Abstract Background and aims Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a life-threatening disease, characterized by elevated LDL-C levels and a premature, increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) ...that is globally underdiagnosed. The percentage of patients with possible or probable FH in various countries was examined in the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS). Methods DYSIS is a multinational, cross-sectional observational study of 54,811 adult outpatients treated with statin therapy. The percentages of patients with high levels of LDL-C, and with possible or probable FH, were assessed using the Dutch scoring method for FH across 29 countries, in age subgroups for the analysis population and among diabetes patients. Results Despite statin therapy, 16.1% (range 4.4–27.6%) of patients had LDL-C >3.6 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) across countries and the prevalence of possible FH was 15.0% (range 5.5–27.8%) and 1.1% (range 0.0–5.4%) for probable FH. The highest percentages of probable FH occurred in Egypt (5.4%), the Baltic states (4.2%), Russia (3.2%), and Slovenia (3.1%), with the lowest rates in Israel (0.0%), Canada (0.2%), and Sweden (0.3%). Rates of FH were the highest in younger patients (45–54 years) for secondary prevention, regardless of the presence/absence of diabetes. Conclusions Despite statin therapy, high LDL-C levels and rates of possible and probable FH were observed in some countries. The prevalence of FH was the highest in younger age patients, and >60% of patients with probable FH displayed CHD. Earlier diagnosis and treatment of patients with FH are needed to reduce CHD risk in these patients.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
In the comment on our paper, Prevosti et al. (2024) make a series of criticisms regarding the alleged lack of information provided on the dated samples and their geographic and stratigraphic ...provenance. In this contribution, we will give a reply to their comments. Our new zircon dating achieves the objective of the original study and provides valuable insights into the paleoecological dynamics of the period. It was out of the scope for our work to undertake a high resolution stratigraphical/sedimentological and dating analysis of each of the selected outcrops/sites.
•First zircon dates from Neogene classic sites in central Argentina are provided.•The new dating achieves the objective of the original study.•Dating sets a solid time frame for paleoecological interpretations.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background
The Glissonean approach has been widely validated for both open and minimally invasive anatomic liver resection (MIALR). However, the possible advantages compared to the conventional hilar ...approach are still under debate. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the application of the Glissonean approach in MIALR.
Methods
A systematic review of the literature was conducted on PubMed and Ichushi databases. Articles written in English or Japanese were included. From 2,390 English manuscripts evaluated by title and , 43 were included. Additionally, 23 out of 463 Japanese manuscripts were selected. Duplicates were removed, including the most recent manuscript.
Results
The Glissonean approach is reported for both major and minor MIALR. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd order divisions of both right and left portal pedicles can be reached following defined anatomical landmarks. Compared to the conventional hilar approach, the Glissonean approach is associated with shorter operative time, lower blood loss, and better peri‐operative outcomes.
Conclusions
Glissonean approach is safe and feasible for MIALR with several reported advantages compared to the conventional hilar approach. Clear knowledge of Laennec's capsule anatomy is necessary and serves as a guide for the dissection. However, the best surgical approach to be performed depends on surgeon experience and patients’ characteristics. Standardization of the Glissonean approach for MIALR is important.
Highlight
Morimoto and colleagues reviewed and summarized the literature focusing on hepatic inflow control in minimally invasive anatomic liver resection (MIALR), with the aim of evaluating the application and outcomes of the Glissonean approach in MIALR. Although different opinions remain, this manuscript provides current evidence on the Glissonean approach in MIALR.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
During a conversation, the neural processes supporting speech production and perception overlap in time and, based on context, expectations and the dynamics of interaction, they are also continuously ...modulated in real time. Recently, the growing interest in the neural dynamics underlying interactive tasks, in particular in the language domain, has mainly tackled the temporal aspects of turn‐taking in dialogs. Besides temporal coordination, an under‐investigated phenomenon is the implicit convergence of the speakers toward a shared phonetic space. Here, we used dual electroencephalography (dual‐EEG) to record brain signals from subjects involved in a relatively constrained interactive task where they were asked to take turns in chaining words according to a phonetic rhyming rule. We quantified participants' initial phonetic fingerprints and tracked their phonetic convergence during the interaction via a robust and automatic speaker verification technique. Results show that phonetic convergence is associated to left frontal alpha/low‐beta desynchronization during speech preparation and by high‐beta suppression before and during listening to speech in right centro‐parietal and left frontal sectors, respectively. By this work, we provide evidence that mutual adaptation of speech phonetic targets, correlates with specific alpha and beta oscillatory dynamics. Alpha and beta oscillatory dynamics may index the coordination of the “when” as well as the “how” speech interaction takes place, reinforcing the suggestion that perception and production processes are highly interdependent and co‐constructed during a conversation.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background:
The development of tailored recovery-oriented strategies in multiple sclerosis requires early identification of an individual’s potential for functional recovery.
Objective:
To identify ...predictors of visuomotor performance improvements, a proxy of functional recovery, using a predictive statistical model that combines demographic, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.
Methods:
Right-handed multiple sclerosis patients underwent baseline disability assessment and MRI of the brain structure, function and vascular health. They subsequently undertook 4 weeks of right upper limb visuomotor practice. Changes in performance with practice were our outcome measure. We identified predictors of improvement in a training set of patients using lasso regression; we calculated the best performing model in a validation set and applied this model to a test set.
Results:
Patients improved their visuomotor performance with practice. Younger age, better visuomotor abilities, less severe disease burden and concurrent use of preventive treatments predicted improvements. Neuroimaging localised outcome-relevant sensory motor regions, the microstructure and activity of which correlated with performance improvements.
Conclusion:
Initial characteristics, including age, disease duration, visuo-spatial abilities, hand dexterity, self-evaluated disease impact and the presence of disease-modifying treatments, can predict functional recovery in individual patients, potentially improving their clinical management and stratification in clinical trials. MRI is a correlate of outcome, potentially supporting individual prognosis.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, we present quantitative models for the selection pressure of cellular evolutionary algorithms on regular one- and two-dimensional (2-D) lattices. We derive models based on ...probabilistic difference equations for synchronous and several asynchronous cell update policies. The models are validated using two customary selection methods: binary tournament and linear ranking. Theoretical results are in agreement with experimental values, showing that the selection intensity can be controlled by using different update methods. It is also seen that the usual logistic approximation breaks down for low-dimensional lattices and should be replaced by a polynomial approximation. The dependence of the models on the neighborhood radius is studied for both topologies. We also derive results for 2-D lattices with variable grid axes ratio.
Introduction: The increase in average air temperature and multiple extreme weather events, such as heatwaves and droughts, pose significant health risks to humans. This scoping review aims to examine ...the current state of the existing literature concerning the potential relationship between substance abuse and climate change, along with the aspects it encompasses. Material and methods: The review followed PRISMA guidelines for methodological rigor, aiming to identify studies on drug abuse. Searches were conducted across the primary databases using specific search strings. Quality assessment involved evaluating the research question’s clarity, search strategy transparency, consistency in applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, and reliability of data extraction. Results: Most studies were conducted in the USA. They included observational and retrospective quantitative studies, as well as qualitative and prospective observational ones. Research examined the correlation between extreme weather and some substance abuse. All studies analyzed the adverse effects of climate change, especially heatwaves, on both physiological and pathological levels. Conclusions: The scoping review notes the scarcity of studies about the correlation between substance abuse and climate change, and emphasizes the threats faced by individuals with substance abuse and mental health disorders due to climate change.
Photon flux and spectrum of γ-rays Compton sources Petrillo, V.; Bacci, A.; Ben Alì Zinati, R. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2012, Volume:
693
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
We analyze the characteristics of the γ radiation produced by Compton back-scattering of a high brightness electron beam produced by a photoinjector and accelerated in a linac up to energies of ...360–720MeV and a laser operated at about 500nm, by comparing classical and quantum models and codes. The interaction produces γ rays in the range 4.9–18.8MeV. In view of the application to nuclear resonance fluorescence a relative bandwidth of few 10−3 is needed. The bandwidth is reduced by taking advantage of the frequency–angular correlation typical of the phenomenon and selecting the radiation in an angle of tens of μrads. The foreseen spectral density is 20–6 photons per eV in a single shot, a number that can be increased by developing multi-bunch techniques and laser recirculation. In this way a final value of 104 photon per eV per second can be achieved.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
500.
Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study Walker, P A; Alesini, P D; Aschikhin, A ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
07/2017, Volume:
874, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The Horizon 2020 Project EuPRAXIA ("European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications") is preparing a conceptual design report of a highly compact and cost-effective European ...facility with multi-GeV electron beams using plasma as the acceleration medium. The accelerator facility will be based on a laser and/or a beam driven plasma acceleration approach and will be used for photon science, high-energy physics (HEP) detector tests, and other applications such as compact X-ray sources for medical imaging or material processing. EuPRAXIA started in November 2015 and will deliver the design report in October 2019. EuPRAXIA aims to be included on the ESFRI roadmap in 2020.
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