This paper presents the results of a community-based study on participation in miyupimaatisiiun (wellness) planning, conducted in partnership with the Eeyou Istchee Cree Nation (Northern Québec, ...Canada). Nested within a broader developmental and participatory evaluation undertaken by the regional Cree Board of Health and Social Services of James Bay, the study aimed to generate an in-depth understanding of community perspectives on their participation and engagement in local miyupimaatisiiun (wellness) committees (MCs). Over 4 years (2016-2020), 13 visits to four communities, 22 individual conversation-based interviews, and 50 hours of community-based activity observations took place. Data were analysed using an occupational transaction lens to co-construct the meanings and processes of participation in planning for miyupimaatisiiun, and how participants perceive and coordinate their actions with local, regional, and global contexts. This manuscript, the first of two, presents results for three themes addressing the meaning, processes, and challenges to participation: 1) healing from residential school trauma and its intergenerational impacts; 2) revitalizing Cree culture for miyupimaatisiiun, and 3) decolonizing health and wellness systems and policies. Through the concept of 'occupational consciousness,' this research suggests that MC members were drawing on their awareness of colonial influences on their own journeys towards healing and cultural recovery as they planned and designed occupations that support community wellness. Implications include the need for cross-community sharing on ways forward for strengthening community cohesion, as well as for improved regional entity acknowledgement of community capacity.
The 2017 annual National Toxicology Program Satellite Symposium, entitled “Pathology Potpourri,” was held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada at the Society of Toxicologic Pathology’s 36th annual meeting. ...The goal of this symposium was to present and discuss challenging diagnostic pathology and/or nomenclature issues. This article presents summaries of the speakers’ talks along with select images that were used by the audience for voting and discussion. Various lesions and other topics covered during the symposium included renal papillary degeneration in perinatally exposed animals, an atriocaval mesothelioma, an unusual presentation of an alveolar–bronchiolar carcinoma, a paraganglioma of the organ of Zuckerkandl (also called an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma), the use of human muscle samples to illustrate the challenges of manual scoring of fluorescent staining, intertubular spermatocytic seminomas, medical device pathology assessment and discussion of the approval process, collagen-induced arthritis, incisor denticles, ameloblast degeneration and poorly mineralized enamel matrix, connective tissue paragangliomas, microcystin-LR toxicity, perivascular mast cells in the forebrain thalamus unrelated to treatment, and 2 cases that provided a review of the International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND) bone nomenclature and recommended application of the terminology in routine nonclinical toxicity studies.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We report the results of the first search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence using data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory and Virgo detectors. Five ...months of data were collected during the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory's S5 and Virgo's VSR1 science runs. The search focused on signals from binary mergers with a total mass between 2 and 35M(circle dot). No gravitational waves are identified. The cumulative 90%-confidence upper limits on the rate of compact binary coalescence are calculated for nonspinning binary neutron stars, black hole-neutron star systems, and binary black holes to be 8: 7 X 10(-3) yr(-1) L-10(-1), 2.2 X 10(-3) yr(-1) L-10(-1), and 4.4 X 10(-4) yr(-1) L-10(-1), respectively, where L-10 is 10(10) times the blue solar luminosity. These upper limits are compared with astrophysical expectations.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
•Opioid use for chronic pain among people who inject drugs is largely unknown.•Almost half (47%) of people who inject drugs (PWID) report chronic pain.•Among chronic pain persons who inject drugs, ...76% used drugs to treat pain.•Those with arthritis, older age, and white race had greater odds of chronic pain.•Future investigations should examine the impact of pain treatment on drug use.
Despite rising morbidity and mortality from the opioid epidemic and other addictions, people who inject drugs (PWID) remain understudied regarding pain outcomes. Data among PWID regarding chronic pain and drug use, including non-medical use of opioids, is largely unknown. We examined the prevalence of chronic pain and drug use for pain in this population.
Standardized surveys captured self-report of demographics, chronic pain, and non-prescription drug use in 203 PWID in an urban syringe services program between April and November 2016. Chronic pain was defined as self-report of chronic pain diagnosis or persistent pains over the past 6 months.
Overall, 47% (95% CI, 40%–54%) of PWID reported chronic pain, while 35% (95% CI, 29%–42%) reported non-prescription drug use of any type for pain. Among those with chronic pain, drug use to treat pain was commonly reported (76%; 95% CI, 66%–83%). Non-medical opioid use did not differ among PWID with or without chronic pain or drug use for pain. A multivariable logistic regression model showed chronic pain was more likely among non-Hispanic whites and those with arthritis, older age, and homelessness.
Chronic pain serves as an important factor in the persistence of drug use in more than one-third of PWID in this sample. The high prevalence of chronic pain with drug use for pain suggests that proper pain management is likely to be an essential component of preventing or regressing injection drug use in PWID, with data needed on effective interventions for this population.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This article describes the results of comparisons of digitally scanned whole slide images (WSIs) and glass microscope slides for diagnosis of tissues under peer review by the National Toxicology ...Program. Findings in this article were developed as a result of the data collected from 6 pathology working groups (PWGs), 1 pathology peer review, and survey comments from over 25 participating pathologists. For each PWG, 6–14 pathologists examined 10–143 tissues per study from 6- and 9-month perinatal studies and 2-year carcinogenicity studies. Overall it was found that evaluation of WSIs is generally equivalent to using glass slides. Concordance of PWG consensus diagnoses based upon review of WSIs versus glass slides ranged from 74% to 100% (median 86%). The intra- and interobserver diagnostic variation did not appear to influence the conclusions of any study. Based upon user opinions collected from surveys, WSIs may be less optimal than glass slides for evaluation of subtle lesions, large complex lesions, small lesions in a large section of tissue, and foci of altered hepatocytes. These results indicate that, although there may be some limitations, the use of WSIs can effectively accomplish the objectives of a conventional glass slide review and definitely serves as a useful adjunct to the conduct of PWGs.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
New measurements of the mechanical loss factors of hydroxide-catalysis bonds have been made and these have been found to be significantly lower than previously reported. We provide the first estimate ...for the resulting thermal noise limitation for a practical test mass geometry for next generation gravitational wave detectors.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The most interesting property of neurons is their long-distance propagation of signals as spiking action potentials. Since 1993, Neurobasal/B27™ has been used as a serum-free medium optimized for ...hippocampal neuron survival. Neurons on microelectrode arrays (MEA) were used as an assay system to increase spontaneous spike rates in media of different compositions. We find spike rates of 0.5
s
−1 (Hz) for rat embryonic hippocampal neurons cultured in Neurobasal/B27, lower than cultures in serum-based media and offering an opportunity for improvement. NbActiv4™ was formulated by addition of creatine, cholesterol and estrogen to Neurobasal/B27 that synergistically produced an eightfold increase in spontaneous spike activity. The increased activity with NbActiv4 correlated with a twofold increase in immunoreactive synaptophysin bright puncta and GluR1 total puncta. Characteristic of synaptic scaling, immunoreactive GABA
Aβ puncta also increased 1.5-fold and NMDA-R1 puncta increased 1.8-fold. Neuron survival in NbActiv4 equaled that in Neurobasal/B27, but with slightly higher astroglia. Resting respiratory demand was decreased and demand capacity was increased in NbActiv4, indicating less stress and higher efficiency. These results show that NbActiv4 is an improvement to Neurobasal/B27 for cultured networks with an increased density of synapses and transmitter receptors which produces higher spontaneous spike rates in neuron networks.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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