In this catalog we present the updated set of spectral analyses of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor during its first four years of operation. It contains two ...types of spectra, time-integrated spectral fits and spectral fits at the brightest time bin, from 943 triggered GRBs. Four different spectral models were fitted to the data, resulting in a compendium of more than 7500 spectra. The analysis was performed similarly but not identically to Goldstein et al. All 487 GRBs from the first two years have been re-fitted using the same methodology as that of the 456 GRBs in years three and four. We describe, in detail, our procedure and criteria for the analysis and present the results in the form of parameter distributions both for the observer-frame and rest-frame quantities. The data files containing the complete results are available from the High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center.
Drones are one of the latest tools to have been added to farmers’ precision agriculture technology tool kit. Despite the proclaimed benefits, adoption rates of drones are low and literature regarding ...the adoption of drones in agriculture is scarce. Therefore, this study investigates whether an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) can contribute to the understanding of latent factors influencing farmers’ intention to adopt a drone. The sample of 167 German farmers was collected in 2019 via an online survey. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling and a binary model, the TAM explains 69% of the variance in the intention to use a drone by German farmers. According to the results, raising farmers’ awareness of farm-specific areas of drone application and the confidence level of using a drone can increase farmers’ intention to adopt a drone. The results are of interest for agribusinesses developing drones as well as selling or providing drones. Furthermore, the results are of interest for researchers in precision agriculture technologies.
Humans' core body temperature (CBT) is strictly controlled within a narrow range. Various studies dealt with the impact of physical activity, clothing, and environmental factors on CBT regulation ...under terrestrial conditions. However, the effects of weightlessness on human thermoregulation are not well understood. Specifically, studies, investigating the effects of long-duration spaceflight on CBT at rest and during exercise are clearly lacking. We here show that during exercise CBT rises higher and faster in space than on Earth. Moreover, we observed for the first time a sustained increased astronauts' CBT also under resting conditions. This increase of about 1 °C developed gradually over 2.5 months and was associated with augmented concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, a key anti-inflammatory protein. Since even minor increases in CBT can impair physical and cognitive performance, both findings have a considerable impact on astronauts' health and well-being during future long-term spaceflights. Moreover, our findings also pinpoint crucial physiological challenges for spacefaring civilizations, and raise questions about the assumption of a thermoregulatory set point in humans, and our evolutionary ability to adapt to climate changes on Earth.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Participants manage an apple farm in a multi-period business management game.•Nudges improve compliance with the pre-harvest intervals after pesticide application.•Response to the nudges of ...agricultural students is comparable to the response of the fruit growers.
Using an incentivized single-player multi-period business management game in which the participants have to manage a virtual apple farm as an experimental device, this study examines how nudges can improve compliance with regard to the 14-day pre-harvest interval rule after the pesticide application. Two different samples were examined, namely German fruit growers and agricultural students. Two different green nudge treatments were investigated: A nudge with facts and pictures which imply environmental and health damages that are presumably caused by breaching the 14-day pre-harvest interval rule, and a nudge with an additional social comparison suggesting that the majority of fruit growers in the same region comply with the rule. The core result of the study is that nudging has a preventive effect and reduces participants' non-compliance behavior in the business management game. The results are of interest to (agricultural) policy makers dealing with regulatory strategies in the context of pre-harvest intervals in apple production, as it is widely documented that nudging is an effective low-cost supplement to controls. Furthermore, the results are of interest for further research in the field of (experimental) economics and nudging, as we provide novel insights into the application of nudges.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this catalog we present the updated set of spectral analyses of GRBs detected by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) during its first four years of operation. It contains two types of spectra, ...time-integrated spectral fits and spectral fits at the brightest time bin, from 943 triggered GRBs. Four different spectral models were fitted to the data, resulting in a compendium of more than 7500 spectra. The analysis was performed similarly, but not identically to Goldstein et al. 2012. All 487 GRBs from the first two years have been re-fitted using the same methodology as that of the 456 GRBs in years three and four. We describe, in detail, our procedure and criteria for the analysis, and present the results in the form of parameter distributions both for the observer-frame and rest-frame quantities. The data files containing the complete results are available from the High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC).
Landwirtschaftliche Lohnunternehmen verzeichneten in den letzten Jahren ein stetiges wirtschaftliches Wachstum. Mit dem Zuwachs an Mitarbeitern und Kunden ist auch ein Bedarf an Navigationssoftware ...für ländliche Räume entstanden. Bisher ist jedoch wenig über den Einsatz von Navigationssoftware durch landwirtschaftliche Lohnunternehmen bekannt. Daher wurde, basierend auf einer Online-Umfrage mit 134 deutschen Lohnunternehmen, die Anwendung des Technologieakzeptanzmodells (TAM) erstmals auf die Nutzung von Navigationssoftware erweitert. Der Beitrag ist somit auch für Forscher in anderen Teilgebieten der Logistik relevant. Das TAM wurde anhand der Navigationssoftware „What3Words“ als Stellvertreter für Navigationssoftware im ländlichen Raum und mittels Partial Least Squares (PLS)-Strukturgleichungsmodellierung geschätzt. Weiterhin ist es der erste Beitrag, der Erkenntnisse über die Zufriedenheit der Lohnunternehmen mit dem Softwareangebot sammelt. Die Lohnunternehmen zeigen sich nur teilweise zufrieden und wünschen sich, Informationen über Brückenhöhen oder Gewichtsbeschränkungen abrufen zu können. Der Beitrag ist somit auch für Lohnunternehmen und Entwickler von Navigationssoftware interessant.
Bisher ist wenig über den Einsatz von Navigationssoftware durch landwirtschaftliche Lohnunternehmen bekannt. Daher wurde, basierend auf einer Online-Umfrage bei 134 deutschen Lohnunternehmen, das ...Technologieakzeptanzmodell (TAM) erstmals auf die Nutzung von Navigationssoftware angewendet. Das TAM wurde anhand der Software What3Words und mittels Partial Least Squares Strukturgleichungsmodellierung geschätzt. Weiterhin wurden Erkenntnisse über die Zufriedenheit der Lohnunternehmen mit dem Softwareangebot gesammelt. Die Lohnunternehmen zeigen sich nur teilweise zufrieden und wünschen sich, Informationen über Brückenhöhen oder Gewichtsbeschränkungen abrufen zu können. Der Beitrag ist sowohl für Lohnunternehmen als auch für Entwickler von Navigationssoftware interessant. Der Beitrag ist außerdem für Forscher in anderen Teilgebieten der Logistik relevant.
Humans' core body temperature (CBT) is strictly controlled within a narrow range. Various studies dealt with the impact of physical activity, clothing, and environmental factors on CBT regulation ...under terrestrial conditions. However, the effects of weightlessness on human thermoregulation are not well understood. Specifically, studies, investigating the effects of long-duration spaceflight on CBT at rest and during exercise are clearly lacking. We here show that during exercise CBT rises higher and faster in space than on Earth. Moreover, we observed for the first time a sustained increased astronauts' CBT also under resting conditions. This increase of about 1 degrees C developed gradually over 2.5 months and was associated with augmented concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, a key anti-inflammatory protein. Since even minor increases in CBT can impair physical and cognitive performance, both findings have a considerable impact on astronauts' health and well-being during future long-term spaceflights. Moreover, our findings also pinpoint crucial physiological challenges for spacefaring civilizations, and raise questions about the assumption of a thermoregulatory set point in humans, and our evolutionary ability to adapt to climate changes on Earth.
PDF
