Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) in a tandem configuration offer a strategy to realize high‐performance, multicolor devices. Until now, though, the efficiency of tandem colloidal quantum dot LEDs (QLEDs) ...has been limited due to unpassivated interfaces and solvent damage originating from the materials processing requirements of interconnecting layers (ICLs). Here an ICL is reported consisting of a semiconductor‐metal‐dielectric stack that provides facile fabrication, materials stability, and good optoelectronic coupling. It is investigated experimentally how the ICL enables charge balance, suppresses current leakage, and prevents solvent damage to the underlying layers. As a result record efficiencies are reported for double‐junction tandem QLEDs, whose emission wavelengths cover from blue to red light; i.e., external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 40% (average 37+/−2%) for red, 49% (average 45+/−2%) for yellow, 50% (average 46+/−2%) for green, and 24% (average 21+/−2%) for blue are achieved.
A highly efficient interconnecting layers (ICLs) are reported consisting of multifunctional inorganic semiconductor‐metal‐dielectric stack, which enables the resultant tandem quantum dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs) with double junction to achieve a record efficiency, with the EQEs of 40% for red, 49% for yellow, 50% for green, and 24% for blue.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Aiming to address the issues of missing detailed information, the blurring of significant target information, and poor visual effects in current image fusion algorithms, this paper proposes an ...infrared and visible-light image fusion algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform and convolutional neural networks. Our backbone network is an autoencoder. A DWT layer is embedded in the encoder to optimize frequency-domain feature extraction and prevent information loss, and a bottleneck residual block and a coordinate attention mechanism are introduced to enhance the ability to capture and characterize the low- and high-frequency feature information; an IDWT layer is embedded in the decoder to achieve the feature reconstruction of the fused frequencies; the fusion strategy adopts the l1−norm fusion strategy to integrate the encoder’s output frequency mapping features; a weighted loss containing pixel loss, gradient loss, and structural loss is constructed for optimizing network training. DWT decomposes the image into sub-bands at different scales, including low-frequency sub-bands and high-frequency sub-bands. The low-frequency sub-bands contain the structural information of the image, which corresponds to the important target information, while the high-frequency sub-bands contain the detail information, such as edge and texture information. Through IDWT, the low-frequency sub-bands that contain important target information are synthesized with the high-frequency sub-bands that enhance the details, ensuring that the important target information and texture details are clearly visible in the reconstructed image. The whole process is able to reconstruct the information of different frequency sub-bands back into the image non-destructively, so that the fused image appears natural and harmonious visually. Experimental results on public datasets show that the fusion algorithm performs well according to both subjective and objective evaluation criteria and that the fused image is clearer and contains more scene information, which verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm, and the results of the generalization experiments also show that our network has good generalization ability.
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The active capacitor concept based on power electronic circuits has been proposed recently to exceed the physical limit of the passive capacitor. It retains the physical convenience of use as a ...passive capacitor and has the potential to increase either the power density or the lifetime depending on the applications. However, the cost of the existing design by using ceramic or film capacitors to achieve extreme performance increases a lot, which must be taken into account in the design from the industry aspect. This article proposes a cost-constrained design of an active capacitor used for dc-link applications. It is implemented based on high-current electrolytic capacitors instead of film capacitors or ceramic capacitors. A model-based optimization design procedure is discussed in terms of performance factors of interest. A case study of a 5.5-kW single-phase inverter demonstrates a 38% volume reduction of the dc link with the proposed active capacitor under specific constraints of cost, volume, power loss, and lifetime. The outcomes move one step further for the practical application of the active capacitor concept.
Immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) fold domains are abundant on the surface of bacteria, where they are required for cell-to-cell recognition, adhesion, biofilm formation, and conjugative transfer. ...Fibrillar adhesins are proteins with Ig-like fold(s) that have filamentous structures at the cell surface, being thinner and more flexible than pili. While the roles of fibrillar adhesins have been proposed in bacteria overall, their characterization in
has not been established and, therefore, understanding about fibrillar adhesins remain limited in
. This in silico analysis can aid in the systematic identification of Ig-like-folded and fibrillar adhesin-like proteins in
, opening new avenues for disease prevention by interfering in microbial interaction between
and the host.
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Mycolic acids constitute pivotal constituents within the cell wall structure of
. Due to their structural diversity, the composition of mycolic acids exhibits substantial variations among different ...strains, endowing them with the distinctive label of being the 'signature' feature of mycobacterial species. Within
, the primary classes of mycolic acids include α-, keto-, and methoxy-mycolic acids. While these mycolic acids are predominantly esterified to the cell wall components (such as arabinogalactan, alginate, or glucose) of
, a fraction of free mycolic acids are secreted during in vitro growth of the bacterium. Remarkably, different types of mycolic acids possess varying capabilities to induce foamy macro-phages and trigger immune responses. Additionally, mycolic acids play a regulatory role in the lipid metabolism of host cells, thereby exerting influence over the progression of tuberculosis. Consequently, the multifaceted properties of mycolic acids shape the immune evasion strategy employed by
. A comprehensive understanding of mycolic acids is of paramount significance in the pursuit of developing tuberculosis therapeutics and unraveling the intricacies of its pathogenic mechanisms.
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A supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO2) extraction method was used to obtain the optimum process for extracting yellow horn seed oil. The anti-fatigue and antioxidant properties of the ...extracted oil were investigated through animal experiments. The optimum process conditions for SF-CO2 extraction of the yellow horn oil were 40 MPa, 50 °C and 120 min, with an extraction yield of 31.61%. The high-dose group of yellow horn oil could significantly increase the weight-bearing swimming time, the hepatic glycogen (HG) content and decrease the lactic acid (LA) content and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content (p < 0.05) in mice. Moreover, it improved the antioxidant ability by reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content (p < 0.01) and raising the glutathione reductase (GR) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content (p < 0.05) in mice. Yellow horn oil has the effects of being an anti-fatigue and antioxidant substance, which provides a basis for its further utilization and development.
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Hypoxia-based agents (HBAs), such as anaerobic bacteria and bioreductive prodrugs, require both a permeable and hypoxic intratumoural environment to be fully effective. To solve this problem, herein, ...we report that perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PNPs) can be used to create a long-lasting, penetrable and hypoxic tumour microenvironment for ensuring both the delivery and activation of subsequently administered HBAs. In addition to the increased permeability and enhanced hypoxia caused by the PNPs, the PNPs can be retained to further achieve the long-term inhibition of intratumoural O
reperfusion while enhancing HBA accumulation for over 24 h. Therefore, perfluorocarbon materials may have great potential for reigniting clinical research on hypoxia-based drugs.
Quadrotor technology has become increasingly important in the field of photovoltaic (PV) solar farm monitoring, but short battery life is one of the primary factors limiting its further application. ...To address above issue, this study proposes a linear temporal logic (LTL)-based path planning algorithm that considers the need for charging together with multiple visits to PV equipments, a single visit to communication equipment, and the avoidance of restricted regions, which enables the long-term monitoring of PV solar farms. Particularly, the location of a charging station can be determined optimally and efficiently by a heuristic algorithm based on the nonlinear programming and branch and bound (NLP-BB) algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method effectively solves the long-term monitoring path planning problem that is coupled with the optimal deployment of the charging station.
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During the long-term operation of hydro-junction infrastructure, water flow erosion causes concrete surfaces to crack, resulting in seepage, spalling, and rebar exposure. To ensure infrastructure ...safety, detecting such damage is critical. We propose a highly accurate damage detection method using a deep convolutional neural network with transfer learning. First, we collected images from hydro-junction infrastructure using a high-definition camera. Second, we preprocessed the images using an image expansion method. Finally, we modified the structure of Inception-v3 and trained the network using transfer learning to detect damage. The experiments show that the accuracy of the proposed damage detection method is 96.8%, considerably higher than the accuracy of a support vector machine. The results demonstrate that our damage detection method achieves better damage detection performance.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Oxidative stress is a major pathogenic mechanism in Parkinson's disease (PD). As an important cellular antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) balances the production and incorporation of free radicals to ...protect neurons from oxidative damage. GSH level is decreased in the brains of PD patients. Hence, clarifying the molecular mechanism of GSH deficiency may help deepen our knowledge of PD pathogenesis. Here we report that the astrocytic dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) regulates GSH synthesis via PKM2-mediated Nrf2 transactivation. In addition we find that pyridoxine can dimerize PKM2 to promote GSH biosynthesis. Further experiments show that pyridoxine supplementation increases the resistance of nigral dopaminergic neurons to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity in wild-type mice as well as in astrocytic Drd2 conditional knockout mice. We conclude that dimerizing PKM2 may be a potential target for PD treatment.
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