Myodural bridge (MDB) is a dense connective tissue between suboccipital muscle and dura mater. However, there are few reports on the development and maturation of the human MDB. This study aims to ...explore the developmental relationship between suboccipital muscle and MDB. 30 head and neck specimens from human fetuses (F) ranging from the 12th to 41st week (W) were made into histological sections. The F12W sections showed evidence that the dura mater dominated by fibroblasts, attached to the posterior atlanto-axial membrane (PAAM) which completely sealed the atlanto-axial space. In the F13W stage, myofibrils of the suboccipital muscle fibers increased significantly in number. At the F14W stage, a gap was observed at the caudal end of the PAAM. Numerous myodural bridge-like structures were observed blending into the dura mater through the gap. At the F19W stage, muscle cells mature. Starting at the F21W stage, the MDB were observed as fibroblasts that cross the atlanto-axial interspace and attach to the dura mater. Therefore, the traction generated by the suboccipital muscles seems to promote the maturity of MDB. This study will provide new morphological knowledge to support future research on the function of the human MDB and regulating the development mechanism of MDB.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary
The paper mainly reports the structural dynamic behaviors of a skyscraper under operational conditions based on a wireless distributed synchronized data acquisition (WDSA) system. First, the ...WDSA system is developed to conveniently acquire the structural responses from a large and complex structure with the unified Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time information. The phase synchronization accuracy of the WDSA method is validated by comparing the modal parameters estimated by both wired central data acquisition (WCA) and the WDSA systems. Subsequently, the dynamic properties of a skyscraper are presented by performing operational modal analysis (OMA) based on the proposed WDSA system. Finally, the WDSA‐based continuous dynamic monitoring system is further developed to capture the long‐term structural responses at different spatial positions. The structural dynamic behaviors of the skyscraper under normal wind, typhoon and earthquake conditions are reported. The structural “whiplash effect” under both normal wind and earthquake conditions are characterized by the acceleration‐based accumulated contribution factor.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors have received a significant amount of attention in a variety of areas; especially, self-powered photodetectors are anticipated to address the energy-saving demand in ...the astronautics under the photovoltaic effect. In this work, a ZnO:Ga/Al 0.1 Ga 0.9 N heterojunction is introduced for performing UV photodetector, which is enhanced by the pyro-photoelectric effect coupling of pyroelectric and photovoltaic effects. The heterojunction UV photodetector can operate in a self-powered mode with responsivity of 0.063 mA W -1 under the illumination of 135 μW cm -2 . More importantly, after pyro-photoelectric enhancement, the photocurrent is effectively increased from 13 pA to 45 pA. Additionally, under the illumination of 493 μW cm -2 , the photo-to-dark-current ratio ( PDCR ) of 80 and 1.7 × 10 4 are obtained at reverse bias of -10 V and forward bias of +10 V, respectively, indicating that the heterojunction UV photodetector can be regarded as a dual-mode photodetector since it can operate in both forward-biased photoconductive mode and reverse-biased depletion mode. Moreover, the UV photodetector exhibits a fast temporal pulsed laser response with a rising time of 0.79 ms and decay time of 9.4 ms. In all, this work presents a novel strategy for the advancement of UV detection.
Background
Inflammation has been associated with vascular access (VA) dysfunction. The adipocytokine leptin can directly induce pro‐inflammatory T helper 1 immune responses and the pathogenesis of ...chronic inflammation. We explored the association between plasma leptin and VA dysfunction in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HEMO).
Methods
A total of 344 consecutive patients who received anastomosis for VA at a single HEMO center between June 1, 2010 and December 31, 2021 were screened. Of these patients, 267 met the inclusion criteria and were included. ELISA was used to measure circulating levels of leptin.
Results
The VA dysfunction group had a higher leptin level than the patent VA group. A higher concentration of leptin was independently and significantly associated with an elevated risk of VA dysfunction. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that leptin, female sex, and hypertension were independently associated with VA dysfunction, even after adjusting for known biomarkers. We then evaluated the ability of leptin, female sex, and hypertension to predict the risk of VA dysfunction, and the area under the curve (AUC) for leptin was 0.626 (p = 0.0001). When leptin, female sex, and hypertension were added to this multivariate model, the AUC increased to 0.679 (p = 0.001) for leptin and hypertension, and 0.690 for leptin, hypertension, and female sex (p = 0.004). In addition, plasma leptin levels were associated with sex, body mass index, and hemoglobin.
Conclusions
In addition to the association between leptin and VA dysfunction, hypertension and female sex independently predicted VA dysfunction in patients with HEMO.
Leptin plasma levels were according to disease status and vascular access (VA) status. According to the disease status, the subjects were classified as having hemodialysis (HEMO) or being non‐HEMO controls (A). According to the VA status, the subjects were classified as having VA dysfunction or being VA patency (B). Data are expressed as the individual point values and median in ng/mL. The horizontal line across individual values represents the median. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of plasma leptin in predicting VA dysfunction in HEMO patients (C).
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Growth differentiation factor 1 (GDF1) is a member of the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) superfamily and a protective mediator against the development of post‐infarction cardiac ...remodeling by negatively regulating MEK‐ERK1/2 and Smad signaling pathways in the heart. The TGF‐β/SMAD pathway has been shown to play a key role in the development of hepatic fibrosis. In addition, fatty liver disease has been associated with reduced MEK/ERK1/2 signaling. However, no previous study has investigated the association between GDF1 and liver fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between plasma GDF1 and liver fibrosis in patients with stable angina.
Methods
We included 327 consecutive patients with stable angina. ELISA was used to measure circulating levels of GDF1, and the fibrosis‐4 index was used to assess liver fibrosis.
Results
The advanced liver fibrosis group had lower median plasma GDF1 levels than those with minimal liver fibrosis. There was a significant negative association between GDF1 plasma level and fibrosis‐4 index (r = −0.135, p = 0.019). A lower concentration of GDF1 was significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis when concentration was analyzed as a continuous variable and by tertile. In addition, fibrosis‐4 index, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)‐to‐platelet ratio index, and AST/alanine aminotransferase ratio were significantly associated with GDF1 concentration.
Conclusions
Our results indicated an association between low plasma GDF1 and liver fibrosis in the enrolled patients. Further investigations into the role of plasma GDF1 in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis are warranted.
Classification of subjects into tertiles according to growth/differentiation factor 1 (GDF1) concentration revealed that the fibrosis‐4 index (A), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (B), and aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine aminotransferase ratio (C) were significantly associated with GDF1 concentration (p for trend < 0.05). Bars represent the mean ± SD.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Indoor mobile robot (IMR) motion control for e-SLAM techniques with limited sensors, i.e., only LiDAR, is proposed in this research. The path was initially generated from simple floor plans ...constructed by the IMR exploration. The path planning starts from the vertices which can be traveled through, proceeds to the velocity planning on both cornering and linear motion, and reaches the interpolated discrete points joining the vertices. The IMR recognizes its location and environment gradually from the LiDAR data. The study imposes the upper rings of the LiDAR image to perform localization while the lower rings are for obstacle detection. The IMR must travel through a series of featured vertices and perform the path planning further generating an integrated LiDAR image. A considerable challenge is that the LiDAR data are the only source to be compared with the path planned according to the floor map. Certain changes still need to be adapted into, for example, the distance precision with relevance to the floor map and the IMR deviation in order to avoid obstacles on the path. The LiDAR setting and IMR speed regulation account for a critical issue. The study contributed to integrating a step-by-step procedure of implementing path planning and motion control using solely the LiDAR data along with the integration of various pieces of software. The control strategy is thus improved while experimenting with various proportional control gains for position, orientation, and velocity of the LiDAR in the IMR.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Noble metallic nanocrystals (NMNCs) with highly branched morphologies are an exciting new class of nanomaterials because of their great potential application in catalysis, sensing, optics, and ...electronics originating from their unique structures. Herein, we report a facile water-based method to synthesize high-quality palladium (Pd) tetrapods with the assistance of arginine molecule, which is more economical and environmentally friendly than the previous reported carbon monoxide (CO)-assisted synthesis in the organic system. During the synthesis, arginine molecule plays an essential role in controlling the tetrapod-like morphology. The as-synthesized Pd tetrapods have a potential application in the formic acid (HCOOH)-induced reduction of highly toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) owing to their improved catalytic performance for the HCOOH decomposition.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Distilled grain waste (DGW) can be converted to organic fertilizer via aerobic composting process without inoculating exogenous microorganisms. To illustrate the material conversion mechanism, this ...study investigated the dynamic changes of bacterial community structure and metabolic function involved in DGW composting. Results showed that a significant increase in microbial community alpha diversity was observed during DGW composting. Moreover, unique community structures occurred at each composting stage. The dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Myxococcota, and Chloroflexi, whose abundance varied according to different composting stages. Keystone microbes can be selected as biomarkers for each stage, and
Microbispora
,
Chryseolinea
,
Steroidobacter
,
Truepera
, and
Luteimonas
indicating compost maturity. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a significant relationship between keystone microbes and environmental factors. The carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism were confirmed as the primary metabolic pathways by metabolic function profiles. Furthermore, nitrogen metabolism pathway analysis indicated that denitrification and NH
3
volatilization induced higher nitrogen loss during DGW composting. This study can provide new understanding of the microbiota for organic matter and nitrogen conversion in the composting process of DGW.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In manganese(iii) complexes with BPh4− as the counter anion, the ligand field strength and non-covalent interactions between cations and anions of the flexible Schiff-base ligands ...(R-sal-N-1,5,8,12)2− are tuned by modifying the different substituents at the 5-position or 3,5-positions on the phenyl rings of the salicylaldehyde, and the magneto-structural properties of complexes 5-I-BPh4 (1), 5-tBu-BPh4 (2), 5-OCH3-BPh4 (3), naphth-BPh4 (4) and 5-Br-3-OCH3-BPh4 (5) are investigated. Complex 1 undergoes an incomplete SCO with two different Mn(iii) sites, while complexes 2 and 3 remain in the HS state throughout the entire temperature range, suggesting the absence of magnetic state conversion. Under the effect of solvent, complex 4 shows different magnetic properties. Upon solvent loss, 4 displays a more complete SCO with a T1/2 of 140 K. In contrast to the complexes described above, complex 5 possesses two substituents, namely 5-Br and 3-OCH3. As a result, it exhibits an abrupt SCO effect due to the significantly stronger intermolecular cooperativity.
