•Male gender and comorbidity were the independent risk factors for death in COVID-19 patients.•Lymphopenia and high CRP were the independent risk factors for poor outcome in COVID-19.•The risk ...factors would facilitate early identification of high-risk COVID-19 patients.
A few studies have revealed the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, predictive factors for the outcomes remain unclear.
Attempted to determine the predictive factors for the poor outcomes of patients with COVID-19.
This is a single-center, retrospective study. Clinical, laboratory, and treatment data were collected and analyzed from 111 hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Union Hospital. The gathered data of discharged and deteriorated patients were compared.
Among these 111 patients, 93 patients were discharged and 18 patients were deteriorated. The lymphocyte count (0.56 G/L 0.47−0.63 vs 1.30 G/L 0.95−1.65) was lower in the deteriorated group than those in the discharged group. The numbers of pulmonary lobe involved (5.00 5.00–5.00 vs 4.00 2.00−5.00), serum C‐reactive protein (CRP, 79.52 mg/L 61.25−102.98 vs 7.93 mg/L 3.14−22.50), IL-6 (35.72 pg/mL 9.24−85.19 vs 5.09 pg/mL 3.16−9.72), and IL-10 (5.35 pg/mL 4.48−7.84 vs 3.97 pg/mL 3.34−4.79) concentrations in deteriorated patients were elevated compared with discharged patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR, 24.8 1.8−342.1), comorbidity (OR, 52.6 3.6−776.4), lymphopenia (OR, 17.3 1.1−261.8), and elevated CRP (OR, 96.5 4.6−2017.6) were the independent risk factors for the poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients.
This finding would facilitate the early identification of high-risk COVID-19 patients.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Since the novel coronavirus pandemic, people around the world have been touched in varying degrees, and this pandemic has raised a major global health concern. As there is no effective drug or ...vaccine, it is urgent to find therapeutic drugs that can serve to deal with the current epidemic situation in all countries and regions. We searched drugs and response measures for SARS-CoV-2 in the PubMed database, and then updated the potential targets and therapeutic drugs from the perspective of the viral replication cycle. The drug research studies of the viral replication cycle are predominantly focused on the process of the virus entering cells, proteases, and RdRp. The inhibitors of the virus entry to cells and RdRp, such as Arbidol, remdesivir, favipiravir, EIDD-2081, and ribavirin, are in clinical trials, while most of the protease inhibitors are mainly calculated by molecular docking technology, which needs in vivo and in vitro experiments to prove the effect for SARS-CoV-2. This review summarizes the drugs targeting the viral replication process and provides a basis and directions for future drug development and reuse on the protein level of COVID-19.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
We present the complete first order relativistic quantum kinetic theory with spin for massive fermions derived from the Wigner function formalism in a concise form that shows explicitly how the 32 ...Wigner equations reduce in practice to 4 independent transport equations. We solve the modified on-shell conditions to obtain the general solution and present the corresponding transport equations in three different forms that are suitable for different purposes. We demonstrate how different spin effects arise from the kinetic theory by calculating the chiral separation effect with mass correction, the chiral anomaly from the axial current and the quantum magnetic moment density induced by vorticity and magnetic field. We also show how to generate the global polarization effect due to spin vorticity coupling. The formalism presented may serve as a practical theoretical framework to study different spin effects in relativistic fermion systems encountered in different areas such as heavy ion, astro-particle and condensed matter physics as well.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
Deep neural networks (DNN) have achieved unprecedented success in numerous machine learning tasks in various domains. However, the existence of adversarial examples raises our concerns in adopting ...deep learning to safety-critical applications. As a result, we have witnessed increasing interests in studying attack and defense mechanisms for DNN models on different data types, such as images, graphs and text. Thus, it is necessary to provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of the main threats of attacks and the success of corresponding countermeasures. In this survey, we review the state of the art algorithms for generating adversarial examples and the countermeasures against adversarial examples, for three most popular data types, including images, graphs and text.
According to global cancer statistics, there were an estimated 18·1 million new cancer cases and 9·6 million cancer deaths worldwide in 2018.1 In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, these millions of ...patients with cancer seem to be more susceptible to the viral disease than the general population. Neither study was able to analyse the relationship between clinical outcomes and treatment strategies. ...the authors did not analyse the frequent thrombophilic complications in cancer as well as in COVID-19: deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A few other short reports with small sample sizes have also focused on patients with cancer, describing clinical characteristics of patients with cancer and investigating their prognosis.5–7 The studies found higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with cancer compared with the general population in Wuhan,5 and higher risk of severe events in patients with cancer and COVID-19,6 particularly those who had received antitumour treatment recently.7 When taking all studies into consideration, patients with cancer and COVID-19 in China have a case fatality rate of up to 20%, which is much higher than that of the community (1·8–7·2%), as reported in various countries (figure). ...patients with cancer who had received chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy, or had undergone surgery 2–4 weeks before presenting with COVID-19 were found to have an approximately 4-times higher risk for in-hospital death than patients who had not been recently treated with anticancer therapies (figure).
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Crystalline and porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) materials have attracted enormous attention in the field of photocatalytic H2 evolution due to their ...long‐range order structures, large surface areas, outstanding visible light absorbance, and tunable band gaps. In this work, we successfully integrated two‐dimensional (2D) COF with stable MOF. By covalently anchoring NH2‐UiO‐66 onto the surface of TpPa‐1‐COF, a new type of MOF/COF hybrid materials with high surface area, porous framework, and high crystallinity was synthesized. The resulting hierarchical porous hybrid materials show efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light irradiation. Especially, NH2‐UiO‐66/TpPa‐1‐COF (4:6) exhibits the maximum photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 23.41 mmol g−1 h−1 (with the TOF of 402.36 h−1), which is approximately 20 times higher than that of the parent TpPa‐1‐COF and the best performance photocatalyst for H2 evolution among various MOF‐ and COF‐based photocatalysts.
Effective separation: A novel MOF/COF hybrid material assembled by covalent connecting two components, exhibits effective visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic H2 evolution due to the ideal band matching and effectively promoting the separation of the photogenerated charges and holes.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The development of a feasible and inexpensive strategy to obtain and utilize sustainable energy is an important issue for the sustainable development of human society. Over the past decade, ...significant progress has been made in the development of novel functional materials for energy conversion and storage. Owing to their unique physico‐chemical properties, 2D layered materials, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, have attracted great interest in energy‐related research. 1T‐MoS2 is a metallic phase of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with extraordinary electronic conductivity, enlarged interlayer spacing, and more electrochemically active sites along the basal plane, which offers intriguing benefits for energy‐related applications compared to its semiconducting counterpart (2H‐MoS2). This review summarizes the preparation and structure–property relationships of 1T‐MoS2, as well as the underlying relations between the metallic (1T) and semiconducting (2H) phases of MoS2. Recent progress in the preparation and stabilization of 1T‐MoS2 materials and their applications for energy conversion and storage are discussed, including water splitting to form hydrogen via photo/electrocatalysis and electricity storage in lithium‐ion batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, magnesium‐ion batteries, and supercapacitors. Optimization strategies of 1T‐MoS2 to obtain enhanced practical properties based on theoretical calculations are also presented.
Recent progress in the unique physico‐chemical features, preparation approaches and stabilization strategies of the metallic phase of 1T‐MoS2 materials are summarized in this paper. Their applications for energy conversion and storage including hydrogen evolution, batteries and supercapacitors are critically discussed. The theoretical perspectives and underlying design strategies for optimizing the structure‐related performances of 1T‐MoS2 are also highlighted.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, both in the ...venous and arterial circulations, because of excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. In addition, many patients receiving antithrombotic therapy for thrombotic disease may develop COVID-19, which can have implications for choice, dosing, and laboratory monitoring of antithrombotic therapy. Moreover, during a time with much focus on COVID-19, it is critical to consider how to optimize the available technology to care for patients without COVID-19 who have thrombotic disease. Herein, the authors review the current understanding of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, management, and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who develop venous or arterial thrombosis, of those with pre-existing thrombotic disease who develop COVID-19, or those who need prevention or care for their thrombotic disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this paper, we deal with the problem of tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in strictfeedback form subject to completely unknown system nonlinearities, hard constraints on ...full states, and unknown time-varying bounded disturbances. Integral barrier Lyapunov functionals are constructed to handle the unknown affine control gains (g(·)) with state constraints simultaneously. This removes the need on the knowledge of control gains for control design and avoids the conservative step of transforming original state constraints into new bounds on tracking errors. Neural networks (NNs) are used to approximate the unknown continuous packaged functions. To enhance the robustness, adapting parameters are developed to compensate the unknown bounds on NNs approximations and external disturbances. Design parameters-dependent feasibility conditions are formulated as sufficient conditions for the existence of feasible design parameters to guarantee the state constraints, and an offline constrained optimization step is proposed to obtain the optimal design parameters prior to the implementation of the proposed control. It is proved that the proposed control can guarantee the semiglobal uniform ultimate boundedness of all signals in closed-loop system, all states are ensured to remain in the predefined constrained state space, and tracking error converges to an adjustable neighborhood of the origin by choosing appropriate design parameters. Simulations are performed to validate the proposed control.
PDF
