In recent years, the short video industry has become popular worldwide due to its characteristics of popularization, personalization, and diversification. Among them, Kwai App has become the second ...largest short video company in the world with its huge number of users. Therefore, this article’s theme was to study the profit model of Kwai Technology Company by using the five elements theory. The research methods of this article mainly included literature review and case analysis. The results showed that the financial situation of Kwai is not optimistic, the operating costs are huge, the enterprise has suffered losses for years, and the growth rate of customer groups is also slowing. In the future, Kwai should try its best to reduce costs, increase profits, expand its user range and achieve better development. Through the analysis of Kwai’s profit model, this paper was conducive to Kwai’s understanding of its profit model status and risk warning, as well as investors’ understanding of the profit model of the short video industry, helping them make correct judgments on their own investment decisions.
Hagiographical tales tell us that some Buddhist monks who lived during the Early Medieval China (220–589) possessed considerable medical skills. Some were proficient in foreign medicine, while others ...had mastery over traditional Chinese medicine. The outstanding medical practitioners among these monks included Yu Fakai 于法開, Zhi Facun 支法存, Sengshen 僧深, and Shi Daohong 釋道洪. In addition to having a background in traditional Chinese medicine, these individuals are said to have had access to foreign medical knowledge due to their status as monks. However, the literature on these physician-monks’ medical skills is limited, which is why the present paper aims to explore this matter further, especially by introducing and elaborating upon some modern Chinese research which has generally gone unnoticed in international scholarship. To this end, this paper critically analyzes various historical records detailing these monks’ lives. It shows that, in addition to having extraordinary medical skills, some of these physician-monks mastered methods to cure specific diseases (such as beriberi jiaoqi bing 腳氣病 (This is the name of the disease in traditional Chinese Medicine. It refers to a disease characterized by numbness, soreness, weakness, contracture, swelling, or muscle withering in the legs and feet.)). It also shows that they were usually more accurate in syndrome differentiation, while the treatments they prescribed were unique. However, given the lack of information, further research is required to clarify how these physician-monks learned methods as well as the impact of their foreign medicine knowledge on their methods.
•An overview of antiviral effects of a wide range of photocatalysts is presented.•Development of photocatalytic reactors for viral inactivation is summarized.•Key mechanisms of photocatalytic viral ...disinfection in three views are reviewed.•Future opportunities & challenges in photocatalytic viral disinfection are included.
Achieving efficient disinfection of waterborne pathogens with minimized harmful disinfection byproducts demands a facile, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technology. Recently, photocatalytic water disinfection has attracted an ever-growing worldwide attention due to its powerful oxidative capability and promising potential in solar energy utilization. Among waterborne pathogens, viruses, which have been found with very small sizes, high risks of illness, and resistant to environmental inactivation/decomposition, pose a great threat to public health. Over the past a few decades, efforts have been made to employ photocatalysis to achieve effective viral inactivation. Though photocatalysis has been comprehensively reviewed for bacterial disinfection, photocatalytic disinfection of viruses with quite different compositions, structures, and resistance to oxidative stress compared to bacteria was not systematically documented. Here, we present an overview of antiviral effects of a wide range of photocatalysts, including TiO2-based, metal-containing (other than TiO2), and metal-free photocatalysts. Moreover, the development of photocatalytic reactors for viral inactivation is summarized to promote practical engineering applications for water disinfection. In addition, key mechanisms that determine the performance of photocatalytic viral disinfection are reviewed. Future perspectives of research opportunities and challenges in photocatalytic viral disinfection are also included. This review will shed light on the development and implementation of sustainable disinfection strategies for controlling waterborne viruses in the future.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
A BINAP-Cu system supported by hydrotalcite has been developed and proved to be a highly efficient catalyst for the atom-efficient and green borrowing hydrogen reaction and dehydrogenative ...cyclization. This BINAP-Cu complex supported by hydrotalcite is highly air-stable and can be recycled at least five times under solvent-free conditions. Notably, 1-benzyl-2-aryl-1 H -benzo d imidazole derivatives could be synthesized from alcohols in only one step with water as the solvent for the first time. This provided a much greener and efficient catalytic method towards the synthesis of functionalized amines, ketones and 1-benzyl-2-aryl-1 H -benzo d imidazole derivatives with high yields under water or solvent-free conditions.
Materials exhibiting high energy/power density are currently needed to meet the growing demand of portable electronics, electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage devices. The highest energy ...densities are achieved for fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, but conventional dielectric capacitors are receiving increased attention for pulsed power applications due to their high power density and their fast charge–discharge speed. The key to high energy density in dielectric capacitors is a large maximum but small remanent (zero in the case of linear dielectrics) polarization and a high electric breakdown strength. Polymer dielectric capacitors offer high power/energy density for applications at room temperature, but above 100 °C they are unreliable and suffer from dielectric breakdown. For high-temperature applications, therefore, dielectric ceramics are the only feasible alternative. Lead-based ceramics such as La-doped lead zirconate titanate exhibit good energy storage properties, but their toxicity raises concern over their use in consumer applications, where capacitors are exclusively lead free. Lead-free compositions with superior power density are thus required. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental principles of energy storage in dielectrics. We discuss key factors to improve energy storage properties such as the control of local structure, phase assemblage, dielectric layer thickness, microstructure, conductivity, and electrical homogeneity through the choice of base systems, dopants, and alloying additions, followed by a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art. Finally, we comment on the future requirements for new materials in high power/energy density capacitor applications.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Hierarchical NiS microflowers were synthesized by a facile two-step method. Electrochemical measurements results show that the NiS owns the much high Cm and long cycle life.
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•New ...hierarchical NiS microflowers with high capacitance performance were prepared.•Specific capacitance of NiS is up to 1122.7F·g−1 at current density of 1A·g−1.•Capacitance retention of NiS electrode after 1000 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles is 97.8%.•NiS//AC delivers an energy density of 31Wh·kg−1 at a power density of 0.9kW·kg−1.
In this work, the hierarchical NiS microflowers were synthesized using Ni(OH)2 as precursors through sulfuration process. The microstructure and chemical composition of as-prepared NiS was confirmed by means of SEM, TEM, XRD, BET and XPS. The SEM analysis results demonstrated that the NiS microflowers were composed of hierarchical nanoplates, and its surface was much rougher compared to that of Ni(OH)2 templates after sulfidation. Electrochemical characterization revealed that NiS presented high specific capacitance in 3M KOH electrolyte (1122.7F·g−1 at current density of 1A·g−1) and good electrochemical cycling stability (97.8% of the specific capacitance is retained after 1000 charge-discharge cycles at current density of 10A·g−1). Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor, NiS as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode, delivered high energy density of 31Wh·kg−1 at power density of 0.9kW·kg−1 under operating voltage window of 1.8V.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Because of the limited spatiotemporal resolutions in vegetation index (VI) products, land surface phenology (LSP) results may not well capture ground-based phenological changes. This is likely the ...result of the mixed pixel effect: (1) a pixel in VI products may contain an unknown composition of vegetation species or land cover types; and (2) these species differ in their sensitivity to climatic variations. The mixed pixel effect has induced inconsistent findings in LSP with in situ observations of spring phenology. To this end, this study has designed a series of simulation experiments to initiate the methodological exploration of how the green-up date (GUD) of a mixed pixel could be altered by the endmember GUDs and different non-GUD variables, including the endmember composition, minimum and maximum normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the length of the growth period. The study has also compared the sensitivity of two generally adopted GUD identification methods, the relative threshold method and the curvature method (also known as the inflection-point method). The simulations with two endmembers show that even if there is no change in the endmember GUDs, the GUD of the mixed pixel could be substantially altered by the changes in non-GUD variables. In addition, the study has also developed a simulation toolkit for the GUD identification with cases of three or more endmembers. The results of the study provide insights into effective strategies for analyzing spring phenology using VI products: the mixed pixel effect can be alleviated by selecting pixels that are relatively stable in the land cover or species composition. This simulation study calls for in situ phenological observations to validate the LSP, such as conducting climate-controlled experiments on few mixed species at a small spatial scale. The paper also argues for the necessity of isolating GUD trends caused by non-phenological changes in the study of spring phenology.
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•The paper examines the mixed pixel effect in the LSP using a simulation design.•The paper compares the GUD identification between the relative threshold method and the curvature method.•The GUD of a mixed pixel can be obfuscated by non-GUD variables.•The mixed pixel effect can be alleviated with a stable land cover or species composition.•The paper develops a simulation toolkit for the GUD identification.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
All‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are considered to be the next‐generation energy storage system, because of their overwhelming advantages in energy density and safety compared to ...conventional lithium ion batteries. Among various systems, garnet‐based ASSLBs are one of the most promising candidates. The advantages arise from the intrinsic properties of garnet electrolytes, especially the high shear modulus and wider electrochemical window compared to that of polymer and sulfide electrolytes, guaranteeing the application of Li metal and high voltage cathodes. However, the interfacial issues between garnets and electrodes (Li metal and cathodes) are challenging and hinder the further development of garnet‐based ASSLBs. Herein, the origin of interfacial resistance and recent development of interfacial construction in garnet‐based ASSLBs are reviewed, as well as the subsequent interfacial degradation and cell failure during cycling process, including inhomogeneous plating and stripping, Li dendrites, and strain induced microcracks in stiff electrodes. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities in this important and exciting field are also presented.
Garnet‐based all‐solid‐state lithium batteries will be promising next generation energy storage system once the interfacial issues are solved. The interfacial issues include the large interfacial resistance at the initial state and the mechanical degradation of both anodic and cathodic interfaces during the subsequent cycling process. Ingenious architecture design and advanced engineering technique can help to build a better all‐solid‐state lithium battery.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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