In this study, sol–gel combining with hydrothermal methods were successfully used to synthesize N and S co-doped TiO
2
nanotubes (N@S-TiO
2
NTT) for efficient photocatalytic degradation of volatile ...organic compounds (VOCs). The obtained characterization results indicated that the synthesized N@S co-doped TiO
2
existed as nanotubes. Specific surface areas of these synthesized nanotubes was greatly that of these nanoparticles. The largest surface area recorded at N@S-TiO
2
nanotubes was 105.3 m
3
/g. FTIR spectrum results showed that the presence of N–H and S–O bond, which confirmed that nitrogen and sulfur were successfully doped into TiO
2
lattice. We also investigated that N@S dopants significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of TiO
2
nanotubes for efficient degradation of gaseous VOCs. Therefore, photocatalytic activity for VOCs degradation by the N@S-TiO
2
nanotubes was greater than that by the undoped TiO
2
nanotube. Optimized humidity for degradation of VOCs was medium condition (55–70%). Under dry conditions, lack of water for hydroxyl radical production led to decrease in photocatalytic activity. Under humidity conditions, the excess water molecules competed with VOCs for adsorbing on material surface leading to decrease in photocatalytic degradation efficiency. Under the optimized humidity, the highest photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized N@S-TiO
2
nanotubes for degradation of gaseous VOCs for 3 h was approximately 94%. The VOCs degradation capacity by the synthesized N@S-TiO
2
nanotubes was approximately 90 (ppm/g h).
Herein, Co3O4 was coated on N,S co-doped TiO2 to synthesize Co3O4/N,S–TiO2 nanocomposites applying for an advanced degradation of Direct Blue 71 (DB 71) under visible irradiation. N and S were used ...to incorporate into TiO2 matrix to decrease its energy band gap (Ebg) while Co3O4 was used to coat on N,S–TiO2 to further enhance its electron-hole separation efficiency. Therefore, these synthesized Co3O4/N,S–TiO2 exhibited novel photocatalytic ability efficiently degrading DB 71. The optimal Co3O4 coating ratio for maximum improving photocatalytic degradation ability of the N,S–TiO2 was 30 wt %. Above the optimal coating content, the excess Co3O4 would cover more N,S–TiO2 surface or prevent the contact of incident light to these particles resulting in decrease in the photocatalytic performance. The pH for zero point charge of the Co3O4/N,S–TiO2 was approximately 4.7 while the DB 71, which has negative charge sulfuric groups, favors to adsorb on positive surface. Thus, optimal pH for efficient decomposition of DB 71 by the Co3O4/N,S–TiO2 was 4. Finally, the study investigated that the sunlight was perfectively suitable source to excite for photocatalytic degradation of DB 71 by the synthesized Co3O4/N,S–TiO2.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Mulberry silk is one of the highest quality fibres with outstanding properties. Its traditional colouring process is dying. This study investigated a novel method called “self-dyedˮ, where silkworms ...were fed with coloured mulberry leaves on the first, third, and fourth day of the fifth instar of the life cycle. The Rhodamine B dyestuff with different concentrations was applied during feeding. There was a significant difference in mortality rate, spinning, reeling processes, and colour intensity of newly fed silkworms. The silk colour was evaluated by CIE Lab colour measurement and microscope. The colour intensity also depends on dyestuffs concentrations, silkworm breed, and feeding time. This dyeing method is the premise for developing and building an environmentally friendly dyeing process for silk. It also minimizes the traditional dyeing process's water and wastewater costs. In addition, this study shares advanced knowledge and practices in the sustainable development of the textile industry.
Introducing extra mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into oocytes at fertilization can rescue poor quality oocytes. However, supplementation alters DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of ...preimplantation embryos. To determine if these alterations impacted offspring, we introduced mtDNA from failed-to-mature sister (autologous) or third party (heterologous) oocytes into mature oocytes and transferred zygotes into surrogates. Founders exhibited significantly greater daily weight gain (heterologous) and growth rates (heterologous and autologous) to controls. In weaners, cholesterol, bilirubin (heterologous and autologous), anion gap, and lymphocyte count (autologous) were elevated. In mature pigs, potassium (heterologous) and bicarbonate (autologous) were altered. mtDNA and imprinted gene analyses did not reveal aberrant profiles. Neither group exhibited gross anatomical, morphological, or histopathological differences that would lead to clinically significant lesions. Female founders were fertile and their offspring exhibited modified weight and height gain, biochemical, and hematological profiles. mtDNA supplementation induced minor differences that did not affect health and well-being.
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•Adding extra mtDNA into oocytes produces healthy offspring that exhibit minor changes•Mitochondrial DNA and imprinting integrity do not appear to be impaired•The female founder population is fertile and produces normal litters•The next generation appears to modify the minor changes and is healthy
Reproductive medicine; Porcine reproduction; Developmental biology
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this study, CuWO4 materials were synthesized via facile hydrothermal and heat treatment. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized materials were well analyzed by advanced characterization ...methods such as SEM, XRD, FT-IR and UV–Vis. Photocatalytic performance of these synthesized CuWO4 materials were investigated via degradation of tetracycline (TC) under excitation of visible light, which was generated from a 32 W compact lamp. The material calcined at 500 °C contained only triclinic CuWO4 phase. At low calcination temperature lower than 500 °C, WO3 and CuWO4·2H2O remained in the synthesized materials while CuO and Cu2O newly occurred when the material was calcined at 600 °C. The occurrence of impurities phases significantly decreased photocatalytic activity of the synthesized material. The synthesized CuWO4-500, which was calcined at 500 °C, exhibited high visible light absorption capacity with band-gap energy (Eg) of approximately 2.13 eV. The CuWO4-500 sample also exhibited great photocatalytic ability for decomposition of TC even under excitation of provided visible light. The study also investigated that pH 6 was optimal pH for TC degradation by the synthesized CuWO4. Under optimized pH (pH 6), the synthesized CuWO4 photocatalytically degraded over 60% TC after 2 h being irradiated by visible light.
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•Successfully synthesized CuWO4, a narrow band gap energy photocatalyst.•Optimized calcination for synthesis of CuWO4 was 500 °C.•CuWO4 exhibited novel photocatalytic tetracycline degradation under visible light.•Optimized pH for photocatalytic tetracycline degradation by the CuWO4 was 6.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•Present-day crustal motion from GPS velocities are less than 30 mm/year to the SE.•Quarternary geologic and modern geodetic strain rates show long earthquake recurrence.•Present-day ...stress state is in strike-slip regime with NW–SE maximum principal stress.•Maximum Credible Earthquake has estimated magnitude of 5.9–6.5 for Ninh Thuan Nuclear site.
We studied recent tectonics and present-day geodynamics in the Ninh Thuan nuclear power plants and surrounding regions to reveal seismogenic faults, deformation and evaluation of seismotectonics using various methods such as remote sensing, GPS, seismic interpretation, and stress and strain analysis. We based our study on geomorphological investigation, satellite images, fault gouge, drilling core, fault scarps and analysis of offshore seismic profiles to determine the capable faults in the studied region. Using international reference frame ITRF08, we determined the absolute velocities of the GPS stations with a slip rate to the east of 22.5 to 25.3 mm/year and to the south of 4.4 to 8.4 mm/year. The present strain rate was determined from present tectonic velocities that were consistent with the recent strain rates determined from topographic profiles, the slip rate of capable faults, and the thickness of Pleistocene sediments. The present strain rate variation from 10 to 30 nano per year demonstrated that the studied region has been weakly deformed under a stable tectonic regime. The state of stress determined from the fault population, focal mechanism, borehole breakouts and drilling-induced tensile fracture methods indicated that the area was deformed primarily under a strike-slip regime with a small extensive component. The maximum credible earthquake was determined from the dimensions of the capable fault and state of stress using various methods. From these capable faults, we suggest monitoring the faults, which could produce a Maximum Credible Earthquake (MCE) over a range of 5.9–6.5.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) is reported as a threat to tilapia aquaculture in 16 countries on four continents with outbreaks causing up to 90% mortality. This research is one of the first studies on ...TiLVs from Vietnam. We propagated successfully one TiLV isolate HB196‐VN‐2020 from a diseased tilapia sample using an E‐11 cell line and evaluated its virulence in two different weights of red hybrid tilapia and three serial 10‐fold diluted viral titers. Smaller fish (4.5 ± 1.98 g) were proved to be more susceptible to TiLV infection at the viral titre of 9.1 × 105 TCID50 fish−1 than larger fish (20.8 ± 7.5 g) with the mortalities of 92.5% and 12.5%, respectively. Reassortant detection analysis revealed seven potential reassortment events among 23 TiLV genomes, indicating the mixed infection of multiple TiLV isolates at the farms and the fish movement among different regions. Seven maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees based on the individual segments or the concatenated coding regions of some segments showed the genetically distant relationship of the Southern Vietnamese isolate RIA2‐VN‐2019 with the 21 reference isolates, and suggest the different origins of two Vietnamese TiLV isolates (RIA2‐VN‐2019 and HB196‐VN‐2020). However, additional sequences from various sampling locations and times are required to better understand the impacts of genetic diversity and reassortments on the evolution, migration and natural selection of TiLVs in Vietnam and other countries.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The study aimed to identify prevalence of
infection and associated risk factors among pupils of Ho Chi Minh city (HCMC).
A total of 1,476 pupils aged 6-15 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional ...study using multiple-stage sampling method. Infection status was assessed using stool antigen-test. A questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Logistic regression was performed to assess possible factors related to the infection.
Of the 1,409 children included in the analysis, 49.2% were male and 95.8% were of Kinh ethnicity. About 43.5% of parents completed college or university. The overall prevalence of
was 87.7%. Infrequency of handwashing with soap after toilet, the use of only water to clean after toilet, crowded living areas, larger family size, and younger age were independently contributing to an increased prevalence of
.
infection is highly prevalent in HCMC, and is associated with poor hygienic practices, crowded living areas, larger family size, and younger age. These findings highlight the importance of fecal-oral route and the attribution of crowded living conditions to the spreading of
in HCMC. Therefore, preventive programs should be set up with a focus on education of hygiene practices, and oriented to those living in crowded conditions.
AcrAB-TolC tripartite efflux pump, which belongs to the RND superfamily, is a main multi-drug efflux system of Escherichia coli (E. coli) because of the broad resistance on various antibiotics. With ...the discovering of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), a combination between these and antibiotics is one of the most promising therapies. Therefore, building a virtual screening model with prediction capacities for the efflux pump inhibitory activities of candidates from DrugBank and ZINC15 dataset, is one of the key goals of this project. Based on the database of 170 diverse chemical structures collected from 28 research journals, two 2D-QSAR models and a 3D-pharmacophore model have been performed. On the AcrB protein (PDB 4DX7), two binding sites have been discovered that match to the hydrophobic trap in the distal pocket and the switch loop in the proximal pocket. After virtual screening processes, twenty candidate AcrAB-TolC inhibitors have been subjected to molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations and ADMET predictions. The results indicate that three compounds namely DB09233, DB02581, and DB15224 are potential inhibitors with ΔG
bind
of −42.30 ± 4.58, −40.76 ± 7.30 and −31.06 ± 7.63 kcal.mol
−1
, respectively.
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Timely diagnosis of meniscus injuries is key for preventing knee joint dysfunction and improving patient outcomes because it decreases morbidity and facilitates treatment planning.
Purpose
...To train and evaluate a deep learning model for automated detection of meniscus tears on knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Study type
Bicentric retrospective study.
Subjects
In total, 584 knee MRI studies, divided among training (n = 234), testing (n = 200), and external validation (n = 150) data sets, were used in this study. The public data set MRNet was used as a second external validation data set to evaluate the performance of the model.
Sequence
A 3 T, coronal, and sagittal images from T1‐weighted proton density (PD) fast spin‐echo (FSE) with fat saturation and T2‐weighted FSE with fat saturation sequences.
Assessment
The detection system for meniscus tear was based on the improved YOLOv4 model with Darknet‐53 as the backbone. The performance of the model was also compared with that of three radiologists of varying levels of experience. The determination of the presence of a meniscus tear from surgery reports was used as the ground truth for the images.
Statistical Tests
Sensitivity, specificity, prevalence, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the performance of the detection model. Two‐way analysis of variance, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, and Tukey's multiple tests were used to evaluate differences in performance between the model and radiologists.
Results
The overall accuracies for detecting meniscus tears using our model on the internal testing, internal validation, and external validation data sets were 95.4%, 95.8%, and 78.8%, respectively. One radiologist had significantly lower performance than our model in detecting meniscal tears (accuracy: 0.9025 ± 0.093 vs. 0.9580 ± 0.025).
Data Conclusion
The proposed model had high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting meniscus tears on knee MRIs.
Evidence Level
3
Technical Efficacy
Stage 2
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