Urocortin 2 (UCN2) and urocortin 3 (UCN 3) are recently identified neuropeptides showing homology to corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). In the present study, we evaluated their expression and ...localization in gestational tissues (placenta, decidua, fetal membranes), and their effect on placental adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion.
The study was performed in a tertiary clinical care center. Tissues were obtained at first (n = 8; 8-11 weeks of pregnancy) and third (n = 8; 38-40 gestational weeks) trimester. The mRNA expression was evaluated by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); the cellular localization by immunohistochemistry; ACTH levels were measured in media collected from cultured placental villi.
All tissues analyzed expressed UCN2 and UCN3 mRNA. UCN2 and UCN3 were localized in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells; UCN2 was present in maternal and fetal vessels and in amniotic cells, while UCN3 was absent. Finally, UCN2 and UCN3 did not stimulate ACTH secretion.
Gestational tissues differentially express UCN2 and UCN3 and, despite their homology to CRF, they did not stimulate placental ACTH secretion.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The tumor suppressor p53 and its negative regulator MDM2 have crucial roles in a variety of cellular functions such as the control of the cell cycle, senescence, genome stability and apoptosis, and ...are frequently deregulated in carcinogenesis. Previous studies have highlighted the contribution of the common functional polymorphisms p53 p.Arg72Pro and MDM2 309SNP to the risk of both common cancers and Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Their possible role in retinoblastoma has recently been addressed by Castéra et al, who however only studied the MDM2 309SNP. Here, for the first time, we analyzed both single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a case-control study of 111 Italian hereditary retinoblastoma patients. We found a significant association of the p53 Pro/Pro genotype with the disease (odds ratio=3.58, P=0.002). The MDM2 309SNP showed a weak negative association of allele G that deserves further investigation. These findings further support the hypothesis that genetic variability of the p53 pathway contributes to the individual susceptibility to retinoblastoma, as shown for Li-Fraumeni syndrome and a variety of non-hereditary cancers.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Background
The insertion torque value has been extensively used as an indicator for implant primary stability, which is considered a determining parameter for the implants success.
Purpose
The ...primary goal of the present randomized clinical trial was to evaluate and compare the clinical outcome for implants placed with high insertion torque (between 50 Ncm and 100 Ncm) and regular insertion torque (within 50 Ncm) in healed ridges.
Materials and Methods
Partially edentulous patients, missing one or more mandibular or maxillary teeth, having an adequate amount of bone, requiring implant placement, were randomized to receive Blossom CT implants with regular insertion torque (<50 Ncm) or CT implants with high insertion torque (≥50 Ncm). Implants were left to heal submerged for 3 months. Implants were restored with individualized abutments and cemented metal‐ceramic crowns. Acquired measurements were: insertion torque values (IT), thickness of buccal bone plate after implant osteotomy preparation (BBT), marginal bone level (MBL), and facial soft tissue level (FST). All patients were followed 12 months after implant placement.
Results
One hundred sixteen implants were placed in one hundred sixteen patients and enrolled for the study. Fifty‐eight implants were randomly allocated in regular‐IT and high‐IT groups with a mean insertion torque ranging from 20 Ncm to 50 Ncm and from 50 Ncm to 100 Ncm, respectively. Three implants failed, and another five implants showed at the 12‐month evaluation a marginal bone loss (ΔMBL) greater than 1.5 mm, being considered unsuccessful.
Conclusions
The findings suggested that implants inserted with high‐IT (≥50 Ncm) in healed bone ridges showed more peri‐implant bone remodeling and buccal soft tissue recession than implants inserted with a regular‐IT (<50 Ncm). Moreover, sites with a thick buccal bone wall (≥1 mm) – after implant osteotomy site preparation – seemed to be less prone to buccal soft tissue recession after 12 months than sites with a thin buccal bone wall (<1 mm).
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CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Macrophages are a major component of the leukocyte population of human pregnant endometrium. Although several crucial functions
have been ascribed to these cells, the mechanisms underlying macrophage ...trafficking in the placental bed are poorly understood.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo expression of two potentially antagonistic macrophage-targeting chemokines,
colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1, also known as M-CSF) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), in term decidua,
and to examine the effects of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF, also known as TNF alpha) and interleukin
1beta (IL1B) on CSF1 and MIF expression in cultured decidual cells. The expression of CSF1 and MIF in term decidua was evaluated
by immunohistochemistry. Cultured decidual cells were primed with estradiol (E 2 ) or with E 2 + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), and then incubated with corresponding steroid(s) with or without TNF or IL1B. The levels
of CSF1 and MIF protein and mRNA were assessed by ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Immunostaining for CSF1 and
MIF was observed in term decidua. The levels of secreted CSF1 and MIF were similarly unchanged whether the decidual cells
were incubated with E 2 or with E 2 + MPA. The CSF1 levels significantly increased in cultures exposed to E 2 or E 2 + MPA plus TNF or IL1B. In contrast, the MIF levels in TNF- and IL1B-treated cells were not changed significantly from the
control cultures. The ELISA data were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. These results indicate that CSF1 and MIF
are involved in regulating macrophage trafficking at the fetal-maternal interface, and suggest a mechanism by which inflammatory
cytokines influence pregnancy by regulating decidual macrophage infiltration.
Early neonatal brain injury in histologic chorioamnionitis De Felice, Claudio; Toti, Paolo; Laurini, Ricardo N. ...
The Journal of pediatrics,
January 2001, 2001, 2001-Jan, 2001-01-00, 20010101, Volume:
138, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The relation between clinical or histologic chorioamnionitis and early neonatal adverse neurologic outcome was investigated (n = 483). Histologic, but not clinical, evidence of chorioamnionitis was ...found to be a significant predictor of periventricular echodensity (odds ratio, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.8-3.2), echolucency (3.3; 1.9-5.6), ventriculomegaly (2.7; 1.8-4.2), intraventricular hemorrhage ≥3 (3.5; 2.4-5.2), and seizures (2.3; 1.4-3.7). (J Pediatr 2001;138:101-4)
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Nestin is considered a marker of neurogenic and myogenic precursor cells. Its arrangement is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), which is expressed in murine podocytes. We investigated ...nestin expression in human adult and fetal kidney as well as CDK5 presence in adult human podocytes. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that adult glomeruli display nestin immunoreactivity in vimentin-expressing cells with the podocyte morphology and not in cells bearing the endothelial marker CD31. Glomerular nestin-positive cells were CDK5 immunoreactive as well. Western blotting of the intermediate filament-enriched cytoskeletal fraction and coimmunoprecipitation of nestin with anti-CDK5 antibodies confirmed these results. Nestin was also detected in developing glomeruli within immature podocytes and a few other cells. Confocal microscopy of experiments conducted with antibodies against nestin and endothelial markers demonstrated that endothelial cells belonging to capillaries invading the lower cleft of S-shaped bodies and the immature glomeruli were nestin immunoreactive. Similar experiments carried out with antibodies raised against nestin and α-smooth muscle actin showed that the first mesangial cells that populate the developing glomeruli expressed nestin. In conclusion, nestin is expressed in the human kidney from the first steps of glomerulogenesis within podocytes, mesangial, and endothelial cells. This expression, restricted to podocytes in mature glomeruli, appears associated with CDK5.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PURPOSETo examine the remodeling process of both the soft and hard tissue components of the postextraction socket around immediately loaded dental implants after tooth extraction in maxillary ...esthetic areas. MATERIALS AND METHODSSubjects underwent immediate placement of single implants in postextraction sockets without bone grafting, and their immediate provisionalization with custom tooth-like interim crowns were fabricated using digital diagnostic impressions and a dental milling machine. Intraoperative and 1-year follow-up layered scans of the postextraction sockets after implantation were acquired using a 3D optical system. In the short term, subjects underwent computed tomographic scans. Digital impressions for gingival contours, originally stored as STL (standard tessellation language) files, were converted to DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) files with the implant shoulder working as a referral point, which were then superimposed to 3D radiologic images. The observed volumetric and linear outcomes were measured using a program known as DentaScan. The width of the alveolar crest at the level of the implant shoulder and marginal bone levels were acquired. Nonparametric tests were applied with a level of significance set at P < .01. RESULTSNo failure was reported after a follow-up of 1 year. Little or no inflammation of the treated areas was registered, and there were practically no signs of suppuration. The areas showed a significant reduction in the overall volumes for both soft and bone tissue, with a P value < .0001 from the baseline (0.983 ± 0.172 cm3) to the 1-year survey (0.865 ± 0.156 cm3). If the soft and bone tissue changes were separately evaluated, a significant loss (with a P value < .0001) was registered for only the bone tissues (from 0.434 ± 0.075 to 0.355 ± 0.061 cm3). Moreover, changes in gingival tissue from baseline to the 1-year survey (-0.040 ± 0.067) appeared to be significantly different from the overall volume loss (-0.118 ± 0.083 cm3). A shrinkage in width (-0.5 ± 0.7 mm) was found from baseline (12.6 ± 0.6 mm) to the 1-year follow-up (12.1 ± 0.9 mm). Marginal bone levels were 0.97 ± 0.70 mm and 0.39 ± 0.78 mm, respectively, at the mesial and distal aspects of the implants. CONCLUSIONSThe present analysis suggested that immediately customized provisionalization was effective enough to prevent both volume loss and linear shrinkage at the layers of the treated areas. Moreover, the buccal aspects seemed to be the areas most affected by the loss of volume. The mean loss in width, which amounted to roughly 0.5 mm, appeared to be negligible when compared to the overall width measured before surgery.
To test CD-34 immunoreactivity in stromal cornea cells in normal and pathologic samples obtained from penetrating keratoplasty.
Prospective, consecutive histopathologic human tissue study.
One ...hundred two cornea buttons from patients with different diseases, submitted for cornea transplant, were examined. Controls were expired corneas from healthy donor patients who died (n = 4), and globes enucleated for primitive intraocular neoplasias, that is, retinoblastomas (n = 8), and malignant choroidal melanomas (n = 2).
The expression of CD-34 in stromal cornea cells was examined by immunohistochemistry analysis. Other immunohistochemical stains included an endothelial cell marker (CD-31), common leukocyte antigen, and α-smooth muscle actin.
Different diseases that may cause blindness and require penetrating keratoplasty have been tested for CD-34 immunoreactivity.
In control corneas, keratocytes present strong and consistent CD-34 immunoreactivity. Diseases leading to the loss of transparency and penetrating keratoplasty, such as keratoconus, herpes keratitis, trauma, and heredofamilial dystrophies, are associated with focal or diffuse loss of CD-34 expression, whereas pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy show normal CD-34 immunoreactivity in most cases and patchy unstained stromal areas in a few cases.
Scar tissue formation in the cornea, as in herpes keratitis and trauma, is always associated with loss of CD-34 immunoreactivity, which may otherwise be a primary event in keratoconus and heredofamilial dystrophies. Both in the pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy, CD-34 immunoreactivity may be normal or lost, hence these two diseases may be considered as one and part of the same group with regard to CD-34 expression, as revealed by immunohistochemistry analysis.
Background: The preservation of hard and soft tissue volume, partially lost after tooth removal, can potentially reduce the need for the more demanding augmentation procedures used in ...implant‐supported rehabilitation. The objective of this research study is to investigate the effect of filling with xenogeneic material the postextractive sockets of two surgical procedures (flapless versus flapped).
Methods: In this prospective randomized clinical survey, two types of socket preservation were performed on two groups of patients: the control, treated via full‐thickness mucoperiosteal flap, and the test, via a flapless procedure. Anatomic measurements and related outcome variables at the third month were analyzed using multiway analysis of variance. Multiple comparison tests, using Tukey honestly significant difference test, and appropriate pairwise comparison tests for independent samples were carried out.
Results: Sixty‐four patients were treated, 32 for each of the two socket preservation procedures. Statistically significant differences were registered for the output variables — changes in width of keratinized gingiva, changes in bucco‐lingual width, and vertical bone changes at four sites — between the two socket preservation techniques, with P values of <0.001, <0.001, and 0.0105, respectively.
Conclusions: A full‐thickness mucoperiosteal flap gave significantly more negative results than that of the less‐demanding flapless procedure, with an increased width resorption of the postextraction site. Moreover, the increased value of the keratinized gingival width attested to the positive outcome of a flapless procedure in terms of soft tissue preservation and improvement. On the other hand, the flapped technique seemed to show less vertical bone resorption on the buccal aspect than the flapless technique.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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