Razlikujući idealnu od tipske države, Slobodan Jovanović govori o nastanku države, njenim elementima i zadacima, odnosu države i prava, državnim savezima i saveznoj državi. Dok se individualistička, ...liberalna škola, štiteći ekonomsku slobodu i princip slobodnog tržišta, protivi državnom intervencionizmu, Jovanović smatra da država ne sme ostati neutralna, jer se tržišna utakmica ne vodi samo između pojedinaca, već dolazi i do sukoba različitih klasa, koje teže da potčine jedna drugu. Međutim, Slobodan Jovanović je negirao eksploataciju seljaka o kojoj je govorio Svetozar Marković, jer između činovnika i seljaka ne postoji veza ekonomske zavisnosti, kao u odnosu radnika i vlasnika sredstava za proizvodnju. Jovanović se bavio i analizom političkih stavova Pere Todorovića i jednog od vođa Napredne stranke Milana Piroćanca, ali i izučavanjem ideja Platona, Makijavelija, Berka, Marksa. Jovanović ističe da Platonova država ima malo veze s demokratskim političkim uređenjem, ali u pogledu stepena slobode vrši poređenja s ideologijama XX veka, fašizmom i boljševizmom. Dok sličnost s fašizmom proističe iz suprotstavljanja demokratskom individualizmu, i boljševizam, kao i Platonov idealizam, se protivi plutokratiji i zagovara diktaturu manjine. Prosvetiteljska filozofija, njeno idealističko verovanje u razum, odbacivanje tradicije i iskustva, uz Rusoovsko shvatanje antropološkog optimizma, bili su pokretač francuskih revolucionarnih težnji. Nasuprot apstraktnih revolucionarnih načela slobode, bratstva i jednakosti, Edmund Berk prednost daje istoriji, tradiciji i iskustvu. Istražujući srpsko ustavno pitanje tokom XIX veka, Slobodan Jovanović analizira društveno-političke okolnosti nastanka ustavnih tekstova, teorijske uticaje, strane uzore, ali i delovanje velikih sila prilikom pisanja ustavnih nacrta i u prvim danima njihovog važenja.
The history of human civilization is the history of wars. Peace was primarily perceived as a pause between those wars. From the concept of the absence of war, peace has transformed to a far more ...inclusive concept that includes the absence of various types of non-military threats to human well-being. Peace has not only changed its own theoretical foundations but also the practical understanding of international politics. The concept of peace was inextricably linked to war. Hence, the authors attached importance to the expansion and deepening of the concept of war in international relations, which could also be waged by non-military means in non-physical space. The evolution of war from state and military to forms involving non-state actors, non-military threats and new arenas of warfare, i.e., cyberspace, were presented as significant subject of analysis. Relationship between war and peace was investigated in the entire historical scope, looking at it through the prism of an eclectic theoretical-methodological approach. The results found lack of the possibilities for a world without wars and reach a pessimistic conclusion that war in new forms will continue to be a feature of international politics, while peace will primarily be perceived as a period of absence of war.
Predmet ovoga rada jeste poluintelektualac u naučnoj vizuri Slobodana Jovanovića. Jovanović je, u svojim delima, ovom karakternom tipu ličnosti posvećivao posebnu pažnju, uveravajući čitaoce u svu ...beskorisnost ovakvog tipa čoveka koji uporno stremi vlasti. Odsustvo moralnih osobina poluintelektualca, u interakciji s izazovima koje nameće državna vlast, neumitno dovodi do njegovog daljeg kvarenja. Otuda poluintelektualac ima svojstvo faktora koji širi svoje vrednosne stavove na druge. On ih čini ogoljenim karijeristima nespremnim za ispravne, već prijemčivim za nemoralne kompromise. Upoznavanje s ovakvom ličnošću, pronalaženje istorijskih primera i poređenje s aktuelnim društvenim prilikama ponovo aktuelizuje Slobodana Jovanovića u naučnoj javnosti. Istorijski vakuum, u kome je bio zabranjivan, kasnije se nastavlja suprotnim procesom, odnosno povećanim interesovanjem autora za Jovanovićevu naučnu misao. Ubrzano počinje period publikovanja knjiga i rasprava u kojima se javnost upoznaje s autentičnim momentima njegovog života i intelektualnog rada.
Cilj ovog rada se ogleda u originalnom prikazu stavova i mišljenja Slobodana Jovanovića o poluintelektualcu. Pored ovog tematskog obuhvata, u radu će biti razmatrana i šira teorijska misao Slobodana Jovanovića. Neselektivnim pristupom biće obuhvaćeni najvažniji izvori u kojima se pruža šira slika istorijskih događaja u čijem vrtlogu su važnu ulogu odigrali „poluintelektualniˮ pojedinci.
Rezultati rada se sastoje u iskazivanju sopstvenog zapažanja autora zasnovanog na originalnim zapisima Slobodana Jovanovića. U radu se eksplicitno zaključuje da njega, bez imalo preterivanja i pristrasnosti, smatramo nezaobilaznim autorom u teorijskom izučavanju fenomena državne vlasti. Pritom se izražena personifikacija državne vlasti ciljano zasniva na fenomenu poluintelektualca kao faktora njenog kvarenja.
Through art examples, I would like to show how real exhibiting space enters the dialogue with the visitor and his movement while using Virtual Reality and Artificial Intelligence. The analysis of the ...technological aspect is important, as well as the recognition of social and material conditions in the creation of new artistic practices, the production and later recognition of what happens to art. I would move within the paradigm shift of image, photography, film, installation, and Internet use, as well as within the emergence of artificial intelligence.
The audience is seen as a participant in the creation and evaluation of artistic experience, they are invited to reveal their action views. Today, the exchange of experiences as well as the study of common experience in the context of artistic research is made easier through art systems. Artists incorporate evaluation into their practice, thus, establishing a new program of research in art and technology.
The interactive experience in the digital age explores different ways of creating and evaluating interactive art. While the visitor of contemporary art exhibitions explores and examines what is happening, how fast contemporary art is changing, (s)he still does not understand what is happening in front of her/him. Various art examples presented in this paper show a new phenomenon that places science, technology, and art on the same side. This opens a new chapter in artistic practice and makes the contemporary scene livelier and more diverse. At this point, we come to the possible sequence of events in art, which brings a new way of expression and provides an interesting space for further research.
Article received: May 20, 2022; Article accepted: July 15, 2022; Published online: October 15, 2022; Original scholarly paper
The paper deals with the analysis of external and internal influences on the emergence of various forms of collective emotions in Serbia in the last thirty years. Dominique Moïsi believes that ...cultures of fear, humiliation and hope dominate in certain countries and regions in the present, and characterize them during the past historical periods. Individuals and groups have their own interests, motives and needs. They undertake certain activities and methods that influence political behavior, where cultures of fear, humiliation and hope can have a decisive impact on the current economic situation of the country and its role in international relations, as well as on the future of their economic development and overall social progress, relations with other states and civilizations. Among the methods of action, the methods of cooperation and the methods of conflict stand out.
The history of human civilization is the history of wars. Peace was primarily perceived as a pause between those wars. From the concept of the absence of war, peace has transformed to a far more ...inclusive concept that includes the absence of various types of non-military threats to human well-being. Peace has not only changed its own theoretical foundations but also the practical understanding of international politics. The concept of peace was inextricably linked to war. Hence, the authors attached importance to the expansion and deepening of the concept of war in international relations, which could also be waged by non-military means in non-physical space. The evolution of war from state and military to forms involving non-state actors, non-military threats and new arenas of warfare, i.e., cyberspace, were presented as significant subject of analysis. Relationship between war and peace was investigated in the entire historical scope, looking at it through the prism of an eclectic theoretical-methodological approach. The results found lack of the possibilities for a world without wars and reach a pessimistic conclusion that war in new forms will continue to be a feature of international politics, while peace will primarily be perceived as a period of absence of war.
In the spring of 1972, the infectious disease smallpox appeared in Yugoslavia, which was characterized by high mortality. Today, it is known for certain that the epidemic was brought by Ibrahim Hoti, ...a pilgrim who went on a trip to Saudi Arabia and Iraq. Most of the sick and deceased were from the area of the then Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, followed by those from Belgrade. On the territory of the municipality of Kraljevo during the smallpox epidemic, there were no cases of infection, although the areas where the infections appeared are geographically very close. Nikola Nakaradić, a student of the Forestry High School and a resident of the boarding school in Kraljevo, was one of those infected and successfully cured. He got the symptoms and the diagnosis when he was not in Kraljevo, and then he was treated and taken care of in a quarantine in Belgrade, which is why he was listed as a patient from Belgrade in the records. Getting out of the epidemic situation without a single case of illness in the area of the then municipality of Kraljevo is considered a success, especially considering the poor state of healthcare, both in terms of material and technical conditions, and in terms of unpreparedness for the challenge of a sudden epidemic. The municipal headquarters for quarantine diseases carried out combat measures by organizing quarantines, and mass vaccination of the population was carried out. The quick formation of the quarantine, immediately after learning that the resident of the boarding school was infected, as well as the quick and successful action to locate the fugitives from the quarantine, represent the merit of the internal affairs authorities, while the greatest merit certainly belongs to the health care workers, on whose shoulders fell the main burden of responsibility and who engaged in preventing the virus outbreak in Kraljevo The fact that Nikola Nakaradić from Morović, a sick student of the Forestry School and a resident of the boarding school in Kraljevo, did not infect anyone in the territory of Kraljevo can certainly be considered an extremely fortunate set of circumstances. Unfortunately, material conditions in the health institutions in Kraljevo did not significantly improve even several years after the epidemic. The experience of smallpox has led to the fact that in the next draft of the health care program, measures for the detection, prevention, control and treatment of infectious diseases will be outlined in the first point. The formal legal basis has been laid, but experience after smallpox has shown that the action in the first moments of the epidemic is the most important. Knowledge, conscientiousness, responsibility, courage and dedication of health workers and other employees in competent institutions are the first and most important frontline for preventing epidemics at their very beginnings.
Bavljenje državom staro je koliko i sama država. Njen nastanak, razvoj i ustavno ustrojstvo pokazuju u kojoj meri je državno pitanje važno u teorijskoj misli. U literaturi postoji veliki broj temata ...u kojima se nastoji objasniti suština državnog pitanja, polazeći od pojedinačnih aspekata njenog funkcionisanja. Čini se da ne postoji autor, u pravnoj i politikološkoj teoriji, koji se nije okušao na ovom polju. Tako je bilo i sa gorostasom naše pravne, politikološke, sociološke, književne, istorijske misli Slobodanom Jovanovićem. On je raspravnim stilom studiozno obradio pitanje države, uvažavajući teorijska dostignuća svojih prethodnika i savremenika. Inspirisan idejama francuskih prosvetitelja, o kojima je takođe pisao, Slobodan Jovanović ukazuje na materijalnu i duhovnu dimenziju unutrašnjeg i spoljašnjeg ustrojstva države. Njegovo izuzetno poznavanje društvenih i političkih prilika u zemlji bilo je inspirativno za predlaganje budućih rešenja važnih državnih pitanja. Time je širina i dubina teorijske misli Slobodana Jovanovića veća, jer čitaoci njegovih dela pred sobom imaju vredno štivo koje prevazilazi prostorne i vremenske okvire. On nije pripadao autorima koji važna teorijska pitanja obrađuju olovno teškim perom, već razgovornim stilom koji omogućava upoznavanje materije širem krugu čitalaca. Zato je s punim pravom profesor Stevan Vračar uvrstio Slobodana Jovanovića u red ličnosti, koje čine dragocenu naučnu baštinu srpskog naroda i države.
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