Bedding material, which is a significant part of rodent housing, affects the health and well-being of laboratory animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate perlite as a bedding material for ...rodents and to compare it with wood shavings, expanded perlite and corncobs. The animals used in this experiment were 48 male and 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats. The bedding materials collected from experimental groups were analysed microbiologically. Blood samples from rats were subjected to biochemical analysis for catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, superoxide and dismutase, and foot pad skins of rats were subjected to histopathological examination. Body weight was determined at the end of the 30-day period. Perlite as the only bedding material had no effect on body weight, and it resulted in less microbial activity compared with the wood shavings, expanded perlite and corncobs. However, using perlite alone had negative effects on the skin, the moisture percentage of bedding and stress parameters. A wood shavings-perlite combination gave better results than perlite alone and appropriate perlite and other bedding material mixtures may result in bedding materials conducive to animal health and welfare. The frequency of changing the bedding material should be limited to once weekly.
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In the presented study, we aimed to investigate
fetal wastage and endometritis ratio in slaughterhouses. For this aim, we
examined the uterus and ovarium tissues of slaughtered cattle by using
...macroscopic and histopathological evaluation methods to detect pregnancy and
metritis ratio. Routine histopathological processing was performed for gathered
tissues. All sections were stained with hematoxylin- eosin. After staining all
slides were examined under the light microscopy. Out of the 140 cattle, 18 animals were found
to be pregnant at different stages of pregnancy. No histopathological changes were
observed in 62 uterus organs of 122 non-pregnant cattle and inflammatory
uterine lesions were observed in different characters and intensities in 60
uterus organs. In result of this study, we detect the percentage of pregnant
animals which are slaughtered is 12,8%. Besides, the percentage of female
animals with no pathological lesions were found to be an obstacle to pregnancy
is 44,2%. According to these findings, we were in the belief that these rates
are a significant loss in terms of our local economy.
Bu çalışmada; kesime sevk edilen ineklerin, uterus
organlarının makroskobik ve histopatolojik muayenelerinin yapılması, böylece
gebe olarak kesime sevk edilen hayvan sayısının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Ayrıca,
toplanan örneklerde yapılacak histopatolojik mueyene ile endometritisli
hayvanların, uteruslarında yangı olmayan hayvanlara oranının tespit edilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla dişi hayvan kesimleri rutin olarak takip edildi ve bu
hayvanlara ait uterus organları toplandı. Toplanan bu organlar detaylı
makroskobik ve histopatolojik muayeneden geçirildi. Tüm kesitler
hematoksilen-eozin boyama yöntemi ile boyandı ve histopatolojik muayene ışık
mikroskobu kullanılarak yapıldı. Toplam 140 hayvana ait uterus organlarının dış
bakısında 18 (%12.8) hayvanın farklı dönemlerde gebe olduğu tespit edildi. Yine
uterus organlarına yapılan makroskobik ve histopatolojik incelemeler sonucunda
gebe olmayan 122 hayvana ait organların 62’ sinde herhangi patolojik bir
değişiklik izlenmedi, 60’ ında ise farklı karakter ve şiddetlerde yangısal
lezyonlar izlendi. Sonuç olarak kesime
sevk edilen dişi hayvanlardan gebe hayvan oranının yöremizde %12.8 olduğu,
ayrıca kesilen hayvanların %44.2’ sinde gebeliğe engel teşkil edecek herhangi
bir patolojik lezyona rastlanmadığı görülmüş ve bu oranların bölge
hayvancılığımız açısından önemli bir kayıp olduğu kanısına varılmıştır.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the findings of endometrial cytology in cows with acute and chronic endometritis. For this purpose samples were collected from 217 Brown Swiss and ...Holstein cows, housed on the Ataturk University Dairy Research Farm between the years 2010 and 2012, and they were stained with Giemsa for cytological examination. In the evaluation, overall 100 cells were counted in the microscopic area and the cells were classified as polymorph nuclear leukocyte, macrophage, lymphocyte and epithelial cells. The cytopathological classification was done according to the percentages of inflammatory cells. Briefly, 126 (58.06 %) samples had extensive inflammatory cells, and of the uterine samples 91 (41.94 %) had normal exfoliation. According to the cellular density results, acute, and chronic and subacute endometritis were described in 68 (31.33 %), 23 (10.60 %) and 35 (16.13 %) cases, respectively. In conclusion, endometrial cytology was found to be an applicable and reliable diagnostic method in diagnosis and diffentiation of acute and chronic endometritis. Key words: cow, endometrial cytology, endometritis Cilj istrazivanja bio je procijeniti citoloske nalaze u endometriju krava s akutnim i kronicnim endometritisom. U tu su svrhu izmedu 2010. i 2012. godine bili prikupljeni uzorci od 217 krava smede i holstajnske pasmine, uzgajanih na pokusnoj mlijecnoj farmi na Sveucilistu Ataturk. Uzorci su bili obojeni Giemsinim bojenjem. Pri procjeni je u vidnom polju mikroskopa bilo izbrojeno ukupno 100 stanica koje su razvrstane u polimorfononuklearne leukocite, makrofage, limfocite i epitelne stanice. Citopatolosko razvrstavanje bilo je provedeno na osnovi postotka upalnih stanica. Ukratko, upalne stanice bile su ustanovljene u 126 (58,06 %) uzoraka, dok je u 91 (41,94 %) uzorku maternice ustanovljeno normalno ljustenje stanica. Na osnovi stanicne gustoce, akutni endometritis bio je dokazan u 68 (31,33 %) uzoraka, kronicni u 23 (10,60 %), a subakutni u 35 (16,13 %) uzoraka. Zakljucno, citologija endometrija pokazala se primjenjljivom i pouzdanom metodom u dijagnostici odnosno razlikovanju akutnog od kronicnog endometritisa. Kljucne rijeci: krava, citologija, endometrij, endometritis
Mesothelioma In A Dog
Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi dergisi,
2/2012, Volume:
59, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
In this study a mesothelioma case observed in a four-year-old female Rottweiler dog was defined. Macroscopically, on the serosal surfaces of the stomach and intestines, numerous masses showing ...diffuse distribution, greyish yellow in colour and hard consistency were observed. Microscopically, tumour cells were predominantly spindle-shaped with moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm and ovoid nuclei. These cells was not stained with epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) staining, the epithelial marker, while stained with the epithelial marker pancytokeratin and mesenchymal marker vimentin in the avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC-P) method. As a result, tumor case seen in a dog's stomach and intestinal serosal surface was defined as a mesothelioma according to the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that threatens the health of the world population. We investigated the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) administration on inflammation status and ...metabolic profile in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Four experimental groups were established: healthy rats not administered OA, healthy rats administered OA, diabetic rats not administered OA, diabetic rats administered OA. OA, 5 mg/kg, was administered by oral gavage for 21 days. Serum samples collected at the end of the experiment and analyzed for toll-like receptor-9, interleukin-18, nuclear factor kappa B, malondialdehyde MDA, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. Pancreas tissue was examined for pathology. Induction of DM caused increased serum concentrations of inflammation and oxidative damage markers. DM also caused hyperglycemia-hyperlipidemia and decreased serum concentration of minerals. The islets of Langerhans were degenerated and necrotic. Administration of OA reversed the adverse effects of DM. OA treatment can ameliorate inflammation and oxidative damage due to DM by normalizing hyperglycemia and decreasing TLR-9, IL-18, NF-κB and MDA levels.
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6.
Accessory tongue in a calf KAPAKİN, Kübra A. Terim; KAPAKIN, Samet; SAĞLAM, Yavuz S
Veteriner fakultesi dergisi,
2009, Volume:
15, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Bu makalede bir İsviçre esmeri melezi buzağıda görülen aksesuar dil olgusu tanımlandı. Buzağıda kafanın vücuda oranla
daha büyük şekillendiği, kafa ve boyun bölgesinin oldukça ödemli olduğu dikkat ...çekti. Ağız boşluğu incisura vasorum hizasından
kesilerek ayrıldı. Ağız boşluğunun tabanında 11.3 cm x 3.1 cm x 1.7 cm boyutlarında normal bir dilin bulunduğu gözlendi.
Ancak, dilin ventralinde, hareketli kısmın anterior 2/3 bölümü, inferior yüzeyinde 5.1 cm x 4.2 cm x 1.3 cm boyutlarında koyu
kırmızı renkte bir oluşum dikkati çekti. Ayrıca, normal dil üzerinde bulunan papillalar, bu oluşum üzerinde gözlenmedi.
Histopatolojik incelemede bu oluşumda normal bir dil epitelinin devam ettiği, buna karşın dil papillalarının ve stratum
korneum'un çok belirgin olmadığı dikkati çekti. Lamina propriada yoğun kanama alanları ve yer yer yangı hücreleri gözlendi. Bu
kesitler Masson's trichrome metodu ile de boyandı. Yapılan histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda bu kitlenin konjenital
malformasyonlardan biri olan ve hem insanlarda hem de hayvanlarda nadir görülen aksesuar dil olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Ayrıca
buzağıdaki aksesuar dil Anaglif tekniği kullanılarak görüntülendi.
This paper describes a case of accessory tongue in a male Brown Swiss crossbred calf. It was observed that the skull of calf
was proportionally bigger as compared to the body, and the regions of head and neck were oedematous. The cavity of mouth
was opened by cutting at the level of incisura vasorum. There was a normal tongue with 11.3 cm x 3.1 cm x 1.7 cm in size at
the base of the cavity. However, surprisingly there was a further dark red coloured movable mass in 5.1 cm x 4.2 cm x 1.3 cm
size at the inferior surface of 2/3 anterior part of lingual body located at the ventral side of tongue. There were papillae on the
surface of normal tongue while, they were absent on the mass. Histopathological examinations of the mass revealed that there
was an epithelial layer with no apparent overlying papillae and stratum corneum. Occasionally, inflammatory cells and
hemorrhagic foci were observed in the lamina propria. The sections were also stained by Masson's trichrome method. It was
concluded that the mass was a congenital malformations and actually an accessory tongue that is rarely seen in both humans
and animals. The accessory tongue in the calf was also viewed by anaglyph technique.
The primary limitation of gentamicin (Gm) treatment is its potential to induce nephrotoxicity, which can restrict both its duration and efficacy. This study aims to investigate the protective effects ...of Crocin (Cr) against Gm-induced nephrotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms, including inflammation, apoptosis, TLR-4, Nrf-2/HO-1 pathways. 36 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups for the study. Group I received only saline. Groups II and III were administered 25 and 50 mg/kg of crocin, respectively. Group IV was treated with 80 mg/kg of Gm. Groups V and VI received 25 and 50 mg/kg of crocin, respectively, in addition to Gm administration. Crocin demonstrated protective effects on kidney tissue. It down-regulated the genes NF-κB, COX-2, TLR-4, Bax, and Caspase-3, while up-regulating Bcl-2, Nrf-2, and HO-1. In conclusion, these findings hold promise for the prevention of Gm-induced nephrotoxicity through the modulation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.
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•Crocin exhibits an antioxidant effect against gentamicin.•Crocin attenuates gentamicin-induced renal tissue damage.•Crocin attenuates gentamicin-induced inflammation.•Crocin suppresses gentamicin-induced apoptosis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The liver is the primary site for fructose metabolism; therefore, the liver is susceptible to fructose related metabolic disturbances including metabolic insulin dysfunction, dyslipidemia and ...inflammation. We investigated whether astaxanthin (ASX) can modify hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) expression to alter oxidative stress caused by ingestion of excess fructose in rats. The animals were divided randomly into two x two factorially arranged groups: two regimens were given either water (W) or 30% fructose in drinking water (F). These two groups were divided further into two subgroups each: two treatments, either orally with 0.2 ml olive oil (OO) or 1 mg ASX/kg/day in 0.2 ml olive oil (ASX). Fructose administration increased serum glucose, triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins, and decreased serum concentration of high density lipoproteins; fructose did not alter serum total cholesterol. Excess fructose decreased hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased hepatic NF-κB and MDA levels. ASX treatment increased hepatic SIRT-1 and decreased hepatic NF-κB and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. ASX treatment decreased hepatic NF-κB and increased SOD levels, but did not alter MDA level in rats fed high fructose. ASX administration ameliorated oxidative stress caused by excess fructose by increasing hepatic NF-κB and SIRT-1 expression.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study was conducted to determine the effect of astaxanthin (ASX) treatment on alleviation of renal damage in high fructose induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 ...factorial fashion: administrations of fructose (30%, via drinking water) and ASX (1 mg/kg/day, within 0.2 ml olive oil) for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The ASX treatment decreased serum urea (p < .01) and blood urea-N concentrations (p < .02) at a lower extent in rats receiving fructose than those not receiving fructose. Moreover, the ASX treatment reversed the increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < .0001) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (p < .0003) levels and the decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < .0001) and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) level (p < .0004), in the kidney upon high fructose consumption. The data suggest that ASX supplementation alleviates renal damage induced by high fructose consumption through modulating NF-κB/SIRT1 pathway and mitigating oxidative stress.
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We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as a treatment for Achilles tendinopathy (AT) induced with type-I collagenase in rats and compare it with collagen.
The AT ...model was induced with type I collagenase, and animals were randomly assigned to groups. Group 1:AT, Group 2: Collagen (7.2 mg/kg/day), Group 3:DHA (300 mg/kg/day), and Group 4:DHA (100 mg/kg/day). Right tendons of Group1 were used as a healthy control (HC). Oral treatments were applied for eight weeks. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β) concentrations were determined by ELISA. Tendon samples were taken for histopathological evaluation and examined immunohistochemically with antibodies specific for Col1A1, TNF-α, MMP-13, IL-1β, and nitric oxide synthase-2(NOS-2). The ultimate tensile force (UTF) yield force(YF) and stiffness were measured by biomechanical assessments.
UTF,YF and stiffness values were increased in all treatment groups compared to the AT control, a significant increase was found in Group 2 (p < 0.05). There was severe degeneration of tendon cells in the AT control. The tendon cells in samples from Groups 2-3 were less degraded, and this was statistically significant (p < 0.05). TNF-α, MMP-13, IL-1β, and NOS-2 expressions were significantly higher in the AT control compared to the HC. In all treatment groups, their concentrations were lower than in the AT control. Serum TNF-α, MMP-13, and IL-1β levels were lower in all treatment groups (Especially in Group3 (p < 0.001)) compared to Group1.
The efficacy of high-dose DHA as a treatment for AT was investigated from biochemical, histopathological, and biomechanical perspectives. The results showed that DHA could be an alternative treatment compound to collagen.
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