Evaluation of liver fibrosis is necessary to make the therapeutic decision and assess the prognosis of CHB patients. The current study aimed to describe the progression and identify some influencing ...factors in patients with chronic hepatitis B at a General Hospital in Northern Vietnam. The longitudinal study included 55 eligible subjects diagnosed Hepatitis-B-virus. Dependent variable was the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index and we collected some demographic variables and disease related and behaviour variables. Bayesian Model Averaging was used to select variables into model. Mixed-effect linear models were used to evaluate the change of the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index over time and identify related factors. the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index differences between examinations, age of participants, working status were statistically significant. This pattern indicated that the average the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index of the population decreased by 0.005 (95% CI=-0.009; -0.001) after each patient's visit, and increased by 0.013 if the patient's age increased by 1 year (95% CI=0.005; 0.0219). For non-working patients, the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index was lower, coefficient was -0.054 (95% CI=-0.108; 0.001). Other variables such as gender, education level, time for disease detection, drinking tea, alcohol consumption, forgetting to take medicine and the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index were not significantly different. The study showed that the majority of study subjects had average the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index, and were relatively well controlled and treated during the study. Age and working status are factors that influence the the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index.
Phytochemical study on the leaves of Amentotaxus yunnanensis led to the isolation of seventeen phenolic compounds including sixteen neolignans and lignans, and one flavone glycoside. Three among the ...isolates were previously unreported neolignans and named as amenyunnaosides A–C, respectively. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analyses of HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and ECD spectra. The isolated neolignans potentially inhibited NO production in LPS‐activated RAW264.7 cells with their IC50 values ranging from 11.05 to 44.07 μM, compared to that of the positive control compound, dexamethasone, IC50 value of 16.93 μM. Additionally, amenyunnaoside A dose‐dependently reduced production of IL‐6 and COX‐2 but did not effect to that of TNF‐α at concentrations of 0.8, 4, and 20 μM.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
From the methanol extract of the Cryptolepis buchananii fruits, four undescribed pentacyclic triterpenene glycosides (1–4) and five known pentacyclic triterpenenes (5–9) were isolated. Their ...structures were determined to be uncargenin C 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyluncargenin C 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐6β,23‐dihydroxyursolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylasiatic acid 28‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (4), asiatic acid (5), 2α,3β,23‐trihydroxyoleana‐11,13(18)‐dien‐28‐oic acid (6), arjunolic acid (7), 6β‐hydroxyarjunolic acid (8), and actinidic acid (9) based on analyses of their HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. All the isolates showed significantly NO production inhibition in LPS‐activated RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 values ranging from 18.79 to 37.57 μM, compared to that of the positive control compound, dexamethasone, which showed IC50 value of 14.05 μM.
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Various studies showed that the suppression of α
-
glucosidase activity can impede the glucose absorption in our body, and therefore, it can be used to treat type 2 diabetes. Hence, the compounds ...with anti
-
α
-
glucosidase have gained considerable attention because of their potential application in diabetes treatment. In previous literature studies, these anti
-
α
-
glucosidase compounds were extracted from plants and fungus. Less studies are being conducted to identify the anti
-
α
-
glucosidase compounds in the microbial community. In this study, 23 marine bacterial strains were screened for their potential to suppress the α-glucosidase activity. The highest inhibitory activity was exhibited by isolated L06 which was identified as
Oceanimonas smirnovii
EBL6. The cultivation conditions, such as temperature and pH, were optimized to increase the production of α-glucosidase inhibitors by
Oceanimonas smirnovii
EBL6 strain. The result findings showed that the highest yield of α-glucosidase inhibitors can be obtained at the culture time of 120 h, fermentation temperature of 30 °C, and pH 4.6. Under these conditions, the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase can reach 81%. The IC
50
of n-butanol extract was 13.89 μg/ml, while standard acarbose was 31.16 μg/ml. Overall, these findings suggest that
Oceanimonas smirnovii
produces α-glucosidase inhibitors and could been applied in the biochemical and medicinal fields in the future.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Prodigiosin (Pg), a secondary metabolism produced by numerous bacterial species, is known as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, immunosuppressant, antioxidant, antimalarial properties. Pg has ...been tested for antitumor activity in many different cancer cell lines but studies in LU-1, KB cell lines, and tumor-bearing mice are still limited. In this study, Serratia marcescens QBN VTCC 910026 strain (GenBank: KX674054.1) was mutated using Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) to increase the production of Pg. One strain known as EMS 5 was capable of increasing prodigiosin biosynthetic yield by 52% when compared to the wild-type strain. Red bacterial pigmented colonies containing Pg were collected from solid media, lysed with acetone, purified with toluene: ethyl acetate at a ratio of 9: 1 (v/v), and then used to evaluate the potential anticancer activity. The purity of Pg was confirmed using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method which indicated a 98% rate. Pg chemical formula which was determined using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, confirmed as prodigiosin (Pg). Human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, oropharyngeal cancer KB, and particularly lung cancer LU-1 in vitro were used to test the anticancer activity of purified Pg compound. It showed a strong inhibitory ability in all the cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the isolated Pg had capable of inhibiting tumor growth, the tumor volume decreased by 36.82%, after 28 days. The results indicated that the bacterial prodigiosin from variants Serratia marcescens QBN VTCC 910026 strain is an encouraging fragment suitable for therapeutic applications.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Five undescribed (four guaianolide sesquiterpenes and a benzoate ester derivative) and seven known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of S. orientalis L. Their chemical structures were ...determined by extensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic methods. Absolute configurations were elucidated by experimental and TD-DFT calculated ECD spectra. Twelve isolated compounds exhibited potential xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.76 ± 0.17 μM to 31.80 ± 0.97 μM. Molecular docking studies predicted that the binding energies of all isolated compounds with xanthine oxidase were lower than that of the positive control allopurinol. Benzyl 2-hydroxy-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate and benzyl 2-methoxy-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate displayed not only the best docking score but also the highest in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.76 ± 0.17 μM and 0.98 ± 0.26 μM, respectively.
Five undescribed (four guaianolide sesquiterpenes and a benzoate ester derivative) and seven known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. Twelve isolated compounds exhibited xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values in the range 0.76–31.80 μM. Display omitted
•Five undescribed compounds were isolated from Siegesbeckia orientalis.•Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods.•Isolated compounds exhibited potential xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.•Docking scores predicted better than that of allopurinol.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Aplydactylonins A-C (
1
–
3
), three new sesquiterpenes, were isolated from the Vietnamese sea hare
Aplysia dactylomela
. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated based on ...spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallography, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of NMR and ECD data. Compound
2
exhibited cytotoxicity against HepG2, DU145 and A549 cells with respective IC
50
values of 4.08 ± 0.63, 38.64 ± 1.04 and 12.33 ± 0.95 µM. In addition, HepG2 cells treated with 5 μM compound
2
for 48 h showed a significant increase in early apoptotic cells (
P
< 0.05) and increased caspase 3 activity (
P
< 0.01). Moreover, compound
2
induced sub-G1 phase arrest in HepG2 cells.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Actinoplanes sp. A1094 strain had been selected for its high production of acarbose from 20 different strains of Actinoplanes sp. can be found in wild. The content for glucosidase inhibitor of ...acarbose concentration was recorded at 1.12 g/L. The conducted analysis of 16S rRNA sequence of Actinoplanes sp. A1094 showed 99% similar identity to the corresponding sequence of Actinoplanes hulinensis. Acarbose was purified from Actinoplanes hulinensis 1094 with a yield of 8.48%, purity of 98% and further identified by LC/MS and NMR methods (C25H43NO18; m/z: 645.6 g/mol). The purified acarbose was used to evaluate the hypoglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice model. The purified acarbose reduced postprandial blood glucose level in comparison with Glucobay® as medication for control type 2 diabetes in a combination therapy. Notably, the outcomes of native acarbose on fasting blood glucose levels in mice resemble akin to the commercial product and the acarbose accumulating fermentation and metabolic engineering from the cell gene in which would reduce in production cost. Therefore, acarbose from Actinoplanes hulinensis 1094 could be potentially used to make products for the treatment of type II diabetes.
•Evaluation production of acarbose from 20 different strains of Actinoplanes sp.•Acarbose from Actinoplanes hulinensis 1094 showed similarity sequence of 99%.•The purified acarbose potentially products for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.•Acarbose reduces postprandial blood glucose without increasing insulin blood.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Nowadays, desalination continues to expand globally, which is one of the most effective solutions to solve the problem of the global drinking water shortage. However, desalination is not a fail-safe ...process and has many environmental and human health consequences. This paper investigated the desalination procedure of seawater with different technologies, namely, multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), multi-effect distillation (MED), and reverse osmosis (RO), and with various energy sources (fossil energy, solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy). The aim was to examine the different desalination technologies’ effectiveness with energy sources using three assessment methods, which were examined separately. The life cycle assessment (LCA), PESTLE, and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods were used to evaluate each procedure. LCA was based on the following impact analysis and evaluation methods: ReCiPe 2016, IMPACT 2002+, and IPCC 2013 GWP 100a; PESTLE risk analysis evaluated the long-lasting impact on processes and technologies with political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors. Additionally, MCDA was based on the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to evaluate desalination technologies. This study considered the operational phase of a plant, which includes the necessary energy and chemical needs, which is called “gate-to-gate” analysis. Saudi Arabia data were used for the analysis, with the base unit of 1 m3 of the water product. As the result of this study, RO combined with renewable energy provided outstanding benefits in terms of human health, ecosystem quality, and resources, as well as the climate change and emissions of GHGs categories.
Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnep. is well known as a medicinal plant and widely distributed in Vietnam. Phytochemical investigation on the trunks of D. cambodiana lead to the isolation of four ...undescribed compounds (1–4) together with seven known ones (5–11). Their structures were determined to be pennogenin‐24‐yl‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1), 17α‐hydroxycambodianoside C (2), (25R)‐27‐hydroxypenogenin 3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), (3β,25R)‐17α,22α‐dihydroxy‐furost‐5‐en‐3‐yl‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), dracagenin A (5), 1‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐2‐hydroxy‐4‐allylbenzene (6), 1‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐2‐hydroxy‐allylbenzene (7), 2‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐1‐hydroxy‐allylbenzene (8), cinnamrutinoside A (9), icariside D1 (10), and seco‐isolariciresinol 9‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (11) by extensive spectroscopic investigation, HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The anti‐inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated on macrophages. Compounds 1–6 significantly inhibited nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Among them, compound 1 showed the best inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 8.90±0.56 μM.
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