The previously published atmospheric neutrino data did not distinguish whether muon neutrinos were oscillating into tau neutrinos or sterile neutrinos, as both hypotheses fit the data. Using data ...recorded in 1100 live days of the Super-Kamiokande detector, we use three complementary data samples to study the difference in zenith angle distribution due to neutral currents and matter effects. We find no evidence favoring sterile neutrinos, and reject the hypothesis at the 99% confidence level. On the other hand, we find that oscillation between muon and tau neutrinos suffices to explain all the results in hand.
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ABSTRACT Atmosphere is one of the most important noise sources for ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. By increasing optical loading on the detectors, it amplifies their ...effective noise, while its fluctuations introduce spatial and temporal correlations between detected signals. We present a physically motivated 3D-model of the atmosphere total intensity emission in the millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths. We derive a new analytical estimate for the correlation between detectors time-ordered data as a function of the instrument and survey design, as well as several atmospheric parameters such as wind, relative humidity, temperature and turbulence characteristics. Using an original numerical computation, we examine the effect of each physical parameter on the correlations in the time series of a given experiment. We then use a parametric-likelihood approach to validate the modeling and estimate atmosphere parameters from the polarbear-i project first season data set. We derive a new 1.0% upper limit on the linear polarization fraction of atmospheric emission. We also compare our results to previous studies and weather station measurements. The proposed model can be used for realistic simulations of future ground-based CMB observations.
Partículas e antipartículas no cone de luz Jorge Henrique Sales; A. T. Suzuki; L. A. Soriano
Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física,
09/2015, Volume:
37, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Open access
Na teoria quântica de campos usual, descrita no espaço-tempo de Minkowski, os conceitos de partícula e antipartícula surgem associados aos estados de energia positiva e negativa respectivamente. ...Nesse artigo focando como público alvo alunos de pós-graduação em Física, discutimos de maneira pedagógica como esses conceitos podem ser ou não transferidos quando fazemos uma mudança de coordenadas, do espaço-tempo de Minkowski para as coordenadas do cone de luz. Concluímos que nessas novas coordenadas temos uma arbitrariedade na escolha, uma vez que o sinal da energia fica atrelado ao sinal da componente longitudinal do momento no cone de luz. Embora haja essa arbitrariedade, a correlação de sinal que existe entre a energia e o momento longitudinal implica profundas consequencias físicas. Momentos positivos implicam energias positivas e momentos negativos implicam energias negativas. Isso significa, por exemplo, que no vácuo quântico da frente de luz não pode haver produção de pares partículas e antipartículas, ao contrário do que ocorre no espaço de Minkowski usual.
The addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide and dexamethasone resulted in superior response rate and progression-free survival, as compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone, at a cost of ...more frequent neutropenia and infusion reactions.
The incorporation of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs into the standard of care has improved outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma over the past 10 years,
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but most patients still eventually have a relapse.
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Relapse can occur even after standard complete remission in the context of first-line therapy, and studies are therefore evaluating deeper responses in a category termed “minimal residual disease–negative” (i.e., results below the threshold for minimal residual disease) that is prognostic with regard to a rate of disease progression in a time-to-event analysis and overall survival.
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However, this category of minimal residual disease status has . . .
The mechanisms by which the diffusion rate in the plasma membrane (PM) is regulated remain unresolved, despite their importance in spatially regulating the reaction rates in the PM. Proposed models ...include entrapment in nanoscale noncontiguous domains found in PtK2 cells, slow diffusion due to crowding, and actin-induced compartmentalization. Here, by applying single-particle tracking at high time resolutions, mainly to the PtK2-cell PM, we found confined diffusion plus hop movements (termed "hop diffusion") for both a nonraft phospholipid and a transmembrane protein, transferrin receptor, and equal compartment sizes for these two molecules in all five of the cell lines used here (actual sizes were cell dependent), even after treatment with actin-modulating drugs. The cross-section size and the cytoplasmic domain size both affected the hop frequency. Electron tomography identified the actin-based membrane skeleton (MSK) located within 8.8 nm from the PM cytoplasmic surface of PtK2 cells and demonstrated that the MSK mesh size was the same as the compartment size for PM molecular diffusion. The extracellular matrix and extracellular domains of membrane proteins were not involved in hop diffusion. These results support a model of anchored TM-protein pickets lining actin-based MSK as a major mechanism for regulating diffusion.
In patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who were ineligible for stem-cell transplantation, the addition of daratumumab to bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone increased progression-free ...survival and the response rate at the cost of an increase in infections.
Seismological observations have revealed the existence of low-velocity and high-attenuation zones above the discontinuity at 410 km depth, at the base of the Earth's upper mantle. It has been ...suggested that a small amount of melt could be responsible for such anomalies. The density of silicate melt under dry conditions has been measured at high pressure and found to be denser than the surrounding solid, thereby allowing the melt to remain at depth. But no experimental investigation of the density of hydrous melt has yet been carried out. Here we present data constraining the density of hydrous basaltic melt under pressure to examine the stability of melt above the 410-km discontinuity. We infer that hydrous magma formed by partial melting above the 410-km discontinuity may indeed be gravitationally stable, thereby supporting the idea that low-velocity or high-attentuation regions just above the mantle transition zone may result from the presence of melt.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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