The differentiated components of alginate-derived oligosaccharides (AOS) lead to different activities on plant. Optimizing AOS use efficiency is, therefore, of major importance for the implementation ...of precision agriculture. Effects of AOS on biophysical characteristics and growth and development of barley (
Hordeum vulgare L.
) have been investigated. The experiments were conducted by soaking the seeds in AOS solutions with different molecular weights and Mannuronate/Guluronate ratio. The results showed that depending on their components, AOS stimulated the growth of seedlings and roots differently. AOS with low MW (500–3000 Da) and higher M/G ratio (> 1) had better promotion on the plant. The promoting effects on seedlings and roots were not an exact match. Our results suggested that the promotion effects of AOS on seedlings might be caused by the stimulation on photosynthesis and the roots growth were promoted probably due to the enhanced absorption activity. In gene level, we demonstrated that AOS induced the expression of development-related genes including auxin response factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase, thereby promoting the growth. Our research may provide a basis for more targeted and precise use of AOS in agriculture.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Developing bio-multifunctional wound dressings with excellent hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, enhanced angiogenesis and hair follicle regeneration for promoting full-thickness wound ...healing is highly valuable in clinical application. Herein, bio-multifunctional composite sponges were prepared by coupling alginate and chitosan with fucoidan through electrostatic interaction, Ca2+ crosslinking, and lyophilization processes. The prepared alginate/chitosan/fucoidan (ACF) sponges display excellent elastic properties, preserving their shape even after bending and compressive strain without failure. The ACF sponge containing 10% fucoidan (ACF-1) shows better hemostatic and antibacterial performances, and significantly promotes wound closure in a rat full-thickness wounds model compared to the alginate/chitosan group and ACF sponge containing 30% fucoidan. Furthermore, the ACF-1 sponge greatly facilitates the epithelialization and the formation of collagen in the dermis, promotes the hair follicle regeneration, enhances vascularization by upregulating the protein expression of CD31, and reduces inflammation by downregulating the protein expression of TNF-α. This work suggests that ACF sponges with a certain amount of fucoidan display great potential for the treatment of full-thickness skin repair.
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•Bio-multifunctional ACF sponges were successfully prepared through a facile, efficient, green cross-linked, and freeze-drying processes.•The ACF sponges possessed excellent hemostatic and antibacterial performances as well as greatly promoted full-thickness wound healing.•The ACF sponges reduced inflammation, facilitated the epithelialization, as well as enhanced angiogenesis and hair follicle regeneration.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study was aimed to explore the effects of fucoidan on iron overload and ferroptosis-induced liver injury, and the underlying mechanisms in rats exposed to alcohol. Sprague-Dawley rats were used ...to establish alcoholic liver injury model by intragastric administration with alcohol for 16 weeks. The results showed that fucoidan treatment reversed alcohol-induced increases in reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, and increased glutathione peroxidase and glutathione levels, thus protecting against liver damage. Long-term alcohol feeding resulted in abnormal increase of serum ferritin, liver total iron and the "free" iron levels. Fucoidan treatment reduced serum ferritin level and alleviated liver iron deposition. Fucoidan reversed the reduction of hepcidin induced by alcohol exposure and decreased divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin1 (FPN1) expressions in the duodenum. Electron microscope observation of liver tissues showed that alcohol exposure induced ferroptosis changes in the liver. However, fucoidan treatment could alleviate alcohol-induced ferroptosis via upregulating the expressions of p62, Nrf2, SLC7A11 and GPX4. The liver endogenous metabolites analysis by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry showed that after fucoidan intervention, mineral absorption, biosynthesis of amino acids pathways and lipid metabolism were changed. Fucoidan intervention reduced the levels of oxidized glutathione and regulated the levels of phosphatidylethanolamines in liver tissues. Our data showed that fucoidan supplementation could inhibit iron load via regulating hepcidin-intestinal DMT1/FPN1 axis, alleviate the liver oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes from ferroptosis induced by long-term alcohol exposure through upregulating p62/Nrf2/SLC7A11 pathway in rats.
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•Fucoidan alleviated the liver oxidative damage induced by long-term alcohol exposure in rats.•Fucoidan treatment could regulate the hepatic hepcidin/intestinal DMT1/FPN1 axis to control iron absorption and maintain iron homeostasis.•Fucoidan could protect hepatocytes from ferroptosis through upregulating p62/Nrf2/Keap1/SLC7A11 pathway.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background and Objectives: Animal experiments showed that resistant starch (RS) had an antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect. However, clinical studies showed both insignificant and significant ...effects of RS on inflammation and oxidative stress. The purpose of this work is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate these effects. Methods and Study Design: A systematic literature search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane electronic databases, which included studies from the earliest date of the database to September 2021. Key inclusion criteria were: RCTs; reporting at least one inflammatory or oxidative stress biomarker as endpoint; more than seven day intervention. Key exclusion criteria were: using a mixture of RS and other functional food ingredients as intervention substance; inappropriate controls. Results: A total of 16 RCTs including 706 subjects were included. RS supplementation significantly improved total antioxidant capacity standard mean difference (SMD) (95% CI): 2.64 (0.34, 4.94), p=0.03, and significantly reduced blood malondialdehyde concentration SMD (95% CI): -0.55 (- 0.94, -0.17), p=0.01. RS supplementation significantly reduced blood C-reactive protein concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients SMD (95% CI): -0.35 (-0.65, -0.05), p=0.02. RS consumption significantly reduced blood interlukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor- concentration if removing one distinct trial. Conclusions: RS supplementation may significantly reduce a few oxidative-stress and inflammation biomarkers such as malondialdehyde and C-reactive protein, particularly in T2DM patients. Future work should investigate the optimal dosage of RS supplementation for modulating oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers related to T2DM.
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilm-associated persistent endodontic infections (PEIs) are one of the most common tooth lesions, causing chronic periapical periodontitis, root resorption, and ...even tooth loss. Clinical root canal disinfectants have the risk of damaging soft tissues (e.g., mucosa and tongue) and teeth in the oral cavity, unsatisfactory to the therapy of PEIs. Nanomaterials with remarkable antibacterial properties and good biocompatibility have been developed as a promising strategy for removing pathogenic bacteria and related biofilm. Herein, carbon dots (CDs) derived from fucoidan (FD) are prepared through a one-pot hydrothermal method for the treatment of PEIs. The prepared FDCDs (7.15 nm) with sulfate groups and fluorescence property are well dispersed and stable in water. Further, it is found that in vitro FDCDs display excellent inhibiting effects on E. faecalis and its biofilm by inducing the formation of intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species and altering bacterial permeability. Importantly, the FDCDs penetrated the root canals and dentinal tubules, removing located E. faecalis biofilm. Moreover, the cellular assays show that the developed FDCDs have satisfactory cytocompatibility and promote macrophage recruitment. Thus, the developed FDCDs hold great potential for the management of PEIs.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The effects of the short-term application of
Ascophyllum nodosum
-fermented seaweed fertilizer on the bacterial community, soil nitrogen contents, and plant growth in maize rhizosphere soil were ...evaluated. The changes in the bacterial community composition and nitrogen contents including those of total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO
3
−
-N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH
4
+
-N) in rhizosphere soils in response to treatment with seaweed fertilizer were determined. Furthermore, soil enzymatic activity and crop biomass were analyzed. The relative abundance of the dominant phyla varied regularly with fertilization, and bacterial
α
-diversity was apparently influenced by seaweed fertilizer amendment. The TN contents of all soil samples decreased gradually, and the NO
3
−
-N and NH
4
+
-N contents of the soils treated with seaweed fertilizer were much higher than those of the control soils. Similarly, the enzymatic activities of dehydrogenase, nitrite reductase, urease, and cellulase in the soil were significantly increased on day 3, day 8, and day 13 after the application of seaweed fertilizer to the maize rhizosphere soil. However, there was no difference in the activity of soil sucrase between the treatment group and the control group. In this study, the growth of maize seedlings was confirmed to be greatly promoted by the utilization of seaweed fertilizer. These results deepen our understanding of plant-microbe interactions in agroecosystems and should benefit the wide use of seaweed fertilizer in sustainable agricultural production.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Fucoidan has sparked considerable interest in biomedical applications because of its inherent (bio)physicochemical characteristics, particularly immunomodulatory effects on macrophages, neutrophils, ...and natural killer cells. However, the effect of fucoidan on T cells and the following regulatory interaction on cellular function has not been reported. In this work, the effect of sterile fucoidan on the T-cell response and the subsequent modulation of osteogenesis is investigated. The physicochemical features of fucoidan treated by high-temperature autoclave sterilization are characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. It is demonstrated that high-temperature autoclave treatment resulted in fucoidan depolymerization, with no change in its key bioactive groups. Further, sterile fucoidan promotes T cells proliferation and the proportion of differentiated T cells decreases with increasing concentration of fucoidan. In addition, the supernatant of T cells co-cultured with fucoidan greatly suppresses the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 by downregulating the formation of alkaline phosphatase and calcium nodule compared with fucoidan. Therefore, our work offers new insight into the fucoidan-mediated T cell and osteoblast interplay.
Fucoidan, a water-soluble polysaccharide, exerts anticoagulant and antiviral functions. It was recently reported that fucoidan also exerts an antitumor function. Lung cancer is one of the most common ...cancers in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-tumor,apoptosis and anti-metastasis effects of fucoidan in both cell-based assays and mouse xenograft model, as well as to clarify possible role of m-TOR pathway in the protection.
In vitro: Different concentrations of fucoidan were given to act on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and H1650. The effects of fucoidan on cell proliferation were observed by detecting cyclin expression levels, CCK8 and EDU experiments and cloning experiments. The apoptotic level was detected by flow cytometry and the apoptotic protein level was detected by Westernblot. By detecting the expression of adhesion molecules, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, and Transwell cell invasion and migration experiment, the effect of fucoidan on cell adhesion, invasion and migration was observed. Meanwhile the effect of fucoidan on angiogenesis was observed by detecting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In vivo experiment: An animal model of NSCLC cell mouse subcutaneous xenograft tumor was established to analyze the correlation between the consumption of fucoidan and the size and volume of xenograft tumor through gross observation. Through immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence double staining, ki67 and cell adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and CD31) and VEGF-A in the tumor were detected, and the correlation between the amount of fucoidan and the above indexes was analyzed.
Fucoidan inhibited the proliferation and angiogenesis of NSCLC cells via the mTOR pathway and promoted their apoptosis by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Not only that, fucoidan inhibited NSCLC cell invasion via epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). The mice fed fucoidan exhibited significant reductions in tumor volumes and weights. These indicators (Ki67, VEGF-A,N-cadherin) were decreased and E-cadherin expression was up-regulated in A549 mice that treated with fucoidan. The results showed that fucoidan inhibited tumor proliferation in vivo by affecting the expression of related proteins.
Fucoidan conveys antitumor effects and our results represent an ideal therapeutic agent for NSCLC.
Sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan (FD) is widely applied in biomedical applications owing to its outstanding bioactivities. In addition to the biochemical features, the architecture of biomaterials ...plays a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration. Particularly, nanofibers have elicited great interest due to their extracellular matrix-like structure, high specific surface area, and favorable biological properties. Herein, chitosan-modified FD/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene oxide (UHMWPEO) nanofibers are developed
green electrospinning and electrostatic interaction for studying their interaction with endothelial cells. The appropriate solvent is screened to dissolve FD. The electrospinnability of FD/UHMWPEO aqueous solutions is greatly dependent on the weight ratios of FD/UHMWPEO. The incorporation of UHMWPEO significantly improves the electrospinnability of solution and thermo-stability of nanofibers. Also, it is found that there is good miscibility or no phase separation in FD/UHMWPEO solutions.
biological experiments show that the chitosan-modified FD/UHMWPEO nanofibers greatly facilitate the adhesion of endothelial cells and inhibit the attachment of monocytes. Thus, the designed FD-based nanofibers are promising bio-scaffolds in building tissue-engineered blood vessels.
Antioxidants play an important role in human health and provide a defense against many diseases. Electrochemical biosensors are considered promising tools for antioxidant research due to their high ...sensitivity, fast response time, and ease of miniaturization and have penetrated a variety of markets, including food analysis, drug screening, and toxicity research. In this review, recent advances in current state-of-the-art electrochemical biosensors and antioxidant assessment strategies are discussed with a focus on the use of several biosensors, and their advantages and limitations for the rapid and precise analysis of antioxidants in foods. It is concluded that there is widespread applications of electrochaemical biosensors in food quality analysis, the functional evaluation of active factors, and effective components screening. The challenges associated with electrochemical biosensor technology and future directions in this field are also presented.
•Electrochemical biosensor strategies are discussed and they have vast potential applications in antioxidant analysis.•Short review on DNA-based electrochemical biosensor used in antioxidant assessment.•Enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors for antioxidants quantification and evaluation were depicted.•The potential of cell-based electrochemical biosensor in antioxidant analysis were demonstrated.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP