Coordinative supramolecular cages with adjustable cavities have found extensive applications in various fields, but the cavity modification strategies for multi‐functional structures are still ...challenging. Here, we present a tension‐driven self‐expansion strategy for construction of multi‐cavity cages with high structural complexity. Under the regulation of strain‐induced capping ligands, unprecedented heteromorphosis triple‐cavity cages S2/S4 were obtained based on a metallo‐organic ligand (MOL) scaffold. The heteromorphosis cages exhibited significant higher cavity diversity than the homomorphous double‐cavity cages S1/S3; all of the cages were thoroughly characterized through various analytical techniques including (1D and 2D) NMR, ESI‐MS, TWIM‐MS, AFM, and SAXS analyses. Furthermore, the encapsulation of porphyrin in the cavities of these multi‐cavity cages were investigated. This research opens up new possibilities for the architecture of heteromorphosis supramolecular cages via precisely controlled “scaffold‐capping” assembly with preorganized ligands, which could have potential applications in the development of multifunctional structures with higher complexity.
A strain‐dependent capping strategy was proposed to obtain a series of multi‐cavity cages, where dimetallic double‐cavity cages and triple‐cavity cages were formed through the geometric matching and the strain‐induced tension, respectively. This is the first time that discrete supramolecular cages with three cavities have been achieved through the application of molecular strain.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
To investigate the incidence of maternal group B
(GBS) colonization and neonatal early-onset GBS disease (GBS-EOD), and to study the factors associated with the development of GBS-EOD in the ...offspring of pregnant women with GBS colonization.
A total of 16 384 pregnant women and 16 634 neonates delivered by them were enrolled prospectively who had medical records in Xiamen Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Capital Medical University, and Zhangzhou Zhengxing Hospital from May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020. Unified GBS screening time, culture method, and indication for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) were adopted in the three hospitals. The incidence rates of maternal GBS colonization and neonatal GBS-EOD were investigated. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with the development of GBS-EOD in the offspring of pregnant women with GBS colonization.
In these three hospitals, the positive rate of GBS culture among the pregnant women in late pregnancy was 11.29% (1 850/16 384), and the incidence rate of neonatal GBS-EOD was 0.96‰ (16/16 634). The admission rate of live infants born to the GBS-positive pregnant women was higher than that of those born to the GBS-negative ones (
<0.05). The live infants born to the GBS-positive pregnant women had a higher incidence rate of GBS-EOD than those born to the GBS-negative ones 6.38‰ (12/1 881) vs 0.27‰ (4/14 725),
<0.05. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that placental swabs positive for GBS and positive GBS in neonatal gastric juice at birth were independent predictive factors for the development of GBS-EOD (
<0.05), while adequate IAP was a protective factor (
<0.05) in the offspring of pregnant women with GBS colonization.
GBS colonization of pregnant women in late pregnancy has adverse effects on their offspring. It is important to determine prenatal GBS colonization status of pregnant women and administer with adequate IAP based on the indications of IAP to reduce the incidence of neonatal GBS-EOD.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell and insulin resistance. Liraglutide, which has many special anti-diabetes biological ...effects, is found to inhibit beta cell death and ameliorate endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs) induced by free fatty acid (FFA). Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) altered by FFA is also associated with the dysfunction or death of pancreatic beta cells.
We aim at proving that Liraglutide improves the survival of INS-1 cells by promoting autophagy.
Cell survival was assessed by CCK8 assay. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometric assay after Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Expression of LC3 was detected by western blotting. MDC staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used in the measurement of autophagy.
Apoptosis induced by PA in INS-1 cells was significantly resolved after Liraglutide treatment. Simultaneously, autophagy was enhanced with the treatment of PA and Liraglutide.
Liraglutide appears to protect INS-1 cells from apoptosis FFA-induced by promoting autophagy.
These findings provide a novel role for GLP-1 analogue in preventing or treating with T2D.
Background The value of artificial colloids in treating patients with liver disease is controversial. The effects of intravascular volume replacement regimens on liver function secondary to ...alteration of the postoperative inflammatory response are not known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different volume replacement regimens in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing hepatectomy to clarify whether albumin administration can be replaced by other volume replacement products.Methods Ninety consecutive hepatocellular carcinoma patients scheduled for hepatectomy were prospectively randomized to receive 20% human albumin （HA）, 6% hydroxyethyl starch （HES） or lactated Ringer＇s solution （LR） for postoperative volume replacement. Hemodynamic, liver function and inflammatory response parameters were recorded on postoperative days one, three, and five throughout the investigation period.Results Significantly less volume was required in the HA and the HES groups. Although patients in all groups had similar baseline values, the plasma osmolality was significantly higher in the HA and HES groups. Total bilirubin （TB）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） increased from baseline in all groups, and did not differ significantly between groups. C-reactive protein （CRP） was significantly lower in the HES group compared with the other groups.Conclusions In hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing hepatectomy, HA can be replaced by HES or LR in well selected patients. Hemodynamic stability, liver function, and postoperative clinical outcomes could be equivalently achieved in the HES group; also, HES may exert more favorable effects on the acute phase response. （Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-TRC-10000790）
Rnf220 is reported to regulate the patterning of the ventral spinal neural tube in mice. The brainstem has divergent connections with peripheral and central targets and contains unique internal ...neuronal groups, but the role of Rnf220 in the early development of the hindbrain has not been explored. In this study,
-Cre-mediated conditional knockout (
CKO) mice were used to examine if
is involved in the early morphogenesis of the hindbrain.
showed restricted expression in the ventral half of ventricular zone (VZ) of the hindbrain at embryonic day (E) 10.5, and as development progressed,
-expressing cells were also present in the mantle zone outside the VZ at E12.5. In
CKO embryos, alterations of progenitor domains in the ventral VZ were observed at E10.5. There were significant reductions of the p1 and p2 domains shown by expression of
, Olig2, and Nkx6.1, accompanied by a ventral expansion of the Dbx1
p0 domain and a dorsal expansion of the Nkx2.2
p3 domain. Different from the case in the spinal cord, the Olig2
pMN (progenitors of somatic motor neuron) domain shifted and expanded dorsally. Notably, the total range of the ventral VZ and the extent of the dorsal tube were unchanged. In addition, the post-mitotic cells derived from their corresponding progenitor domain, including oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and serotonergic neurons (5-HTNs), were also changed in the same trend as the progenitor domains do in the CKO embryos at E12.5. In summary, our data suggest similar functions of Rnf220 in the hindbrain dorsoventral (DV) patterning as in the spinal cord with different effects on the pMN domain. Our work also reveals novel roles of Rnf220 in the development of 5-HTNs and OPCs.
Regarding the difficulty of CHC diagnosis and potential adverse outcomes or misuse of clinical therapies, an increasing number of patients have undergone liver transplantation, transcatheter arterial ...chemoembolization (TACE) or other treatments.
To construct a convenient and reliable risk prediction model for identifying high-risk individuals with combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (CHC).
3369 patients who underwent surgical resection for liver cancer at Zhongshan Hospital were enrolled in this study. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the patients were collected at the time of tumor diagnosis. Variables (
<0.25 in the univariate analyses) were evaluated using backward stepwise method. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess model discrimination. Calibration was performed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and a calibration curve. Internal validation was performed using a bootstrapping approach.
Among the entire study population, 250 patients (7.42%) were pathologically defined with CHC. Age, HBcAb, red blood cells (RBC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), AFP, CEA and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) were included in the final risk prediction model (area under the curve, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.77). Bootstrapping validation presented negligible optimism. When the risk threshold of the prediction model was set at 20%, 2.73% of the patients diagnosed with liver cancer would be diagnosed definitely, which could identify CHC patients with 12.40% sensitivity, 98.04% specificity, and a positive predictive value of 33.70%.
Herein, the study established a risk prediction model which incorporates the clinical risk predictors and CT/MRI-presented PVTT status that could be adopted to facilitate the diagnosis of CHC patients preoperatively.
Abstract Background The relationship between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac structural or functional anomalies in pre-clinical, asymptomatic Asian populations has ...not been well identified. Methods From October 2005 to March 2008, we enrolled consecutive asymptomatic adults with preserved global left ventricular (LV) function (ejection fraction > 50%) who underwent annual cardiovascular health survey. Circulating NT-proBNP was used to identify echo-defined cardiac structural/functional anomalies and compared to current recommended cut-off from the European Society of Heart Failure. Results Among 976 eligible subjects, 371 (38%) had structural heart diseases. Echocardiography-based left atrial diameter (Coef: 71.2), diastolic dysfunction (Coef: 35.4), and presence of pulmonary hypertension (Coef: 83.1) or valvular heart disease (Coef: 56.1, all p < 0.05) of any form independently predicted circulating NT-ProBNP. NT-ProBNP cut-off values of 32.8 and 115.4 pg/ml for subjects aged ≤ and > 75 years, respectively, demonstrated areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.73–0.80) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.52–0.88) for predicting structural or functional anomaly. Conclusion We examined the feasibility of NT-ProBNP for identifying cardiac structural and functional anomaly in an asymptomatic ethnic Taiwanese population with a relatively lower cut-off value, indicating its potential role for pre-clinical screening of Asian patients.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
It was previously believed that patients with Ph-like ALL had poorer prognosis compared with other B-ALL subgroups due to resistance to conventional chemotherapy and lack of targeted drugs. CAR-T ...therapy has been successfully applied in the treatment of relapsed and refractory B-ALL. Currently, there are few data on whether CAR-T therapy can alter the outcome of Ph-like ALL. Here we included 17 Ph-like, 23 Ph+ and 51 other B-ALL patients, who received autologous CAR T-cell therapy and subsequently allogenic stem cell transplantation. Patients in the Ph-like group and B-ALL-others group were younger that those in the Ph+ group (P=0.001). Ph-like and Ph+ ALL patients showed higher white blood cell counts at diagnosis (P=0.025). The percentage of patients with active disease before receiving CAR T-cells infusion was 64.7%, 39.1% and 62.7% in the Ph-like, Ph+ and B-ALL-others groups. The response rates to CAR-T therapy were 94.1% (16/17), 95.6% (22/23) and 98.0% (50/51) in the Ph-like, Ph+ and B-ALL-others groups. Measurable residual disease negative CR was achieved in 64.7% (11/17), 60.9% (14/23) and 54.9% (28/51) in the Ph-like, Ph+ and B-ALL-others groups, respectively. The estimated rates of 3-year overall survival (65.9%±16.5%, 59.7%±10.5% and 61.6%±7.3%, P=0.758) and 3-year relapse-free survival (59.8%±14.8%, 63.1%±10.5% and 56.3%±7.1%, P=0.764) were comparable among the Ph-like, Ph+ and B-ALL-others groups. Estimated 3-year cumulative relapse rate was 7.8%±0.6%, 23.4%±0.9% and 29.0%±0.4% (P=0.241). Our findings suggest that CART followed by allo-HSCT results in a comparable prognosis in Ph-like ALL and other high-risk B-ALL.Trial registration ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT03275493, Registered on September 7, 2017, prospectively registered and NCT03614858, Registered on August 3, 2018, prospectively registered.
Recent studies have shown that the greenness index derived from digital camera imagery has high spatial and temporal resolution. These findings indicate that it can not only provide a reasonable ...characterization of canopy seasonal variation but also make it possible to optimize ecological models. To examine this possibility, we evaluated the application of digital camera imagery for monitoring winter wheat phenology and modeling gross primary production (GPP).
By combining the data for the green cover fraction and for GPP, we first compared 2 different indices (the ratio greenness index (green-to-red ratio, G/R) and the relative greenness index (green to sum value, G%)) extracted from digital images obtained repeatedly over time and confirmed that G/R was best suited for tracking canopy status. Second, the key phenological stages were estimated using a time series of G/R values. The mean difference between the observed phenological dates and the dates determined from field data was 3.3days in 2011 and 4days in 2012, suggesting that digital camera imagery can provide high-quality ground phenological data.
Furthermore, we attempted to use the data (greenness index and meteorological data in 2011) to optimize a light use efficiency (LUE) model and to use the optimal parameters to simulate the daily GPP in 2012. A high correlation (R2=0.90) was found between the values of LUE-based GPP and eddy covariance (EC) tower-based GPP, showing that the greenness index and meteorological data can be used to predict the daily GPP. This finding provides a new method for interpolating GPP data and an approach to the estimation of the temporal and spatial distributions of photosynthetic productivity.
In this study, we expanded the potential use of the greenness index derived from digital camera imagery by combining it with the LUE model in an analysis of well-managed cropland. The successful application of digital camera imagery will improve our knowledge of ecosystem processes at the temporal and spatial levels.
•We compared 2 different indices (G/R and G%) and confirmed that G/R was best suited for tracking canopy status.•G/R provides high-quality key phenological stages data in well-managed cropland.•G/R could reflect the winter wheat physiological states and model daily GPP.•There are several limitations and uncertainties to improve the accuracy of phonological monitoring and daily GPP modeling.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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