The article is aimed at researching remote employment in the new conditions of the State’s functioning. The author substantiates the relevance of transition to remote employment by the companies’ ...employees. Remote employment is defined as the only acceptable form of further functioning and possible development of companies under the quarantine conditions. Analyzing and generalizing scientific studies of scholars, the interdisciplinary relationships in researching remote employment are proved. The article allocates the main advantages for the employer when switching to remote employment. The main obstacles and risks on the way to a rapid transition to remote form in Ukraine are researched. Taking into account the importance of an urgent and mass transition to remote employment to be fulfilled in the State under quarantine conditions, a program to introduce this form of employment into the activities of companies is proposed. This program provides for the gradual implementation of the main stages of the introduction of remote employment, which are characterized by the author. Among the many steps towards the introduction of remote employment, the most important are the development and approval by the management of the program of actions, as well as bringing it to attention of the the company’s employees. At these stages occur most errors, which subsequently destroy the entire program. The program should be absolutely clear to all members of the team – from the average employee to the management of the company. The huge role of the HR manager in this process, in particular, with the support of the socio-psychological climate, establishing communications in working groups and the company in the conditions of remote employment, is emphasized. The importance of taking into account the risks associated with the company’s security is defined. Examples of a set of instruments for remote employment are provided in terms of the functional responsibilities of the employee, in particular, the Zoom software is defined to be the best in organizing video conferencing. Prospect for further research in this direction is development of an instrumentarium for improving the efficiency of remote employment and building up of a strong regulatory framework.
The article is aimed at analyzing the motivational levers for effective work, which used to be effective before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and became effective after it. The article ...substantiates the relevance of studying motivational factors and probable changes in the motivational components of employees that arose in response to the emergence of a new virus and the necessity to profoundly change the usual activity schemes. Having analyzed and summarized the research in the field of motivation and incentives to work effectively, the authors have found out that the issue of changing motivational levers during the pandemic remains greatly unsolved, despite numerous developments. The study makes it possible to draw certain conclusions, namely: the pandemic has clearly affected the employees’ motivation and productivity, but this effect remains rather insignificant. For example, with the beginning of the pandemic, the share of respondents experiencing an average level of satisfaction with their work decreased, while the share of both respondents experiencing the highest level of satisfaction and those who were dissatisfied with their work, increased. Also, with the onset of the pandemic, the share of productive respondents decreased, while the share of respondents showing high and low levels of productivity increased. The study shows that with the onset of a pandemic, stability, comfortable workplace conditions and the prospect of additional income have become more important; at the same time, such factors as competitive wages and career opportunities have gradually begun to lose their leadership in the list of important motivational components for productive work. The survey confirms that over the past year, employees have increasingly begun to value stability and socially responsible attitude demonstrated by employers; and more and more employees have begun to appreciate a company’s attitude to its personnel during the heyday of the pandemic, its willingness to change along with changes in the environment, its readiness to support its personnel and suggest help if need be.
In the context of the new socioeconomic reality, there is an urgent need for effective instruments for managing labor productivity, because measuring efficiency in order to respond in time and ...eliminate shortcomings is the basis of most processes. The aim of the article is to study the systems of personnel evaluation: OKR, МВО, KRI, based on the process of targeting; their delimitation, allocation of advantages and features of application. The necessity of transition to more effective instruments for managing labor productivity in the context of the new socioeconomic reality is substantiated. It is proposed to understand by OKR not just a method of evaluating the company’s staff, but rather a certain management system that allows to focus the team’s efforts on distinguishing and implementing the main and most significant individual goals through the prism of the strategic vision of the development plus the goals of the whole company. The main components of OKR are singled out and characterized: strategic vision, individual goals, action element or initiative and key results. The basic principles of the OKR system are formulated as follows: publicity and accessibility, ambition, concentration on the most important goals and objectives, quarterly basis, key results, systematic feedback, lack of attachment to motivation in the company. The advantages of OKR are distinguished from other staff evaluation systems.
The article is aimed at studying the features of IT recruiting in modern operating conditions of the economy. The relevance of research of recruiting in IT companies is substantiated. The definition ...of the economic category of «IT recruiting», which is considered as a purposeful and structured process of providing IT company with the staff from the sphere of information technologies, with the knowledge, skills, competencies, qualities corresponding to vacant position and the needs of employer. It is determined that the issue of IT recruiting is not sufficiently covered in scientific sources. It is proved that a feature of IT recruiting are candidates, because each vacant position is essentially unique, and therefore requests an employee of the respective unique. The basic demands concerning the recruiter, looking for the candidates for the IT sphere, are formulated and substantiated. The techniques of IT personnel selection, including headhunting, recruiting and screening, are examined and characterized. It is determined that the headhunting technique is designed for employees of the level of middle+/senior/lead, recruiting technique is for the candidates of the junior/middle level, and screening – for the junior-level, i.e., practicians, probationers. The main channels of attracting candidates are characterized, which are chosen depending on the peculiarities of the company’s profile of future employee. IT is proved that the choice of the engagement channel is the most significant stage of the entire IT recruiting process. The authors consider the use of the IT-recruiting social network for business communication – LinkedIn, as well as specialized sites, services and such types of search as Boolean search and X-ray requests. The procedure of recruiting IT specialists is considered through the prism of search stages, a full cycle comprising 9 steps: request for opening a vacancy; selecting the search channels; searching for candidates; coming into contact; interview; testing; deciding as to filling a vacancy; employment and adaptation of the newly accepted employee.
The article is aimed at researching digital opportunities in the field of recruiting staff in the modern operating environment of the economy. The relevance of the transition to modern methods used ...in digital capabilities is substantiated. It is proved that the digital recruitment industry is not sufficiently disclosed in scientific sources, hence, as a result, low awareness of specialists in this sphere. This also leads to a low level of usage of modern instruments. It is specified that Ukrainian companies usually practice the already standardized elements of digitalization: search for candidates on job sites, posting job ads on social networks, etc. The key trending directions of digital recruitment are considered and characterized, in particular: use of artificial intelligence and robots; automation of processes; use of aggregation and uberization; use of social media; alternative ways to attract candidates; application of HR analytics. Based on the estimation of the existing and utilized digital capabilities of most typical Ukrainian companies, a number of measures are proposed to modernize the recruitment process and increase the profits of companies: development of a cloud network; launching an own ATS-system; increasing the use of targeted advertising on social networks and eliminating low-performance sources of job advertisements; automation and control of statistical information; launching an own HR bot. The proposed program of measures to improve recruitment of staff, taking into account the trending directions of digital recruitment, will significantly save the time of the recruiter at each stage, which in the future will significantly affect all indicators of performance of companies. It is proved that companies need to expand their digitalization horizons, because without this they can back down their positions in the market. Using digital instruments will allow recruiters to reach the market as quickly as possible and actively interact with candidates.
The negative impact of smoking in multiple sclerosis is well established; however, there is much less evidence as to whether smoking cessation is beneficial to progression in multiple sclerosis. ...Adults with multiple sclerosis registered on the United Kingdom Multiple Sclerosis Register (2011-20) formed this retrospective and prospective cohort study. Primary outcomes were changes in three patient-reported outcomes: normalized Multiple Sclerosis Physical Impact Scale (MSIS-29-Phys), normalized Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Time to event outcomes were clinically significant increases in the patient-reported outcomes. The study included 7983 participants; 4130 (51.7%) of these had ever smoked, of whom 1315 (16.5%) were current smokers and 2815/4130 (68.2%) were former smokers. For all patient-reported outcomes, current smokers at the time of completing their first questionnaire had higher patient-reported outcomes scores indicating higher disability compared to those who had never smoked (∼10 points difference in MSIS-29-Phys and MSWS-12; 1.5-1.8 points for HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression). There was no improvement in patient-reported outcomes scores with increasing time since quitting in former smokers. Nine hundred and twenty-three participants formed the prospective parallel group, which demonstrated that MSIS-29-Phys median (IQR) 5.03 (3.71, 6.34), MSWS-12 median (IQR) 5.28 (3.62, 6.94) and HADS-Depression median (IQR) 0.71 (0.47, 0.96) scores worsened over a period of 4 years, whereas HADS-Anxiety remained stable. Smoking status was significant at Year 4; current smokers had higher MSIS-29-Phys and HADS-Anxiety scores median (IQR) 3.05 (0.22, 5.88) and 1.14 (0.52, 1.76), respectively while former smokers had a lower MSIS-29-Phys score of -2.91 (-5.03, -0.79). A total of 4642 participants comprised the time to event analysis. Still smoking was associated with a shorter time to worsening event in all patient-reported outcomes (MSIS-29-Phys: n = 4436, P = 0.0013; MSWS-12: n = 3902, P = 0.0061; HADS-Anxiety: n = 4511, P = 0.0017; HADS-Depression: n = 4511, P < 0.0001). Worsening in motor disability (MSIS-29-Phys and MSWS-12) was independent of baseline HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression scores. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of worsening between never and former smokers. When smokers quit, there is a slowing in the rate of motor disability deterioration so that it matches the rate of motor decline in those who have never smoked. This suggests that smoking cessation is beneficial for people with multiple sclerosis.
The article is aimed at analyzing the motivational levers for effective work, which used to be effective before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and became effective after it. The article ...substantiates the relevance of studying motivational factors and probable changes in the motivational components of employees that arose in response to the emergence of a new virus and the necessity to profoundly change the usual activity schemes. Having analyzed and summarized the research in the field of motivation and incentives to work effectively, the authors have found out that the issue of changing motivational levers during the pandemic remains greatly unsolved, despite numerous developments. The study makes it possible to draw certain conclusions, namely: the pandemic has clearly affected the employees' motivation and productivity, but this effect remains rather insignificant. For example, with the beginning of the pandemic, the share of respondents experiencing an average level of satisfaction with their work decreased, while the share of both respondents experiencing the highest level of satisfaction and those who were dissatisfied with their work, increased. Also, with the onset of the pandemic, the share of productive respondents decreased, while the share of respondents showing high and low levels of productivity increased. The study shows that with the onset of a pandemic, stability, comfortable workplace conditions and the prospect of additional income have become more important; at the same time, such factors as competitive wages and career opportunities have gradually begun to lose their leadership in the list of important motivational components for productive work. The survey confirms that over the past year, employees have increasingly begun to value stability and socially responsible attitude demonstrated by employers; and more and more employees have begun to appreciate a company's attitude to its personnel during the heyday of the pandemic, its willingness to change along with changes in the environment, its readiness to support its personnel and suggest help if need be.
Providing a broad overview of the microbial pathogens associated with hospital-acquired human illness, Techniques for the Study of Hospital Acquired Infection examines the cost-effective use of ...laboratory techniques in nosocomial infectious disease epidemiology and control. This concise guide addresses the cost benefits of combining modern molecular techniques with the traditional activities of infection control departments. The book is useful as a guide to hospital infection control programs as well as a text for medical practitioners, grad/medical students, researcher scientists, population biologists, molecular biologists, and microbiologists.
As a consequence of severe light water reactor accidents with core melting, jets of melt are considered to flow into the remaining water in the lower plenum. The breakup of these jets above and in ...the water determines the further accident progression, especially the mixing of the molten core material with the water and thus the possibility of strong vapor explosions or the mode of contact of core material with the lower plenum structures. Stripping at the melt surface due to relative flow, supported by interface instabilities, is considered here as a major mechanism of the jet breakup. Based on this, correlations are analysed in comparison with experimental results. Results from the more detailed model Ikejet developed at the IKE yield strong differences between the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) description of the interface instabilities and the Jeffreys-Miles (JM) approach. Calculations for experiments with simulant materials under non-boiling as well as film boiling conditions support the latter description whereas much too strong breakup results with KH. Correspondingly, applications to corium jets yield much longer coherent jets with the JM approach. Comparisons with corium experiments at the Argonne National Laboratories (ANL) and with first FARO-LWR tests at the JRC Ispra also still suffer from experimental uncertainties.
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Blunt trauma to the abdomen is the main cause of pancreatic injury in childhood. One of the most common causes of injury is child abuse. Pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudocyst, and loculated ...peripancreatic effusion are sequellae of this trauma. The diagnosis of these lesions is aided by ultrasound. Pancreatic injury in children may require different methods of management than it does in adults. Persistently elevated serum amylase levels and increasing cyst size are indications for surgical intervention. However, the natural history of a pseudocyst in an otherwise normal child may lead to spontaneous resolution. In this report, three cases of pancreatic pseudocyst caused by child abuse are presented. In two of the patients, the cysts underwent spontaneous resolution.
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