Novel carbon–carbon triple bond breaking and rearranging reactions of benzene-linked allene–ynes have been established. The reactions can be selectively controlled toward the formation of two ...families of skeletally diverse benzogindoles and 1-naphthols under mild conditions. Silver salt was found to efficiently promote indole annulation to give multifunctional benzogindoles with the installation of two sulfonyl groups into the indole ring via N–S and N–F bond cleavage of NFSI, whereas NBS and NCS-mediated benzannulations occurred with the formation of dihalogenated 1-naphthols.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Self-management is the cornerstone of diabetes care, however, despite the numerous recommendations available for self-management, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients' performance is suboptimal ...in China. This study aimed to explore the association between self-efficacy and self-management behaviors among Chinese T2DM patients, which might provide evidence to inform effective self-management interventions for these patients.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multi-stage stratified randomized sampling in Shandong Province, China. The Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form (DES-SF) was used to measure patients' self-efficacy to manage diabetes. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to explore the observed classes of self-management behaviors (dietary control, physical exercise, regular medication and self-monitoring of blood glucose). A two-class solution for self-management behaviors was tested to be the fittest based on LCA; we labelled active and inactive self-management groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to examine the associations between self-efficacy and self-management behaviors.
A total of 2166 T2DM patients were included in the analysis. The mean DES-SF score was 31.9 (standard deviation: 5.2). The estimated proportions of T2DM in the active and inactive groups were 54.8% and 45.2%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression showed that higher DES-SF score was significantly associated with higher possibility of active self-management behaviors (odds ratio = 1.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.08).
Self-efficacy in managing diabetes is associated with self-management behaviors among Chinese T2DM patients. To improve self-management behaviors, multiple strategies should be conducted to improve patients' self-efficacy.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In recent years, para-quinone methides (p-QMs) have emerged as attractive and versatile synthons in organic synthesis owing to their high reactivity. Consequently, p-QM chemistry has attracted ...increasing attention and remarkable advances have been achieved. Among the numerous transformations involving p-QMs, catalytic reactions play a pivotal role, and a variety of catalytic systems mediated by Lewis acids, Brønsted acids, bases, transition metals, N-heterocyclic carbenes, and other catalysts have been established for performing 1,6-conjugate addition reactions. Various molecular scaffolds have been constructed using p-QMs to obtain the core structures of numerous natural and synthetic substances of chemical and biomedical relevance. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in this rapidly growing field by summarizing the 1,6-conjugate addition and annulation reactions of p-QMs with consideration of their mechanisms and applications.
We use scanning tunneling microscopy to elucidate the atomically resolved electronic structure in the strongly correlated kagome Weyl antiferromagnet Mn3Sn. In stark contrast to its broad ...single-particle electronic structure, we observe a pronounced resonance with a Fano line shape at the Fermi level resembling the many-body Kondo resonance. We find that this resonance does not arise from the step edges or atomic impurities but the intrinsic kagome lattice. Moreover, the resonance is robust against the perturbation of a vector magnetic field, but broadens substantially with increasing temperature, signaling strongly interacting physics. We show that this resonance can be understood as the result of geometrical frustration and strong correlation based on the kagome lattice Hubbard model. Our results point to the emergent many-body resonance behavior in a topological kagome magnet.
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A new asymmetric catalytic conjugate reduction of yne-allenones to synthesize enantioenriched cyclobuta
naphthalen-4(2
)-ones has been established that uses copper-bisphosphine complexes as catalysts ...and gives excellent regio- and enantioselectivities (≥99% ee) in most cases. This protocol tolerates a broad scope of substrates, exhibits high compatibility with various substituents, and gives excellent stereoselectivity, providing a catalytic and efficient entry to fabrication of synthetically important chiral 6-6-4 tricarbocyclic scaffolds.
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A novel silver-chalcogenolate cluster-based framework Ag12TPPA·AA with long-lived afterglow was successfully synthesized. It transformed into more densely packed Ag12TPPA·AB and Ag12TPPA·ABC by layer ...sliding accompanied by macroscopic crystal contraction and changing luminescence.
•Generation Z and Generation Y pay more attention to reviews, cost, and cleanliness.•Generation X pay attention to cleanliness, reviews, and overall star rating.•High-risk people are likely to be ...affected by negative reviews.
The sharing economy is a new business model of e-commerce that stimulates new thinking in different ways. However, security and privacy are the most critical problems in the sharing economy. Stakeholders in this area need to build trust through online reviews. It may be risky when most people make decisions by reading fewer reviews. This research considers the emotions of comments in online reviews, and discovers the positive-negative sentiment ratio based on sentiment analysis. The sentiment ratio matches the level of risk, and customers view it as being suitable decision-making. The results suggest that the selected rankings were different between the base sentiment ratio and the rating stars for accommodations. In addition, different generation customers may make different decisions when they are shown pictures, room information, and the sentiment ratio for online reviews. Generation Z (under 20) and Generation Y (21–34) paid more attention to reviews, cost, and cleanliness. Generation X (35–49) paid attention to cleanliness, reviews, and total stars. The three generations all indicated the importance of online reviews for decision-making. On the other hand, high-risk people are more likely to be affected by the negative reviews, and make different decisions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Room-temperature realization of macroscopic quantum phases is one of the major pursuits in fundamental physics1,2. The quantum spin Hall phase3–6 is a topological quantum phase that features a ...two-dimensional insulating bulk and a helical edge state. Here we use vector magnetic field and variable temperature based scanning tunnelling microscopy to provide micro-spectroscopic evidence for a room-temperature quantum spin Hall edge state on the surface of the higher-order topological insulator Bi4Br4. We find that the atomically resolved lattice exhibits a large insulating gap of over 200 meV, and an atomically sharp monolayer step edge hosts an in-gap gapless state, suggesting topological bulk–boundary correspondence. An external magnetic field can gap the edge state, consistent with the time-reversal symmetry protection inherent in the underlying band topology. We further identify the geometrical hybridization of such edge states, which not only supports the Z2 topology of the quantum spin Hall state but also visualizes the building blocks of the higher-order topological insulator phase. Our results further encourage the exploration of high-temperature transport quantization of the putative topological phase reported here.We show that an insulating bulk state and helical edge state coexist in Bi4Br4 and that this coexistence persists up to room temperature.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
General and convenient visible-light-promoted alkylsulfonylation and cyanoalkylsulfonylation of MBH adducts have been developed through the multicomponent insertion of sulfur dioxide, enabling the ...assembly of two C–S bonds to generate structurally diverse allylic alkylsulfones (43 examples in total). The reaction of MBH adducts with potassium alkyltrifluoroborates and 1,4-diazabicyclo2.2.2octane bis(sulfur dioxide) adduct afforded sulfones with generally good yields. Notably, the addition of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine as a base into the photocatalytic system led to yielding an alkyl sulfonyl unit and cyano group-anchored trisubstituted alkenes by utilizing cycloketone oxime esters as C-radical precursors. Both of these reactions have constructed two C–S bonds, and all desired products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with complete stereospecificity.
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