Thyroid incidentaloma is a common disorder in endocrinology practice. Current literature regarding the risk of thyroid cancer in incidentalomas found in patients with non-thyroid cancer is limited.
...The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of thyroid malignancy in thyroid incidentalomas detected in patients with non-thyroid cancer.
Case control study.
The database of 287 thyroid nodules from 161 patients with a history of non-thyroid cancer followed between 2008 and 2014 were retrospectively evaluated.
From 287 thyroid nodules, 69.7 % had a benign final cytology. Thyroid cancer detected in one nodule while follicular neoplasia detected in 4 nodules, atypia of unknown significance (AUS) detected in 10 nodules, Hurthle cell neoplasia detected in 5 nodules and suspicious for malignancy detected in 6 nodules according to fine needle aspiration biopsy results. Metastasis of the non-thyroid cancer to the thyroid gland was detected in 4 nodules. Twenty seven nodules from 15 patients were removed with surgery. There were 3 malignant nodules found after surgery (1 papillary, 1 follicular and 1 medullary cancer). In addition to these three thyroid cancers, two patients with benign nodules had co-incidental thyroid cancer detected after surgery. Finally, 11.1 % of thyroid nodules which underwent thyroid surgery had malignant histopathology except for co-incidental and metastatic cancers.
The frequency of thyroid malignancy seems not to be substantially increased in incidental thyroid nodules detected in patients with non-thyroid cancer when these patients were evaluated in nodule-based approach.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of ultrasound elastography (USE) in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods: One hundred thyroid nodules in 100 patients (79 females, 21 males, age ...range 18-78; mean age = 45.6 years) were evaluated with real-time freehand USE, using Hitachi EUB 7500 equipment and elasticity scores were obtained. The elasticity was scored as follows: Score 1, elasticity in the entire nodule; Score 2, mainly elastic nodule with the presence of inelastic areas not constant during real time examination; Score 3, constant inelastic areas prevalently arranged at the periphery of the nodule; Score 4, constant inelastic areas prevalently arranged at the center of the nodule; Score 5, no elasticity in the nodule. Also mean strain ratio values were calculated for all nodules. Results: Eighty-four (86%) of cases were benign and sixteen (16%) were malignant. Elasticity score 3 and higher and strain ratio higher than 2.485 had statistically significant relation with malignancy (p < 0.05). Conclusions: USE including strain ratio calculations besides subjective evaluation of elasticity scores is an efficient imaging method which may contribute to the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
Neopterin production provides information about the extent of cellular immune activation. Measurement of neopterin levels may also provide predictive and prognostic information in patients with ...malignant thyroid diseases. In the present study, neopterin levels were investigated in patients with thyroid disorders (no.=68). Twenty-four patients had papillary thyroid cancers and the rest of them benign thyroid disorders. Results were compared with a healthy control group (no.=30). It was observed that there was a significant difference in neopterin levels between the control group and the thyroid disorders group (
p
<0.05). The mean neopterin levels in malignant and benign patients were also significantly different (
p
<0.05). Monitoring of urinary neopterin profile may be used in early diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer. Neopterin seems to be a differential biomarker for malignant and benign thyroid disorders.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as a nitric oxide (NO) donor and L-carnitine intraperitoneal administration to treat ...experimental ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Materials and methods Rats were divided into four groups, each one consisting of 10 animals. Group 1 was subjected to a sham operation. In group 2, an I/R process was applied to the rats. In group 3, SNP (5 mg/kg) and in group 4, L-carnitine (500 mg/kg) was administered in addition to the I/R process. Ileal tissue samples were obtained for analysis of tissue malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) and for histopathologic examination. Results By histopathologic examination, the I/R group showed a significant difference from the SNP and L-carnitine groups ( P < .05). There was no difference between the sham, the SNP, and the L-carnitine groups ( P > .05). SNP used as an NO donor produced a significant decrease in MDA levels. There was a significant difference between the MDA levels of the SNP and the I/R groups ( P < .05). Also, the difference between this group and the I/R group was significant ( P < .05). Conclusion SNP helped to both prevent and reduce mucosal damage in terms of histological and tissue MDA levels. Since the results of the L-carnitine group and the SNP group were similar, L-carnitine was as effective as exogenous NO.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Pure papillary thyroid carcinoma and the follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma are the most common subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the ...effects of prognostic factors of these two subgroups in our series.
Histopathological type of carcinoma was retrospectively revised in 199 patients who were then divided according to such type. Patients' age and gender as well as the size and multicentricity of tumor, association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, serum thyroglobulin and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies levels, metastatic lymph node and distant metastases status for both groups were evaluated.
Gender, size, multicentricity of tumor, serum thyroglobulin and anti-thyroglobulin levels were similar in both groups. It was found that, although the tumor size of pure papillary thyroid carcinoma was smaller than that of follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma, lymph node metastases occurred more frequently when both subgroups were examined.
The pathological and clinical signs of pure papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma were found similar. According to these results, this study does not support the literature which claims that follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma is more aggressive than pure papillary thyroid carcinoma. Moreover, it could be assumed that the number of patients who are diagnosed as pure papillary thyroid carcinoma may be higher when associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Inclusion complexation between cyclodextrin derivatives (hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin) and a very poorly water-soluble antifungal agent, ketoconazole, was studied. Solid ...products were prepared by physical mixing, kneading and spray-drying methods in four molecular ratios: 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. The possibility of complex formation between the drug and the cyclodextrins was studied by thermal analysis. Supplementary techniques, such as X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transformation-infrared spectroscopy, were also applied to interpret the results of the thermal study of the products.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Detection of a breast mass accompanied by a contralateral axillary lymphadenopathy presents a dilemma because of the possible presence of an occult breast cancer on the same side as the axillary ...lymphadenopathy. A patient presented with an axillary lymphadenopathy from an occult breast cancer and a synchronous contralateral breast cancer, for which the differential diagnosis was established through a significant difference in estrogen and progesterone receptor levels. The patient was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by bilateral modified radical mastectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant radiation therapy. She is alive and free of disease 1.5 years after the diagnosis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Microcapsules of ketoconazole with 1:1 and 1:2 core-wall ratios were prepared by means of the phase separation technique using sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a coating material. The microcapsules ...were mixed with effervescent granules and were tabletted. Dissolution studies of microcapsules, tabletted microcapsules and commercial ovules were carried out with a new basket method (horizontal rotating basket). A good sustained action was obtained with tablets. Micromeritic investigations were carried out on microcapsules in order to standardize the microcapsule product and to optimize the pilot production of the dosage forms prepared with these microcapsules. Bulk volume and weight, tapping volume and weight, fluidity, angle of repose, weight deviation, relative deviation, particle size distribution, density and porosity values of the microcapsules were determined. In addition, to evaluate whether some kind of glidant will be needed during tabletting of microcapsules, the Hausner ratio and consolidation index were also calculated and it may be concluded that microcapsules do not need any glidant.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Colorectal cancer is seen mostly among patients older than 50 years of age. An aggressive behavior is a frequently cited as characteristic of colorectal cancer in young patients. The purpose of the ...present study was to reveal the clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal cancer among patients under 50 years of age.
Two hundred and seventy-one patients with colorectal cancer admitted to our oncology center were evaluated, and clinicopathologic findings of the young and old patients were compared. Patient gender, site distribution, tumor stage classification, lymph node involvement, metastatic site, histologic classification, histologic differentiation, family history of malignant tumors, presenting symptoms and survival rates were compared.
One hundred patients were 50 years of age or under. Clinical, histopathologic characteristics and overall survival of the two groups did not differ. A higher rate of familial cancer syndromes was detected among young patients.
The presentation and outcome of the disease in young patients do not differ from those of older patients. A significant family history of colorectal cancer in the young patients showed the need for screening whereas the outcome of metastatic disease was poor. In order to anticipate long survival, early detection and aggressive treatment is necessary.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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