The main contribution of this paper is the verification of a new train control system applied to the drive with a.c. motors that is energy near optimal with respect to electrical and mechanical ...energy minimization. All simulations are related to the one traction motor yielding its best exploitation. Load torque treated as a state variable consists of constant, linear, and quadratic components as a function of rotor speed. The required performance of the energy-saving control is rendered straightforward using precomputed energy optimal state variables or a prediction of losses for a symmetrical trapezoidal speed profile as the second alternative. An energy-saving reference position generator provides the state variables, which are faithfully followed by a feedback control based on field orientation, which is completed with a matched zero dynamic lag pre-compensator yielding prescribed closed-loop dynamics. Simulation results mutually compared confirm the capability of an overall drive control system to follow generated state variables for two different service conditions and the possibility of energy savings.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Position control system of moderate precision based on 'forced dynamics control' for the drive with significant vibration modes is described. To exploit the only position sensor on the motor side, ...all necessary control variables are estimated in observers based on motor position and stator current measurements. The designed controller is of a cascade structure, comprising an inner speed control loop, which respects vector control principles and an outer position control loop, which is designed to control load angle with prescribed dynamics in the presence of flexible modes. Simulations of the overall control system indicate that the proposed control system exhibits the desired robustness and therefore warrants further development and experimental investigation.
U radu je opisano upravljanje sustavom pozicioniranja srednje preciznosti s izraženim vibracijskim modovima korištenjem metodologije prisilnog upravljanja dinamikom. Kako bi se iskoristio senzor ...pozicije na strani motora, sve potrebne varijable stanja estimiraju se na temelju mjerenja pozicije motora i statorskih struja. Projektirani regulator je kaskadne strukture, s unutarnjom petljom po brzini vrtnje koja se temelji na principima vektorskog upravljanja, i vanjskom petljom po poziciji za upravljanje kutom tereta s definiranom dinamikom u prisustvu slabo prigušenih modova. Simulacijski rezultati cjelokupnog sustava upravljanja potvr.uju da predloženi sustav upravljanja posjeduje željenu robusnost i time opravdava budući razvoj i eksperimentalna istraživanja.
The capacity of the primary energy source is the main parameter participating in a range of the electric vehicle (EV). The final choice of an appropriate structure of sources integrated into the ...vehicle can consist of one or a variety of energy sources/storages. This way increased effectiveness, thus an increase in driving range as well as regenerative braking energy, can be achieved. Energy storages for EV applications are rated on the basis of three parameters namely, specific energy, energy density and specific power. These are the key parameters taken into account in selecting appropriate energy sources. The article provides an analysis of collaboration of an ultracapacitor module with an accumulator battery.
This paper deals with the analysis and implementation of a switched reluctance motor drive featuring good performance even at low speeds. The combination of a suitable design and current control ...strategies can lead to a significant improvement of the motor drive performances. After having identified the electrical parameters of the considered motor in terms of stator resistance and inductance, different current control structures have been compared by numerical simulations and experimental tests, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Torque measurements are also included to enable analysis of current regulation on the developed electromagnetic torque. Also a new current controller is proposed based on a modification of a PD controller. From the study carried out on a traction drive, it was found that some control strategies can provide a good transient response while preserving low computational requirements. This is important not only for efficient and reliable drive operation, but also for torque ripple minimization.
The paper deals with various sensorless techniques for SRM. The theory of most these techniques is described and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Simulation of a SRM traction drive ...for an electric vehicle was created and experimentally verified. A selected method is simulated on the base of a real SRM for various operating range and conditions. The method is analyzed from the point of view of several criterions for the SRM traction drive application.
This paper focuses on the computer modeling of a B6-bridge type inverter in conjunction with a BLDC motor in the sense of modeling the entire system which includes the commutation technique, gate ...driver, inverter and motor. In devolopment, it is very important to have a detailed model of the inverter to deal with transients. In practice, the individual components are supplied by the manufacturers without simulation models and their behavior is unclear, this is the goal of the paper. Furthermore, the simulation of a smart gate driver of a MOSFET transistor is presented in the paper. Another objective of the paper is to develop commutations for BLDC motor control namely trapezoidal and SVPWM commutation. As a result, the paper presents the simulation analysis of the inverter in LTSpice environment for the switching times of the MOSFET transistor and then compares them with real measurements.
This paper deals with design high current printed circuit boards (PCB), with the issues of implementation the power layer into standard PCB and influence of parasitic parameters of conductive traces ...of PCB. The parasitic parameters of conductive traces play a significant role in design of high current PCB, and therefore must be minimized. The technology of manufacturing PCB for high current designs as a compact device is mentioned in the paper. The quality of MOSFET switching power in high current design was compared in two ways of proposed leading power lines in order to demonstrate the influence of parasitic inductances of conductive traces.
The paper deals with an improvement of direct torque control method for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. Electrical torque distortion of the machine under original direct torque control is ...relatively high and if proper measures are taken it can be substantially decreased. The proposed solution here is to combine direct torque control with the space vector modulation technique. Such approach can eliminate torque distortion while preserving the simplicity of the original method.
Position tracking systems for AC drives offering high robustness to external load torques have been presented. A triple-loop cascade control structure was employed where the inner loop is a stator ...current control loop and the middle loop is a speed control loop based on the forced dynamic control and respecting vector control principles. Two alternative outer position control loop designs both of which respect prescribed dynamics and settling time of position have been developed. The former system prescribes also time constant of the speed control loop while the latter one respects time constant of speed control system developed independently. To enhance the tracking abilities of both control systems the dynamic lag pre-compensator has been included. Case studies of the both position control systems for time near-optimal control and energy near-optimal control have been presented. The tracking performances of the designed control systems were assessed based on comparisons of the experimental responses with the simulated responses of the ideal closed-loop system.
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