The MiniBooNE experiment has reported results from the analysis of νe and ν¯e appearance searches, which show an excess of signal-like events at low reconstructed neutrino energies, with respect to ...the expected background. A significant component of this background comes from photon emission induced by (anti)neutrino neutral current interactions with nucleons and nuclei. With an improved microscopic model for these reactions, we predict the number and distributions of photon events at the MiniBooNE detector. Our results are compared to the MiniBooNE in situ estimate and to other theoretical approaches. We find that, according to our model, neutral current photon emission from single-nucleon currents is insufficient to explain the events excess observed by MiniBooNE in both neutrino and antineutrino modes.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the third generation of photovoltaic cells developed by Grätzel and O'Regan. They have the characteristics of low cost, simple manufacturing process, tunable ...optical properties, and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE). With an ever increasing energy crisis, there is an urgent need to develop highly efficient, environmentally benign, and energy-saving cell materials. Polyoxometalates (POMs), a kind of molecular inorganic quasi-semiconductor, are promising candidates for use in different parts of DSSCs due to their excellent photosensitivity, redox, and catalytic properties, as well as their relative stability. Following a brief introduction to the development of DSSCs and the potential virtues of POMs in DSSCs, we attempt to make some generalizations about the energy level regulation of POMs that is the underlying theoretical basis for their application in DSSCs, and then we summarize the research progress of POMs in DSSCs in recent years. This is organized in terms of the properties of POMs, namely, electron acceptor, photosensitivity, redox and catalysis, based on the accumulation of our research into POMs over many years. Meanwhile, in view of the fact that the properties of POMs depend primarily on their electronic structural diversity, we keep this point in mind throughout the article with a view to revealing their structure-property relationships. Finally we provide a short summary and remarks on the future outlook. This review may be of interest to synthetic chemists devoted to designing POMs with specific structures, and researchers engaged in the extension of POMs to photoelectric materials.
Considering the continuing slowdown of the improvement in energy intensity around the world, it is essential to seek a more effective measure to address the dilemma of energy and sustainable ...development. To this end, this research attempts to provide fresh insight into the determinants of energy intensity from the perspective of industrial robots and an industry-based view. By applying the dynamic panel GMM estimate methodology to a new data panel that includes 38 countries and 17 manufacturing sectors, this study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the use of industrial robots on manufacturing energy intensity. We found that industrial robots could significantly improve manufacturing energy intensity, and our hypotheses passed a series of robustness tests. Moreover, this improvement effect works through the technology improvement effect and technological complement effect between industrial robots and labor. Finally, we found a heterogeneous nexus exists between industrial robots and manufacturing energy intensity. Specifically, industrial robots can exert influence on non-renewable energy intensity rather than renewable energy intensity. Compared to capital-intensive sectors, we found that the use of industrial robots mainly affected labor-intensive sectors. We also found that Industry 4.0 could promote the improvement effects of industrial robots on manufacturing energy intensity.
•We investigate the impact of application of industrial robots on energy intensity.•We find that industrial robots can significantly improve the manufacturing energy intensity.•This effect works through technology improvement effect and technological complement effect.•There exists heterogenous nexus between industrial robots and manufacturing energy intensity.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Taking renewable energy consumption as a concomitant variable and using data from 25 manufacturing subsectors in 38 countries from 2000 to 2014, this paper investigates the impact of economic growth ...on CO2 emissions at the subsector level by employing an endogenous finite mixture model for the first time. The results are as follows: (1) Manufacturing growth has led to a significant increase of CO2 emissions, but this promoting effect becomes weak as the share of renewable energy consumption expands; (2) With the growing impact of renewable energy consumption, nearly half of the sample countries and two-thirds of the subsectors have experienced the transformation of the nexus between manufacturing growth and emissions; and (3) Compared with coal, coke and crude, the growth of the manufacturing subsector that is mainly dependent on natural gas, electricity and heat, has produced lower emissions. Our findings provide significant evidence of and references for formulating renewable energy policy for various manufacturing subsectors.
•We explore the nexus between manufacturing growth (MG) and CO2 emissions (CO2).•We employ a new cross-country cross-subsector dataset.•Employing a finite mixture model with concomitant variable.•MG has led to a significant increasing in CO2.•Improvement effect of MG on CO2 becomes strong as renewable energy expands.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A chiral nanoporous metal‐organic framework (MOF) with high porosity is obtained based on nontoxic zinc and achiral hexadentate ligand. It shows high drug loading and slow release of the proportion ...of the loaded drug with a complete delivery time of about one week when used as a material for adsorption and delivery of anticancer 5‐fluorouracil.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have attracted wide attentions because of their high theoretical specific capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, the growth of lithium dendrites seriously ...affects the practical application of LMBs. Thus, the lithium‐philic carbonyl and carboxy dual‐group‐modified covalent organic framework (COF‐COOH) is designed to coat the polypropylene (PP) separator (COF‐COOH@PP separator), realizing the regulation of ion transport and uniform lithium deposition. The plentiful and negative charge sites in the COF‐COOH can suppress the diffusion of the freely movable lithium salt anion by the electrostatic interaction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the COF‐COOH possesses the function of anchoring anion and desolvation. Consequently, the Li+ transference number (0.7), ion conductivity (0.64 mS cm−1), and desolvating of Li+ are obviously improved by using the COF‐COOH@PP separator. The modified Li‐Li symmetric battery delivers stable cycle for more than 1000 h and lower voltage hysteresis (0.02 V). This dendrite‐free deposition strategy holds great promise for practical application of Li metal anodes.
A novel dual‐polar group functionalized covalent organic framework is designed to coat the polypropylene separator, which is benefit for accelerating Li+ transport and achieving dendrite‐free deposition for Li metal anode.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8), for the first time for ZIFs, exhibits a remarkable capacity for the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), around 660 mg of 5-FU/g of ZIF-8, and presents a ...pH-triggered controlled drug release property. These prove ZIF-8 to be a valuable candidate for delivery of anticancer agents and reveal its potential applications in the treatment of cancer.
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