Exploration of the topological quantum materials with electron correlation is at the frontier of physics, as the strong interaction may give rise to new topological phases and transitions. Here we ...report that a family of kagome magnets RMn6Sn6 manifest the quantum transport properties analogical to those in the quantum-limit Chern magnet TbMn6Sn6. The topological transport in the family, including quantum oscillations with nontrivial Berry phase and large anomalous Hall effect arising from Berry curvature field, points to the existence of Chern gapped Dirac fermions. Furthermore, our observation demonstrates a close relationship between rare-earth magnetism and topological electron structure, indicating the rare-earth elements can effectively engineer the Chern quantum phase in kagome magnets.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The kidney is a vital organ for the elimination of therapeutic drugs and their metabolites.Renal drug transporters,which are primarily located in the renal proximal tubules,play an important role in ...tubular secretion and reabsorption of drug molecules in the kidney.Tubular secretion is characterized by high clearance capacities,broad substrate specificities,and distinct charge selectivity for organic cations and anions.In the past two decades,substantial progress has been made in understanding the roles of transporters in drug disposition,efficacy,toxicity and drug–drug interactions(DDIs).In the kidney,several transporters are involved in renal handling of organic cation(OC) and organic anion(OA) drugs.These transporters are increasingly recognized as the target for clinically significant DDIs.This review focuses on the functional characteristics of major human renal drug transporters and their involvement in clinically significant DDIs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Coordinative supramolecular cages with adjustable cavities have found extensive applications in various fields, but the cavity modification strategies for multi‐functional structures are still ...challenging. Here, we present a tension‐driven self‐expansion strategy for construction of multi‐cavity cages with high structural complexity. Under the regulation of strain‐induced capping ligands, unprecedented heteromorphosis triple‐cavity cages S2/S4 were obtained based on a metallo‐organic ligand (MOL) scaffold. The heteromorphosis cages exhibited significant higher cavity diversity than the homomorphous double‐cavity cages S1/S3; all of the cages were thoroughly characterized through various analytical techniques including (1D and 2D) NMR, ESI‐MS, TWIM‐MS, AFM, and SAXS analyses. Furthermore, the encapsulation of porphyrin in the cavities of these multi‐cavity cages were investigated. This research opens up new possibilities for the architecture of heteromorphosis supramolecular cages via precisely controlled “scaffold‐capping” assembly with preorganized ligands, which could have potential applications in the development of multifunctional structures with higher complexity.
A strain‐dependent capping strategy was proposed to obtain a series of multi‐cavity cages, where dimetallic double‐cavity cages and triple‐cavity cages were formed through the geometric matching and the strain‐induced tension, respectively. This is the first time that discrete supramolecular cages with three cavities have been achieved through the application of molecular strain.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Quantum states induced by single-atomic impurities are at the frontier of physics and material science. While such states have been reported in high-temperature superconductors and dilute magnetic ...semiconductors, they are unexplored in topological magnets which can feature spin-orbit tunability. Here we use spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) to study the engineered quantum impurity in a topological magnet Co
Sn
S
. We find that each substituted In impurity introduces a striking localized bound state. Our systematic magnetization-polarized probe reveals that this bound state is spin-down polarized, in lock with a negative orbital magnetization. Moreover, the magnetic bound states of neighboring impurities interact to form quantized orbitals, exhibiting an intriguing spin-orbit splitting, analogous to the splitting of the topological fermion line. Our work collectively demonstrates the strong spin-orbit effect of the single-atomic impurity at the quantum level, suggesting that a nonmagnetic impurity can introduce spin-orbit coupled magnetic resonance in topological magnets.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) on the maintenance of limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) stemness and restoration of ...ocular surface. To determine the suitable concentration of SPARC for LESC culture, the marker expression, mitogenic effect, and holoclone‐forming capacity of LESCs treated with different concentrations of SPARC were analyzed. To investigate the mechanism of SPARC's action on the preservation of LESCs stemness, the phosphorylation of related signaling pathways was evaluated by Western blotting. A corneal wound model was established to verify the function of SPARC in ocular surface repair. Consecutive subculturing, colony‐forming efficiency, immunofluorescence, and 5‐ethynyl‐2‐deoxyuridine incorporation assays indicated that 1 μg/mL SPARC was a suitable concentration to stimulate LESC proliferation and preserve their proliferative potential. Compared with a control group, 1 μg/mL SPARC effectively increased the expression of ABCG‐2, Bmi‐1, and Ki67, while decreasing that of CK3/12. The mitogenic effect of SPARC on LESCs was found to be mediated by the phosphorylation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and p38‐MAPK signaling pathways, whereas the inhibitors of JNK and p38 MAPK reduced the marker expression and mitogenic capacity of LESCs. In a corneal injury model, SPARC facilitated corneal epithelial wound healing and promoted the proliferation of p63α‐positive cells both in the limbus and in the epithelial healing front. SPARC promotes proliferation while suppressing spontaneous differentiation of LESCs through JNK and p38‐MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting that SPARC is a promising factor for the improvement of LESCs culture in vitro and in vivo.
When cultured in medium containing1μg/mL secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in vitro, limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) showed a greater proliferative and clonogenic capacity and a higher expression of LESCs marker through c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase/p38 MAPK signal pathway. In corneal wounding model, exogenous SPARC accelerated corneal epithelial wound healing and promoted the proliferation of p63α‐positive cells both in limbus and in epithelial healing front.
Unprecedented chiral multilayer folding 3D polymers have been assembled and regulated by uniform and differentiated aromatic chromophore units between naphthyl piers. Screening catalysts, catalytic ...systems and monomers were proven to be crucial for asymmetric catalytic Suzuki–Miyaura polycouplings for this assembly. X‐ray crystallography of the corresponding dimers and trimers revealed the absolute configuration and the intermolecular packing pattern. Up to 61 960 Mw/41 900 Mn and m/z 4317 for polymers and oligomers, as confirmed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and MALDI‐TOF MS, indicated that these frameworks were composed of multiple stacked layers. The resulting multiple π‐assemblies exhibited remarkable optical properties in aggregated states (photoluminescence in solids and aggregation‐induced emission in solutions), as well as reversible redox properties in electrochemical performance.
A first asymmetric catalytic approach to multilayer 3D folding polymers by using Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling in the presence of chiral catalysts. The resulting multiple π‐assemblies exhibited remarkable optical properties in aggregated states (photoluminescence in solids and aggregation‐induced emission in solutions), as well as reversible redox properties in electrochemical performance.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background: MicroRNAs (miRs) play a crucial role in inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. Meanwhile, miRs act as biomarkers for predicting diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the regulatory ...mechanism of miR‐126 on development of periodontitis in patients with DM still remains unclear.
Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured with low (5.5 mmol/L), medium (15 mmol/L), and high (25 mmol/L) glucose, respectively. Expressions of miR‐126, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor (TRAF) 6, and related cytokines were analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After transfection with miR‐126 mimic, PCR and western blot were performed to detect level of TRAF6, and luciferase reporter assay confirmed if TRAF6 is the direct target of miR‐126. Production of cytokines was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Increased glucose significantly suppressed miR‐126 expression in human gingival fibroblasts (P <0.05). Also, high glucose increased TRAF6, interleukin (IL)‐6, TNF‐α, and chemical chemokine ligand (CCL) 2 levels, whereas it decreased IL‐10 level. MiR‐126 mimic significantly decreased TRAF6 mRNA and protein levels under high glucose (P <0.05). Also, miR‐126 directly targeted TRAF6 through binding to its 3′ untranslated region in human gingival fibroblasts. Overexpression of miR‐126 significantly abrogated high glucose–induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‐6, TNF‐α, and CCL2 and promoted production of IL‐10.
Conclusion: These data suggest that miR‐126 inhibits inflammation of human gingival fibroblasts under high glucose through targeting TRAF6, which may be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis concomitant with DM.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Developing highly luminescent and extensively stable silver cluster‐assembled materials (SCAMs) from the inferior luminogens and unstable silver cluster is an important and challenging issue. Herein, ...a new luminescent three‐dimensional SCAM (Ag12CPPP, Ag12(StBu)6(CF3COO)6(CPPP)2(DMAc)12n; CPPP=2,5‐bis(4‐cyanophenyl)‐1,4‐bis(4‐(pyridine‐4‐yl)‐phenyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyrrolo3,2‐bpyrrole, DMAc=dimethylacetamide) was designed and synthesized with a quadridentate rigid emission ligand (CPPP) and a silver–chalcogenolate cluster (SCC) containing 12 AgI atoms. The luminescence study indicates that CPPP is an aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) molecule with twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) character. Benefiting from the strong immobilization effect in the robust framework, the quantum yield of CPPP is greatly enhanced in Ag12CPPP compared with that of CPPP in solution or in the solid state. As a result, Ag12CPPP exhibits typical matrix coordination induced emission (MCIE) effect. Such efficient rigidifying methodology provides a promising approach for enhancing luminescence of ACQ molecules in an aggregated state and strengthening the silver cluster in an unstable state.
Cluster lighting: Matrix coordination induced emission (MCIE) effect was observed in a new three‐dimensional silver cluster‐assembled material (SCAM). The quantum yield (QY) of the SCAM is much higher than that of the quadridentate ligand (see figure).
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Silver chalcogenolate clusters (SCCs) and silver cluster‐assembled materials (SCAMs) are an important category of novel luminescent materials, the emission of which can be modulated by variation of ...the cluster nodes and linker species. Here, the successfully synthesis of two isostructural 2D SCAMs is reported: Ag12bpa and Ag12bpe are formed by using two linkers with different conformational freedom (bpa=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane, bpe=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene), with dodenuclear silver chalcogenolate clusters as secondary building units (SBUs). Interestingly, nonluminescent Ag12bpa at room temperature could quickly transform into 1D Ag10bpa, with concomitant dissociation of two silver atoms and the remaining ten silver atoms rearranging in the cluster, thus exhibiting an intense yellow phosphorescence after being triggered by acetonitrile (CH3CN). Similarly, stimulating Ag12bpe with CH3CN, by contrast, gave another 2D structure Ag12bpe‐1b with the distorted SBUs and different topology structure, and both of them are merely red‐emissive at low temperature. To note, after exchanging ligands, room‐temperature nonluminescent 2D Ag12bpe‐1b can be transformed into intensely luminescent 1D Ag10bpa. This linker‐flexibility‐dependent structural transformation and cluster‐based SBU controlled luminescence remains scarce. Our work provides new insights into structure–luminescence relationship in clustered metal–organic frameworks and intelligent stimulus‐responsive luminescent materials.
What a SCAM! Isostructural silver cluster‐assembled materials (SCAMs) Ag12bpa and Ag12bpe (bpa=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane, bpe=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene) were synthesized by using bidentate pyridine to give identical length yet different flexibility. Ag12bpa and Ag12bpe differently respond to acetonitrile: 2D Ag12bpa, which is only red‐emissive at low temperature transforms into yellow‐emissive 1D Ag10bpa at room temperature (see figure).
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Comprehensive Summary
Yne‐allenes bearing both a C—C triple bond and an allene unit are a class of focal substrates in organic synthesis, in view of their structure diversity, high reactivity and ...intermediate variety in the past years. Engaging yne‐allenes in numerous annulation cascades provides efficient and direct accesses to elaborate functionalized polycyclic molecular architectures in a convergent manner. There are lots of types of catalytic chemical reactions such as intramolecular cyclizations, cycloisomerizations, intermolecular annulations, and bicyclizations as well as tricyclizations with the assistance of Lewis acids, Brønsted acids, bases, transition metals, and other catalysts. This review provides an overview of the chemistry developed with transformations of yne‐allenes by discussing their general and specific reactivities, presenting and commenting on their mechanisms as well as their applications.
This review summarizes recent progress in the transformations of yne‐allenes with different structural features and focusing on reaction mechanisms. The aim of this article is to present a general overview of the possibilities offered to chemists using complementary catalytic modes and to emphasize advantages of the synthesis of cyclic structures on recently existing procedures and employed methodologies.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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