Au-MSNs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of IRE for breast cancer.
Spontaneous coal combustion is a serious hazard that affects mining safety. Since the coal seams are thin and their resistivity dramatically changes during spontaneous combustion, locating the burned ...cavities or caving zones using EM methods is challenging. The conventional transient electromagnetic (TEM) method with a loop transmitter is ineffective, as the main targets are mostly horizontal and resistive. We propose in this paper to apply TEM with an electrical source to detect the resistive targets of spontaneous coal combustion. Considering that its areas generally have very complex geometry, we adopt the unstructured finite-element method for accurate EM forward modeling. For the time discretization, we choose the unconditionally stable backward Euler scheme. Numerical experiments for typical spontaneous combustion models show the high sensitivity of TEM for an electrical source to the burned cavities, and based on this we further use the limited-memory BFGS method to do 3D inversions. To obtain high-resolution imaging results, we bound the resistivity based on the measurements to the coal mine. The inversion results show that the 3D TEM inversions can effectively recover the locations and resistivities of the burned cavities, implying TEM is a valid tool for detecting spontaneous coal combustion.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Based on the establishment of a stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment system in 100 days, the impact resistances of two different anammox fiber fillers (the curtain filler: R1 and the bundle ...filler: BR) were compared. Furthermore, the effect of HCO3− concentration on the bundle filler system was also investigated, the results have shown that the activity of the two anammox fiber fillers was not inhibited when the NO2−–N concentration was lower than 750 mg L−1 (FNA = 0.085 mg L−1), while it was significantly suppressed at 900 mg L−1 (FNA = 0.118 mg L−1). However, the two fiber fillers could be recovered and exhibit a good impact resistance reduction of the substrate concentration. On day 95, the structure of the bundle filler was more conducive to the stable attachment, proliferation, and aggregation of anammox bacteria. Dominant anammox bacteria in both the curtain and bundle fillers were Candidatus Kuenenia, which accounted for 25.9% and 35.9% of the total population, respectively. When the influent HCO3− concentration was 900 mg L−1, the bundled fiber filler had the highest total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency, which reached 89.0%. Even though it was inhibited under 2000 mg L−1 of HCO3− concentration, the reactor was able to recover within one week by reducing the substrate concentration. In addition, the HCO3− inhibition mechanism was independent of pH, which resulted in high FA content.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
Achieving transport connectivity is a priority in China’s “Belt and Road Initiative”. In order to further understand the impact of railway infrastructure on city-level economic expansion, we set ...cities with high-speed rail as the treatment group and those without high-speed rail as the control group, and a difference-in-differences (DID) technique was used to estimate the growth impact and heterogeneity of high-speed rail opening on the economic growth of cities along the New Silk Road Economic Belt. The main results are as follows: First, economic growth in cities with operational high-speed rail lines was significantly higher than those without high-speed rail. Second, the impact of high-speed rail on economic growth exhibited distinct heterogeneity. Large cities tend to have a stronger siphoning effect, resulting in more pronounced impact of high-speed rail opening on urban economic growth. Third, cities with higher marketization levels and higher government efficiency were shown to have stronger economic growth effect.
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), originating from the non-enzymatic glycosylation of βVal1 residues in hemoglobin (Hb), is an essential biomarker indicating average blood glucose levels over a period of ...2 to 3 months without external environmental disturbances, thereby serving as the gold standard in the management of diabetes instead of blood glucose testing. The emergence of HbA1c biosensors presents affordable, readily available options for glycemic monitoring, offering significant benefits to small-scale laboratories and clinics. Utilizing nanomaterials coupled with high-specificity probes as integral components for recognition, labeling, and signal transduction, these sensors demonstrate exceptional sensitivity and selectivity in HbA1c detection. This review mainly focuses on the emerging probes and strategies integral to HbA1c sensor development. We discussed the advantages and limitations of various probes in sensor construction as well as recent advances in diverse sensing strategies for HbA1c measurement and their potential clinical applications, highlighting the critical gaps in current technologies and future needs in this evolving field.
Graphical Abstract
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
To study the role of hsa_circ_0072995 in regulating the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells.
Hsa_circ_0072995 expression was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR; evaluating the ...migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through transwell assay; predicating circRNA/microRNAs interaction using the miRanda and RNAhybrid software; identifying the relationship between hsa_circ_0072995 and miR-30c-2-3p by luciferase activity assay; detecting the location of hsa_circ_0072995 by Fluorescence
hybridization assay.
Hsa_circ_0072995 was significantly upregulated in MDA-MB-231 cells compared with MCF-7 cells. Hsa_circ_0072995 regulated the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. Hsa_circ_0072995 existed in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and the proportion of the two was roughly equal. Hsa_circ_0072995 bound to miR-30c-2-3p. Overexpression of miR-30c-2-3p inhibited breast cancer cells migration and invasion. Low expression of miR-30c-2-3p was correlated with poor overall survival by The Cancer Genome Atlas database.
Hsa_circ_0072995 may be a novel biomarker for breast cancer, and may function in metastasis of breast cancer.
In view of the deformation and failure of buried gas pipelines in coal mining process, this paper analyzes the surface subsidence characteristics of pipelines along the pipeline during the mining ...process based on probability integral method, establishes the critical conditions of pipeline-soil synergy deformation, and derives the influence of mining subsidence. The analytical formulas of the deformation stress of the pipeline and the axial stress generated by the friction of the pipe soil were analyzed, and the formula for determining the pipeline failure under the composite stress was summarized. The deformation and stress distribution characteristics of the pipeline were analyzed with the engineering example. The results show that the axial stress increases rapidly in the early stage of subsidence, and the growth rate decreases in the later stage. The maximum tensile and compressive stress of the pipeline was distributed in the middle of the subsidence area, and the safety evaluation of the pipeline is carried out. It indicates that the Mises equivalent stress along the pipeline is less than the yield stress of the pipeline, and the buried pipeline is in a safe state.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
People in cities nowadays suffer from increasingly severe traffic jams due to less awareness of how collective human mobility is affected by urban planning. Besides, understanding how region ...functions shape human mobility is critical for business planning but remains unsolved so far. This study aims to discover the association between region functions and resulting human mobility. We establish a linear regression model to predict the traffic flows of Beijing based on the input referred to as bag of POIs. By solving the predictor in the sense of sparse representation, we find that the average prediction precision is over 74% and each type of POI contributes differently in the predictor, which accounts for what factors and how such region functions attract people visiting. Based on these findings, predictive human mobility could be taken into account when planning new regions and region functions.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Hollow TiO2 hemispheres for application in dye‐sensitized solar cells are prepared by means of rf‐sputtering onto colloidal templated substrates. After removing the organic templates by thermal ...decomposition, quasi‐ordered networks of hollow TiO2 hemispheres were formed. This approach should open up new opportunities for processing material architectures with high surface activity and effective charge transport for high performance photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical cells.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly diagnosed digestive malignancy worldwide. Ras-related protein 1A (RAP1A) is a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases and has been recently identified as ...a novel oncoprotein in several human malignancies. However, its specific role in CRC remains unclear.
In this study, we firstly analyzed its expression and clinical significance in a retrospective cohort of 144 CRC patients. Then, cellular assays in vitro and in vivo were performed to clarify its biological role in CRC cells. Finally, microarray analysis was utilized to investigate the molecular mechanisms regulated by RAP1A in CRC progression.
Firstly, RAP1A expression was abnormally higher in CRC tissues as compared with adjacent normal tissues, and significantly correlated tumor invasion. High RAP1A expression was an independent unfavourable prognostic factor for CRC patients. Combining RAP1A expression and preoperative CEA level contributed to a more accurate prognostic stratification in CRC patients. Secondly, knockdown of RAP1A dramatically inhibited the growth of CRC cells, while it was opposite for RAP1A overexpression. Finally, the microarray analysis revealed RAP1A promoted CRC growth partly through phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/forkhead box O3(FOXO3)/cyclin D1(CCND1) signaling pathway. FOXO3 overexpression could partly mimic the inhibitory effect of RAP1A knockdown in CRC growth. Moreover, FOXO3 overexpression inhibited CCND1 expression, but had no impact on RAP1A and PTEN expression.
RAP1A promotes CRC development partly through PTEN/FOXO3 /CCND1 signaling pathway. It has a great potential to be an effective clinical biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC patients.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
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