This paper describes the optimization of a workflow incorporating experimental implementation of information tools into paleopalynological research. It is proposed to streamline the work of expert ...palynologists by using an intelligent “deep learning” algorithm, utilizing identification resources such as atlases and photographic plates, by developing an adaptive database.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Research subject.
Spores of higher plants from the Early Frasnian deposits of the Main Devonian Field.
Material and methods.
The work is based on the biostratigraphic method with the following ...stages: determination of the taxonomic composition of palynospectra, substantiation of the host rocks age, and data correlation. Palynological analysis was conducted using an improved technique by I.Kh. Shumilov and O.P. Telnova, which produced positive results.
Results
. For the first time, spores of higher plants were found in the sections of the Amatsky and Plavinsky Horizons of the Main Devonian Field. The palynospectra of the Podsnetogorsk layers of the Amat and Snetogorsk layers of the Plyavinsky Horizons were described. The palynospectra of the Podsnetogorsk layers are correlated with the palynoassemblage from the upper part of the Timan, and the Snetogorsk layers are correlated with the palynoassembly of the Sargaev Horizons, established in the Timan-Pechora province. The identified palynospectra complement the associations of vertebrate and invertebrate fauna, as well as rare macroflora, previously studied in these sections. The palynospectra from the Snetogorsk beds are correlated with the palynoassemblage of the Cristatisporites deliquescens – Archaeoperisaccus mennerii regional zone of the Timan-Pechora province. The palynozone characterizes the stratigraphic interval corresponding to the rugosa–transitans conodont zones (middle–upper part of the Sargaev Horizon).
Conclusions.
The established palynoassemblage from the Snetogorsk layers corresponds to the middle part of the Sargaev Horizon – the stratigraphic interval of the rugosa conodont zone. For the first time, the conducted palynological studies established a binding between the regional stratigraphic unit of the Main Devonian Field and the standard conodont zone.
Lignin of Ancient Plant Fossils Telnova, O. P.; Marshall, J. E. A.; Kocheva, L. S. ...
Paleontological journal,
12/2022, Volume:
56, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A comprehensive study of dispersed Early Carboniferous seeds has been carried out to test the possibilities of using chemosystematics for Paleozoic fossils. This has involved their morphology; the ...ultrastructure of ion thinned sections and their material. The results of analysis of the FTIR and EPR spectra indicate that the key structural unit of the substance is the phenyl propane structure. The presence of relict lignin (
p
‑coumaric type) was established by structural-chemical analysis using pyrolytic chromatomass-spectrometry. Lignins of this type are unknown in modern plants. The concentration of phenoxyl radicals is 2–3 orders of magnitude higher in the samples than in modern lignins.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Miospores with spines that have bifurcate tips and an equatorial flange from the genus
Ancyrospora
were an important part of the Mid and Late Devonian spore flora. A number of the early species were ...described from the Arctic regions of both Canada (Nunavut) and the Timan, Russia. The history of the genus
Ancyrospora
is reviewed, rediagnosed and compared with
Hystricosporites
and
Nikitinsporites
two genera that also possess bifurcate tipped spines. Material from Arctic Canada and Russia was investigated to compare the Givetian and Frasnian species of
Ancyrospora
that were described in early publications by McGregor, Owens, and Naumova. The species
Ancyrospora ampulla
,
A. melvillensis
,
A. simplex
,
A. incisa
,
A. arguta
,
A. laciniosa
and
A. polyacantha
are illustrated and described using the same terminology including profiles of the bifurcate sculptural elements. Morphological lineages are recognised between the different species and the
Ancyrospora melvillensis
morphon defined. Comparative range charts are presented from both Arctic Canada and Russia. Many of the taxonomic issues in comparing Canadian and Russian
Ancyrospora
are resolved.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Orestovia
-like plants were dominants in the formation of Devonian coals, among the most ancient in Earth’s history. A complex study of them was conducted, clarifying the possibilities of ...chemosystematics for Paleozoic fossil plants. The morphology and material composition of plant compressions are described. EPR spectroscopy has shown the presence of paramagnetic properties in the studied compressions, a specific feature of lignins and products of their transformation. The method of pyrolytic chromato-mass spectrometry revealed the aromatic nature of organic matter, structurally similar to lignin and built exclusively from
p
-coumaric units.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The morphology and ultrastructure of spores of the Devonian plant
Kryshtofovichia africani
Nikitin are examined. The structure of ultrathin exine megaspores
of K. africani
is established. The exine ...consists of two layers: granular ectexine and lamellate endexine. Microspores have a lamellate ultrastructure with a trend toward loosening and formation of the granular structure towards the ectexine outer part. Heterospory of
K. africani
is apparent in both morphological characters and sporoderm ultrastructure of micro- and megaspores.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In the course of life development, just a small number of key evolutionary events were registered that inspired global biosphere changes. The explosive development of terrestrial vegetation and the ...appearance of forest ecosystems in the Devonian period was one of such events. Land colonization started by bryophytes, and their ancestors required the appearance and development of various root systems. Roots evolved separately and independently in several main directions, rapidly expanding their functionality. Numerous paleosol horizons and their complexes were studied in the middle reaches of Tsilma River on the Middle Timan Ridge in the red-colored mid- and upper Devonian sediments. The palynological data testified to highly diverse terrestrial flora in this area. The ancient soils contained in situ roots of various types. This work was aimed at morphological description of the discovered root systems. At present, the taxonomy of Devonian root systems is at the stage of primary data accumulation. As a result of the studies, three morphological types of root systems belonging mainly to grass-like plants have been identified in paleosols. There are no descriptions of such objects in paleobotanical literature. Morphological types of root systems are correlated with geomorphological features of the studied territory.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The results of bio- and lithostratigraphic studies of the Givetian-Frasnian rocks in the Tsil’ma River basin are reported. They suggest regularities in sedimentation: distinct rhythmicity and similar ...succession in the structure of formations. We have identified five palynocomplexes that characterize the formations and make it possible to accomplish a confident biostratigraphic subdivision of sections. Their correlation with coeval complexes in the adjacent areas has been accomplished. The results made it possible to unravel specific features of miospore assemblages formed in the continental and coastal-marine facies.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The ultrastructure of three Devonian prasinophycean species (green algae):
Inderites reticulatus
(Naumova) Telnova,
I. devonicus
(Naumova) Telnova, and
Tasmanites domanicus
(Naumova) Telnova is ...described. Members of the genus
Inderites are
shown to have double-layer walls (outer homogeneous layer, and inner finely porous layer). The genus
Tasmanites
is characterized by single-layer (homogeneous) walls. All of the described Paleozoic
Tasmanites
have a similar ultrastructure. Species differ in shell thickness and distributional pattern of pores.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Research subject.
Late Givetian-Early Frasnian brachiopods, conodonts and spores of higher plants from the Timan Horizon of borehole No. 8 Tsarichankaya.
Material and methods.
The ...biostratigraphical me thod was used to isolate fossils and to determine the taxonomic compositions of brachiopods, conodonts and higher plant spores from deposits drilled by borehole No. 8 Tsarichanskaya (interval 3637.00–3647.00 m), to substantiate their age and carry out a correlation. An improved technique of I. Kh. Shumilov and O. P. Telʼnova was used when proces sing spore samples.
Results.
The uppermost Givetian zonal species Skeletognathus norrisi (Uyeno) was identified. Brachiopods and higher plant spores in association with conodonts are typical for the Upper Timan Subhorizon. The results obtained clarify the paleontological characteristics of the Givetian–Frasnian boundary interval on the Russian platform. The findings indicate a wider range of the Skeletognathus norrisi stratigraphical distribution (the latest Givetian–Early Frasnian), including the Upper Timan Subhorizon.
Conclusions.
The marine and terrestrial fossils isolated from the same rock samples allowed the authors to provide a complex paleontological characteristic of the Upper Тiman Subhorizon, which is considered as being a variant of the D2-D3 boundary. It is significant for interregional correlations of different facies deposits.
