Essential oils were extracted from the culm and leaf of Cymbopogon citratus collected from different regions of Vietnam and analyzed using GC/MS. The results showed that citral is the major component ...accounting for 61.20%–76.46% of the essential oils. The citral content was higher in the essential oil obtained from the leaf than in that from the culm of lemongrass in all regions. In particular, camphene, valerianol, and epi-α-muurolol can be used to differentiate essential oils originating from leaves versus culms. The cytotoxic effects of the essential oils on various lung cancer cell lines were evaluated in the present study. All essential oils exhibited cytotoxicity in the tested cells. The Ha Loc leaf essential oil (HLL) exhibited the most potent effects on A549 and H1975 cells, with IC50 values of 1.73 ± 0.37 and 4.01 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively. The Hy Cuong leaf essential oil (HCL) showed the strongest effect on H1299 cells, with an IC50 value of 2.45 ± 0.21 μg/mL. The Kim Duc culm (KDC) essential oil exerted the strongest cytotoxic effects against H1650 cells, with an IC50 value of 4.86 ± 0.29 μg/mL. The HLL induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in A549 cells according to flow cytometric analysis and fluorescent nuclear staining assays. The western blot analysis indicated that HLL induced the apoptotic effect by altering the regulating proteins of the apoptosis process such as caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. The data strongly suggested that the intrinsic pathway may play an important role in the apoptotic effects of HLL.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Aplydactylonins A-C (
1
–
3
), three new sesquiterpenes, were isolated from the Vietnamese sea hare
Aplysia dactylomela
. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated based on ...spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallography, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of NMR and ECD data. Compound
2
exhibited cytotoxicity against HepG2, DU145 and A549 cells with respective IC
50
values of 4.08 ± 0.63, 38.64 ± 1.04 and 12.33 ± 0.95 µM. In addition, HepG2 cells treated with 5 μM compound
2
for 48 h showed a significant increase in early apoptotic cells (
P
< 0.05) and increased caspase 3 activity (
P
< 0.01). Moreover, compound
2
induced sub-G1 phase arrest in HepG2 cells.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
•Two new and two known compounds were isolated from the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela.•The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and theoretical calculation.•All isolated compounds were ...evaluated for their cytotoxicity against 3 cancer cells.
Two new brominated sesquiterpenes (1 and 2) and two previously reported compounds (3 and 4) were isolated from the Vietnamese sea hare Aplysia dactylomela. The new structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations of NMR chemical shifts and 3JH,H coupling constants, and by DP4+ analysis. Compound 2 is the first chamigrane sesquiterpenoid containing the B ring with two epoxide moieties. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 3 were determined by quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 exhibited moderate or weak cytotoxicity against HepG2, DU145 and A549 cancer cells.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Degalactotigonin (1) and three other steroidal compounds solasodine (2), O-acetyl solasodine (3), and soladulcoside A (4) were isolated from the methanolic extract of Solanum nigrum, and their ...chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against human pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC1 and MIA-PaCa2) and lung cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H1975, and NCI-H1299). Only degalactotigonin (1) showed potent cytotoxicity against these cancer cell lines. Compound 1 induced apoptosis in PANC1 and A549 cells. Further study on its mechanism of action in PANC1 cells demonstrated that 1 significantly inhibited EGF-induced proliferation and migration in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of PANC1 cells with degalactotigonin induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Compound 1 induced downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and inhibited EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR, as well as activation of EGFR downstream signaling molecules such as Akt and ERK.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Objective:To examine the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the alkaloid enriched extract (ELA) from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia.Methods:The in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of ...ELA were evaluated by examining its inhibitory activities against nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expressions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.The level of NO produced in the culture media was determined by Griess method.The iNOS and COX-2 protein expressions were analyzed by Western blot.The in vivo effect of ELA was evaluated on LPS-induced septic shock in mice model.Mice mortality was monitored for 5 days after injection of LPS.The chemical contents of the ELA were determined by using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.Results:The ELA was found to exhibit a significant anti-inflammatory effect in both in vitro and in vio models.The results demonstrated that ELA dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced NO production as well as the protein iNOS and COX-2 expressions.In the septic shock model,ELA dose-dependently protected mice from LPS-induced mortality.Further study on the isolated components of ELA indicated that 9,1 0-dimethoxycanthin-6-one may contribute significantly to the anti-inflammatory effects of the extract.Conclusions:These results suggest that ELA exhibits the anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, iNOS,and COX-2 and protects mice from LPS-induced mortality in septic shock model.
The recent surge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has set forth demands for a new generation of the labor force with a comprehensive set of skills to meet the standards of the global market. ...Despite widespread concerns about educational reforms and renovations to enhance the workforce capacity in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) skills, research into the digital proficiencies of students has been limited in Vietnam. This dataset contains 1061 observations on the digital competency level of 10th-grade students in 20 surveyed schools from five provinces in Vietnam. The investigation, joining frequentist and Bayesian analyses, aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of children’s attitudes, behaviors, competency levels, and use of ICT within the Vietnamese educational context. The values of the dataset lie in its proposed scientific framework for replication in multiple regions and contexts as well as the feasibility of categorical regression techniques together with Bayesian statistics for hierarchical regression analysis.
Using chromatographic methods, three new dihydrostilbene glycosides, sasastilbosides A-C (1-3) and four known compounds, catechin (4), rutin (5), nicotiflorin (6), and rehmaionoside A (7) have been ...isolated from Camellia sasanqua Thunb. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1 D-, 2 D-NMR) and mass spectra. Compounds 1-7 were evaluated for α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects. Compounds 3 and 4 showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC
50
values of 77.6 ± 1.6 and 72.4 ± 1.3 μM, respectively. Compound 1 showed α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC
50
value of 53.7 ± 1.6 μM.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Congenital iris abnormality is a feature of several genetic conditions, such as aniridia syndrome and anterior segment degeneration (ASD) disorders. Aniridia syndrome is caused by mutations in the
...gene or its regulatory elements in the locus 11p13 or deletions of contiguous genes, while ASDs are the result of mutations in various genes, such as
,
,
, and
. This study aims to identify pathogenic mutations in Vietnamese individuals with congenital anomalies of the iris.
Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 24 patients belonging to 15 unrelated families and their available family members. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to detect the deletions or duplications in the 11p13-14 region, including the
gene and its neighboring genes. Direct PCR sequencing was used to screen mutations in 13 exons and flanking sequences of the
gene. The patients without mutation in the
locus were further analyzed with whole exome sequencing (WES). Identified mutations were tested with segregation analysis in proband family members.
We identified a total of 8 novel and 4 recurrent mutations in 20 of 24 affected individuals from 12 families. Among these mutations, one large deletion of the whole
gene and another deletion of the
downstream region containing the
and
genes were identified. Eight mutations were detected in
, including four nonsense, three frameshift, and one splice site. In addition, two point mutations were identified in the
and
genes in patients without mutation in
. Some of the mutations segregated in an autosomal dominant pattern where family members were available.
This study provides new data on causative mutations in individuals with abnormal development of iris tissue in Vietnam. These results contribute to clinical management and genetic counseling for affected people and their families.
Five quassinoids and 2 alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. The structures of 3 new quassinoids, eurycomalide F, G, and H (1-3), were elucidated using a variety of ...spectroscopic methods. The known compounds were identified as eurycomalide A (4), laurycolactone B (5), 5-methoxycanthin-6-one (6), and canthin-6-one (7). Among the isolated compounds, canthin-6-one (7) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production (IC50 = 16.9 μM). 5-Methoxycanthin-6-one (6) and eurycomalide F (1) exhibited weak inhibition with IC50 values of 23.4 and 32.7 μM, respectively.
Three new lavandulylated flavonoids, (2
,2''
)-6-lavandulyl-7,4'-dimethoxy-5,2'-dihydroxylflavanone (
), (2
,2''
)-6-lavandulyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxylflavanone (
), and (2''
...)-5'-lavandulyl-2'-methoxy-2,4,4',6'-tetrahydroxylchalcone (
), along with seven known compounds
were isolated from culture broth of
s sp. G248. Their structures were established by spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The absolute configurations of
were resolved by comparison of their experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds
exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity. Whereas, two known compounds
and
exhibited inhibitory activity against
H37Rv with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 6.0 µg/mL and 11.1 µg/mL, respectively.
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