Video-based recognition of activities of daily living (ADLs) is being used in ambient assisted living systems in order to support the independent living of older people. However, current systems ...based on cameras located in the environment present a number of problems, such as occlusions and a limited field of view. Recently, wearable cameras have begun to be exploited. This paper presents a review of the state of the art of egocentric vision systems for the recognition of ADLs following a hierarchical structure: motion, action and activity levels, where each level provides higher semantic information and involves a longer time frame. The current egocentric vision literature suggests that ADLs recognition is mainly driven by the objects present in the scene, especially those associated with specific tasks. However, although object-based approaches have proven popular, object recognition remains a challenge due to the intra-class variations found in unconstrained scenarios. As a consequence, the performance of current systems is far from satisfactory.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
From the methanol extract of the Cryptolepis buchananii fruits, four undescribed pentacyclic triterpenene glycosides (1–4) and five known pentacyclic triterpenenes (5–9) were isolated. Their ...structures were determined to be uncargenin C 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyluncargenin C 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐6β,23‐dihydroxyursolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylasiatic acid 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (4), asiatic acid (5), 2α,3β,23‐trihydroxyoleana‐11,13(18)‐dien‐28‐oic acid (6), arjunolic acid (7), 6β‐hydroxyarjunolic acid (8), and actinidic acid (9) based on analyses of their HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. All the isolates showed significantly NO production inhibition in LPS‐activated RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 values ranging from 18.79 to 37.57 μM, compared to that of the positive control compound, dexamethasone, which showed IC50 value of 14.05 μM.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study, four undescribed bibenzyl derivatives (1–4), together with seven known compounds (5–11) were isolated from the aerial parts of Dendrobium officinale. Their chemical structures were ...determined to be (7’S,8’S) ‐9′′‐acetyldendrocandin U (1), (7’S,8’S) ‐4′‐methoxydendrocandin T (2), (7’R,8’S) ‐dendrocandin B (3), (1S,2R) ‐5′′′‐methoxydendrofindlaphenol C (4) by analyzing of the spectroscopic data including HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D‐, and 2D‐NMR spectra. The absolute configurations of compounds 1–4 were determined by the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1–3, 5, 10 and 11 inhibited α‐glucosidase with the IC50 values ranging from 56.3 to 165.3 μM, compounds 1–3, 5, 7–10 inhibited α‐amylase with the IC50 values ranging from 65.2 to 177.6 μM.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients prescribed with nilotinib as a second-line therapy and explores the influential factors.
...Methods
A multicenter retrospective survey was conducted via face-to-face interviews based on the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. A total of 121 adult CML patients resistant to imatinib and used nilotinib for at least 3 months were enrolled. The influential features were assessed by multiple linear regression models.
Results
Patients had the mean age of 47.49 (SD = 13.67) years, dominated by middle-aged and male groups. The mean scores of functions ranged from 75 to 83, and those of symptoms were from 5 to 28, with the highest of fatigue (28.28), insomnia (22.87), and pain (21.07). The mean global health status/QoL score was 67.70 (SD = 16.80) with considerable financial difficulties (52.34 (SD = 32.15)). Male patients reported higher functional scores and fewer symptoms compared with female patients. All aspects of QoL became worse with increasing age. Besides age and gender, level of education, duration of nilotinib usage, and comorbidities were also significantly influential factors in many QoL domains. A predicted model for expected mean scores of QoL domains was built based on these factors.
Conclusions
The CML patients treated with nilotinib had the above-moderate QoL scores, a light decrease of functional scores, great financial difficulties, and still experienced symptoms. Strategies and more therapeutic considerations to enhance QoL for CML patients targeted toward women, the old, low educational level, and long duration of nilotinib usage, and many comorbidities are needed in the setting.
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CEKLJ, DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
Five new triterpenoid glycosides, named campetelosides A–E (1–5), together with three known compounds, chikusetsusaponin IVa (6), umbellatoside B (7), and silvioside E (8) were isolated from the ...leaves of Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy. Their chemical structures were determined by interpretations of HR‐ESI‐MS and NMR spectra. In addition, compounds 1–8 were evaluated for their α‐glucosidase inhibitory effects. Compounds 1–3 significantly showed α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 166.7±6.0, 45.9±2.6, and 395.3±10.5 μM, respectively, compared to that of the positive control, acarbose, with an IC50 value of 200.4±10.5 μM.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Albuminuria is the standard biomarker for the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, some patients with persistent microalbuminuria still progress to chronic kidney disease, raising the ...question of finding a better biomarker. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) levels with renal function and to compare the role of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) with urinary L-FABP in early detection of DN in type 2 diabetic patients.
The cross-sectional study was done on 106 type 2 diabetic patients and 30 non-diabetic people. L-FABP was measured with the Latex enhanced immunoturbidimetric technique.
There was a strong and negative correlation between the urine L-FABP levels and eGFR (r = -0.606, p<0.001). The urinary L-FABP levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the normoalbuminuria diabetic group than the non-diabetic control group. The ROC-curve analyses in the diabetic patients and the normoalbuminuria diabetic patients showed that the AUCL-FABP was remarkably higher (p<0.001) than the AUCACR. An optimal cutoff value of 5 mg L-FABP/g Cr (with the sensitivity of 98.1% and specificity of 90%) and of 4.3 mg L-FABP/g Cr (with the sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 86.67%) was set to detect DN in the diabetic patients and the normoalbuminuria diabetic patients, respectively.
The change in urinary L-FABP levels happened earlier than in urinary albumin during renal function impairment. Urinary L-FABP can be used as a better indicator than ACR for early detection of DN in type 2 diabetes.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi provide plants with soil mineral nutrients, particularly phosphorus. In this symbiotic association, the arbuscular interface is the main site for nutrient exchange. To ...understand phosphorus transfer at the interface, we analyzed the subcellular localization of polyphosphate (polyP) in mature arbuscules of
Rhizophagus irregularis
colonizing roots of
Lotus japonicus
wild-type (WT) and H
+
-ATPase
ha1-1
mutant, which is defective in phosphorus acquisition through the mycorrhizal pathway. In both, the WT and the
ha1-1
mutant, polyP accumulated in the cell walls of trunk hyphae and inside fine branch modules close to the trunk hyphae. However, many fine branches lacked polyP. In the mutant, most fine branch modules showed polyP signals compared to the WT. Notably, polyP was also observed in the cell walls of some fine branches formed in the
ha1-1
mutant, indicating phosphorus release from fungal cells to the apoplastic regions. Intense acid phosphatase (ACP) activity was detected in the periarbuscular spaces around the fine branches. Furthermore, double staining of ACP activity and polyP revealed that these had contrasting distribution patterns in arbuscules. These observations suggest that polyP in fungal cell walls and apoplastic phosphatases may play an important role in phosphorus transfer at the symbiotic interface in arbuscules.
Four undescribed spirostan glycosides, (25S)-5α-spirostan-12-one-2α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (1), ...(25S)-5α-spirostan-12-one-2α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-galatopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), (25S)-5α-spirostan-12-one-2α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (3), and hecogenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), together with eleven known compounds (5-15) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Tribulus terrestris. Their chemical structures were established through spectroscopic methods. including HR-ESI-MS, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Preliminary biological evaluation on NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.7 cells showed that compounds 1-3, 5, and 6 had significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 2.4 to 18.3 µM, compared to that of the positive control compound, dexamethazone (IC50 13.6 µM).
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Ultrafast laser micromachining plays an important role in the manufacturing of electronics. Especially, rotogravure processing produces high-resolution patterns for roll-to-roll printed electronic ...circuits. However, this technique still poses some limitations. This study introduces a new technique for coating gravures on a “soft” metal to improve the precision of rotogravure processing for manufacturing roll-to-roll electronics. The coating is termed “soft” because it has a lower ablation threshold fluence than the metal gravure core. The resulting U-shaped grooves offer several advantages over the V-shaped grooves typically formed through laser ablation on a single-layer material. Conductive ink transfers more completely from the U-shaped grooves, offering increased precision with respect to the resulting parts and saving ink.
•A new method to coat gravures for manufacturing roll-to-roll electronics is presented.•The coating enables the design of adequate ablation conditions for precise and selective engraving.•The method contributes to significantly improving the quality and aesthetics of printed circuits.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Although L-Asparaginase (L-ASP) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, it has side effects such as fever, skin rashes, chills, anaphylaxis, and severe allergic reactions. Moreover, the short ...half-life of L-ASP reduces its antitumor activity. To reduce its side effects and broaden its pharmaceutical applications, L-ASP obtained from Pectobacterium carotovorum was subjected to liposomal conjugation. The enzyme was then loaded into liposomes using the hydrated thin-film method. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of liposomal L-ASP was evaluated with the MTT assay using cancerous cell lines, and its antitumor effects were examined in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumorized mice. The average size of the liposomes containing purified L-asparagine was 93.03 ± 0.49 nm. They had a zeta potential of –15.45 ± 6.72 mV, polydispersity index of 0.22 ± 0.02, and encapsulation efficiency of 53.99 ± 5.44%. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of liposomal L-ASP was less effective against LLC, MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), SK-LU-1 (human lung carcinoma), and NTERA-2 (pluripotent human embryonic carcinoma) cells than that of free L-ASP. However, the antitumor activity of liposomal L-ASP was significantly greater than that of untrapped L-ASP at the same doses (6 UI/mouse) in terms of tumor size (6309.11 ± 414.06 mm3) and life span (35.00 ± 1.12 days). This is the first time the antitumor activities of PEGylated nanoliposomal L-ASP have been assessed in LLC carcinoma tumor-induced BALB/c mice and showed significantly improved pharmacological properties compared to those of free L-ASP (P<0.05). Thus, nanoliposomal L-ASP should be considered for its widening applications against carcinoma tumors.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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