OBJECTIVE: Full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
following trauma exposure were examined in a community sample in order to
determine their prevalence and their relative importance and ...functional
significance. METHOD: A standardized telephone interview with a series of
trauma probes and a DSM-IV PTSD checklist was administered to a random
sample of 1,002 persons in a midsized Midwestern Canadian city. The authors
determined current (i.e., 1- months) prevalence rates of full PTSD, i.e.,
all DSM-IV criteria, and partial PTSD, i.e., fewer than the required number
of DSM-IV criterion C symptoms (avoidance/numbing) or criterion D symptoms
(increased arousal). Additional questions about interference with
functioning were also posed. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of full PTSD
was 2.7% for women and 1.2% for men. The prevalence of partial PTSD was
3.4% for women and 0.3% for men. Interference with work or school was
significantly more pronounced in persons with full PTSD than in those with
only partial symptoms, although the latter were significantly more
occupationally impaired than traumatized persons without PTSD. CONCLUSIONS:
These findings in an epidemiologic sample underscore observations from
patient and military groups that many traumatized persons suffer from a
subsyndromal form of PTSD. These persons with partial PTSD, although
somewhat less impaired than persons with the full syndrome, nonetheless
exhibit clinically meaningful levels of functional impairment in
association with their symptoms. This subthreshold form of PTSD may be
especially prevalent in women. Additional study of partial PTSD is
warranted.
The objective of this study was to assess the variables associated with complications of total hip replacement (THR) and report owner-assessed outcomes. Entries into the British Veterinary ...Orthopaedic Association-Canine Hip Registry (BVOA-CHR) between September 2011 and December 2012 were reviewed separately and in conjunction with previous data (January 2010–August 2011). An outcomes assessment questionnaire was used to collect data from owners. Incidences of surgeon-reported and owner-reported complications were 8.2 per cent and 4.3 per cent, respectively. THR using the BioMedtrix BFX cup/stem prosthesis had a greater incidence of complications compared with THR using the BioMedtrix CFX cup/stem prosthesis (P=0.002); complications were 4.48 times more likely when using the BioMedtrix BFX cup/stem prosthesis versus the BioMedtrix CFX cup/stem prosthesis. THR using the BioMedtrix BFX cup/stem prosthesis had a higher incidence of complications compared with THR using a hybrid prosthesis (BioMedtrix BFX cup/CFX stem, BioMedtrix CFX cup/BFX stem) (P=0.046); complications were 2.85 times more likely when using the BioMedtrix BFX cup/stem prosthesis versus a hybrid prosthesis. In 95 per cent of cases, owner satisfaction with the outcome of THR was ‘very good’ or ‘good’. Complication rates from the BVOA-CHR are similar to previous studies. The data suggest that prosthesis type is associated with complication rate, with BioMedtrix BFX (circa 2012) having a high short-term complication rate.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This article examines the link between the determinants of a Perceived Strategic Value construct and an Adoption construct for e-commerce in Slovakian small and medium-sized enterprises. Results ...indicate that three factors-Organizational Support, Managerial Productivity, and Decision Aids-comprise the Perceived Strategic Value construct. For the Adoption construct, four factors-External Pressure, Ease of Use, Readiness and Compatibility, and Perceived Usefulness-were revealed. Canonical correlation analysis showed a positive link between these constructs. Theoretical, practical, and policy implications are presented. This study enhances the understanding of the Perceived Strategic Value and of the adoption of e-commerce for Slovakian small and medium-sized enterprises.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
The crystal structure of the F
1
-catalytic domain of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase has been determined from the pathogenic anaerobic bacterium
Fusobacterium nucleatum
. The enzyme can ...hydrolyse ATP but is partially inhibited. The structure is similar to those of the F
1
-ATPases from
Caldalkalibacillus thermarum
, which is more strongly inhibited in ATP hydrolysis, and in
Mycobacterium smegmatis
, which has a very low ATP hydrolytic activity. The β
E
-subunits in all three enzymes are in the conventional ‘open’ state, and in the case of
C. thermarum
and
M. smegmatis
, they are occupied by an ADP and phosphate (or sulfate), but in
F. nucleatum
, the occupancy by ADP appears to be partial. It is likely that the hydrolytic activity of the
F. nucleatum
enzyme is regulated by the concentration of ADP, as in mitochondria.
BRI1-like receptor kinase (BRL1) was identified as an extragenic suppressor of a weak bri1 allele, bri1-5, in an activation-tagging genetic screen for novel brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction ...regulators. BRL1 encodes a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase (LRR-RLK). Sequence alignment revealed that BRL1 is closely related to BRI1, which is involved in BR perception. Overexpression of a BRL1 cDNA, driven by a constitutive CaMV 35S promoter, recapitulates the bri1-5 suppression phenotypes, and partially complements the phenotypes of a null bri1 allele, bri1-4. Analysis of a BR-specific feedback response gene, CPD, indicates that BRL1 functions in BR signaling. BRL1 expression pattern overlaps with, but is distinct from, that of BRI1. In addition, both the expression level and in vitro kinase autophosphorylation activity of BRL1 are significantly lower than those of BRI1. bri1-5 brl1-1 double mutant plants have enhanced developmental defects relative to bri1-5 mutant plants, revealing that BRL1 plays a partially redundant role with BRI1 in controlling Arabidopsis growth and development. These findings enhance our understanding of functional redundancy and add an additional layer of complexity to RLK-mediated BR signaling transduction in Arabidopsis.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1) of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a cell surface receptor for brassinosteroids. Mutations in BRI1 severely affect plant growth and development. Activation tagging ...of a weak bri1 allele (bri1-5) resulted in the identification of a new locus, brs1-1D. BRS1 is predicted to encode a secreted carboxypeptidase. Whereas a brs1 loss-of-function allele has no obvious mutant phenotype, overexpression of BRS1 can suppress bri1 extracellular domain mutants. Genetic analyses showed that brassinosteroids and a functional BRI1 protein kinase domain are required for suppression. In addition, overexpressed BRS1 missense mutants, predicted to abolish BRS1 protease activity, failed to suppress bri1-5. Finally, the effects of BRS1 are selective: overexpression in either wild-type or two other receptor kinase mutants resulted in no phenotypic alterations. These results strongly suggest that BRS1 processes a protein involved in an early event in the BRI1 signaling.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are a special set of repressive transcription factors involved in epigenetic modifications of chromatin. They form two functionally distinct groups of catalytically ...active complexes: Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2). The PRC1 complex is an important yet poorly characterized multiprotein histone ubiquitylation machine responsible for maintaining transcriptionally silent states of genes through histone H2A K119 modification. The Ring domain containing subunits of PRC1 also have substrate-targeting domains that interact with Cbx proteins, which have been implicated in chromatin and RNA binding. In this work, we present a high resolution structure of the C-terminal domain of Ring1B, revealing a variant ubiquitin-like fold with a distinct conserved surface region. On the basis of crystal structure and mutational analysis of this domain we show that the conserved surface is responsible for interaction with Cbx members of the PRC1 and homodimer formation. These data suggest a mechanism by which Ring1B serves as an adaptor that mediates binding between the members of the PRC1 complex and the nucleosome.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The vacuole-type ATPases (V-ATPases) are proton pumps in various intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic V-ATPase of Enterococcus hirae, closely related to the eukaryotic enzymes, ...provides a unique opportunity to study ion translocation by V-ATPases because it transports Na⁺ ions, which are easier to detect by x-ray crystallography and radioisotope experiments. The purified rotor ring (K-ring) of the E. hirae V-ATPase binds one Na⁺ ion per K-monomer with high affinity, which is competitively inhibited by Li⁺ or H⁺, suggesting that the K-ring can also bind these ions. This finding is also supported by the K-ring structure at 2.8 Å in the presence of Li⁺. Association and dissociation rates of the Na⁺ to and from the purified K-ring were extremely slow compared with the Na⁺ translocation rate estimated from the enzymatic activity, strongly suggesting that interaction with the stator subunit (I-subunit) is essential for Na⁺ binding to /release from the K-ring.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
A hybrid fibre and free-space optical communication link using digital pulse-position modulation (DPPM) in a wavelength-division-multiplexing system is proposed. Such a system, which could provide a ...power efficient, robust and flexible solution to high-speed access networks, is a contender for a passive optical network solution and could readily be deployed in areas with restrictions in optical fibre installation, or alternatively as a disaster recovery network. Interchannel crosstalk and atmospheric turbulence are major impairments in such a system and could combine in some cases to degrade the system. Both impairments are investigated here and the results are presented in the form of bit error probability, required optical transmission power and power penalties. Depending on the position of the interferer relative to the desired user, power penalties of about 0.2–3.0 dB for weak turbulence and above 20 dB for strong turbulence regimes are reported for bit error rate of 10−6. DPPM scheme with a coding level of 2 show about 2 dB improvements over on–off-keying scheme.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In mitochondria, the hydrolytic activity of ATP synthase is prevented by an inhibitor protein, IF1. The active bovine protein (84 amino acids) is an alpha-helical dimer with monomers associated via ...an antiparallel alpha-helical coiled coil composed of residues 49-81. The N-terminal inhibitory sequences in the active dimer bind to two F1-ATPases in the presence of ATP. In the crystal structure of the F1-IF1 complex at 2.8 A resolution, residues 1-37 of IF1 bind in the alpha(DP)-beta(DP) interface of F1-ATPase, and also contact the central gamma subunit. The inhibitor opens the catalytic interface between the alpha(DP) and beta(DP) subunits relative to previous structures. The presence of ATP in the catalytic site of the beta(DP) subunit implies that the inhibited state represents a pre-hydrolysis step on the catalytic pathway of the enzyme.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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