In this paper, two novel algorithms are developed to design sparse linear-phase (LP) FIR filters. Compared to traditional design methods, they can jointly optimize coefficient sparsity and order of ...an LP FIR filter, so as to achieve a balance between filtering performance and implementation efficiency. The design problem under consideration is formally cast as a regularized l 0 -norm minimization problem, which is then tackled by two different design algorithms. In the first proposed algorithm, the objective function of the original design problem is replaced by its upper bound, which leads to a weighted l 0 -norm minimization problem, while in the second one a group of auxiliary variables are introduced such that the original design problem can be equivalently transformed to another weighted l 0 -norm minimization problem. The iterative-reweighted-least-squares (IRLS) algorithm is employed with appropriate modifications to solve both weighted l 0 -norm minimization problems. Simulation results show that, compared to traditional approaches, the proposed algorithms can achieve comparable or better design results in terms of both sparsity and effective filter order.
The incidence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been on the rise in recent years. Studies have shown that people with NSSI have difficulties in emotion regulation and cognitive control. In ...addition, some studies have investigated the cognitive emotion regulation of people with NSSI which found that they have difficulties in cognitive emotion regulation, but there was a lack of research on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and related neural mechanisms.
This study included 117 people with NSSI (age = 19.47 ± 5.13, male = 17) and 84 non-NSSI participants (age = 19.86 ± 4.14, male = 16). People with NSSI met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, and non-NSSI participants had no mental or physical disorders. The study collected all participants' data of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the differences in psychological performance and brain between two groups. Afterwards, Machine learning was used to select the found differential brain regions to obtain the highest correlation regions with NSSI. Then, Allen's Human Brain Atlas database was used to compare with the information on the abnormal brain regions of people with NSSI to find the genetic information related to NSSI. In addition, gene enrichment analysis was carried out to find the related pathways and specific cells that may have differences.
The differences between NSSI participants and non-NSSI participants were as follows: positive refocusing (t = −4.74, p < 0.01); refocusing on plans (t = −4.11, p < 0.01); positive reappraisal (t = −9.22, p < 0.01); self-blame (t = 6.30, p < 0.01); rumination (t = 3.64, p < 0.01); catastrophizing (t = 9.10, p < 0.01), and blaming others (t = 2.52, p < 0.01), the precentral gyrus (t = 6.04, pFDR < 0.05) and the rolandic operculum (t = −4.57, pFDR < 0.05). Rolandic operculum activity was negatively correlated with blaming others (r = −0.20, p < 0.05). Epigenetic results showed that excitatory neurons (p < 0.01) and inhibitory neurons (p < 0.01) were significant differences in two pathways, “trans-synaptic signaling” (p < −log108) and “modulation of chemical synaptic transmission” (p < −log108) in both cells.
People with NSSI are more inclined to adopt non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Rolandic operculum is also abnormally active. Abnormal changes in the rolandic operculum of them are associated with non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Changes in the excitatory and inhibitory neurons provide hints to explore the abnormalities of the neurological mechanisms at the cellular level of them.
Trial registration number NCT04094623
•The use of non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies was associated with abnormal changes in the Rolandic operculum.•Changes in excitatory and inhibitory neurons and abnormal performance of related pathways may be related to changes in brain regions and the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Restoring underwater image from a single image is known to be an ill-posed problem. Some assumptions made in previous methods are not suitable in many situations. In this paper, an effective method ...is proposed to restore underwater images. Using the quad-tree subdivision and graph-based segmentation, the global background light can be robustly estimated. The medium transmission map is estimated based on minimum information loss principle and optical properties of underwater imaging. Qualitative experiments show that our results are characterized by relatively genuine color, natural appearance, and improved contrast and visibility. Quantitative comparisons demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better quality of underwater images when compared with several other methods.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a high incidence of neurobehavioral disease in school-age children. Its neurobiological diagnosis (or classification) is meaningful for clinicians ...to give proper treatment for ADHD patients. The existing ADHD classification methods suffer from two problems, i.e., insufficient data and noise disturbance. In this paper, a high-accuracy classification method is proposed by using brain Functional Connectivity (FC) as ADHD features, where an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{l_{2,1}} </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) model and a binary hypothesis testing framework are effectively employed. In detail, we introduce a binary hypothesis testing framework to cope with insufficient data of ADHD database. The FCs of test data (without seeing its label) are used for training and thus affect the subspace learning of training data under binary hypotheses. On other hand, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{l_{2,1}} </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm LDA model generates a subspace to represent ADHD features, aiming to overcome noise disturbance. By robustly learning ADHD features, the subspace energy difference between binary hypotheses becomes more discriminative. Thereby, the true hypothesis can be rightly estimated with its larger subspace energy, which provides reliable evidence to predict the label of test data. By the test on ADHD-200 database, it shows that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods with the significant average accuracy of 97.6%. Moreover, the corresponding result analysis with ADHD symptom score and the explanation of discriminative FCs between ADHD and healthy control groups are given, which further verifies the validity of our classification method.
Objective
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) is a primary myocardial disease resulting in symptoms of heart failure. Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is associated with increased cardiovascular ...risk and all-cause mortality. Therefore, the present study was performed to identify the prognostic impact of RBBB in patients with IDCM.
Methods
In total, 165 hospitalized patients with IDCM were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the cutoff point, and Cox regression was used to assess risk factors.
Results
After a median follow-up of 73.1 months (interquartile range, 36.1–88.7 months), 59 (35.8%) patients had died. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with than without RBBB (log-rank χ2 = 9.400), P<0.05. Significant independent predictors of all-cause mortality in patients with IDCM were RBBB (hazard ratio, 2.898; 95% confidence interval, 1.201–6.995) and the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) (hazard ratio, 1.034; 95% confidence interval, 1.004–1.066) at admission. Patients with RBBB and an LVEDD of ≥63 mm had the highest mortality (log-rank χ2 = 14.854), P<0.05.
Conclusion
RBBB was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, and the combination of RBBB and LVEDD provided more clinically relevant information than RBBB alone for assessing the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with IDCM.
In the interweave cognitive networks, the interference from the primary user degrades the performance of the cognitive user transmissions. In this paper, we propose an adaptive cooperation scheme in ...the interweave cognitive networks to improve the performance of the cognitive user transmissions. In the proposed scheme for the bidirectional communication of two end-source cognitive users, the bidirectional communication is completed through the non-relay direct transmission, the one-way relaying cooperation transmission, and the two-way relaying cooperation transmission depending on the limited feedback from the end-sources. For the performance analysis of the proposed scheme, we derive the outage probability and the finite-SNR diversity multiplexing tradeoff (f-DMT) in a closed form, considering the imperfect spectrum sensing, the interference from the primary user, and the power allocation between the relay and the end-sources. The results show that compared with the direct transmissions (DT), the pure one-way relaying transmissions (POWRT), and the pure two-way relaying transmissions (PTWRT), the proposed scheme has better outage performance. In terms of the f-DMT, the proposed scheme outperforms the full cooperation transmissions of the POWRT and PTWRT. KCI Citation Count: 1
In the interweave cognitive networks, the interference from the primary user degrades the performance of the cognitive user transmissions. In this paper, we propose an adaptive cooperation scheme in ...the interweave cognitive networks to improve the performance of the cognitive user transmissions. In the proposed scheme for the bidirectional communication of two end-source cognitive users, the bidirectional communication is completed through the non-relay direct transmission, the one-way relaying cooperation transmission, and the two-way relaying cooperation transmission depending on the limited feedback from the end-sources. For the performance analysis of the proposed scheme, we derive the outage probability and the finite-SNR diversity multiplexing tradeoff (f-DMT) in a closed form, considering the imperfect spectrum sensing, the interference from the primary user, and the power allocation between the relay and the end-sources. The results show that compared with the direct transmissions (DT), the pure one-way relaying transmissions (POWRT), and the pure two-way relaying transmissions (PTWRT), the proposed scheme has better outage performance. In terms of the f-DMT, the proposed scheme outperforms the full cooperation transmissions of the POWRT and PTWRT.
This case reports a novel hemizygous frameshift EMD mutation (c.487delA, p.Ser163fs) in twins of an Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy family with severe cardiac involvement and mild muscle weakness. ...Their mother carried the same heterozygous mutation.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this article, a tree-indexed demarcation using forward and backward searches is proposed to segment the seriously touching characters, which is used as an important procedure for the character ...recognition in the real industrial scenarios. Unlike the segmentation directly depending on the histogram analysis, the reliable and unreliable valleys are first identified from a smoothed projection curve in our method, where a set of image pre-procedures are carefully carried out to catch this smoothed curve. With these operations, two segment binary trees are sequently constructed via the corresponding forwarding and backward searches of the valleys. Then, the delimiter candidates are sophisticatedly selected with a number of well-designed rules. The optimal segmented paths are finally obtained on the width variation measure of the characters, and the isolated characters are achieved. Experiments show that with our tree-indexed demarcation using forward and backward searches method, the touching character groups can be effectively segmented to better serve the industrial automatic recognition system.
Abstract
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare X-linked recessive disease characterized by the clinical triad of early childhood joint contractures, progressive weakness in muscles and ...cardiac involvement and can result in sudden death. Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed for a Chinese patient with EDMD and the previously reported mutation NM_000117.2: c.251_255del (p.Leu84Profs*7) in exon 3 of the emerin gene (
EMD
) was identified.
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