The essence of difference between hemostasis and thrombosis is that the clotting reaction is a highly fine-tuned process. Vascular protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) represents a critical mechanism ...regulating the functions of hemostatic proteins. Herein we show that histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is a substrate of PDI. Reduction of HRG by PDI enhances the procoagulant and anticoagulant activities of HRG by neutralization of endothelial heparan sulfate (HS) and inhibition of factor XII (FXIIa) activity, respectively. Murine HRG deficiency (Hrg
) leads to delayed onset but enhanced formation of thrombus compared to WT. However, in the combined FXII deficiency (F12
) and HRG deficiency (by siRNA or Hrg
), there is further thrombosis reduction compared to F12
alone, confirming HRG's procoagulant activity independent of FXIIa. Mutation of target disulfides of PDI leads to a gain-of-function mutant of HRG that promotes its activities during coagulation. Thus, PDI-HRG pathway fine-tunes thrombosis by promoting its rapid initiation via neutralization of HS and preventing excessive propagation via inhibition of FXIIa.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between stemness markers (CD44 and CD133) and clinical pathological features, and to further explore the prognostic value of co-expression ...of CD44 & CD133 in endometrial cancer (EC).
Clinical data of stage I-III EC patients who underwent initial surgical treatment at two large tertiary medical centers from 2015 to 2020 were retrospectively collected. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to show the consistency of the expression between CD44 and CD133. The correlation between co-expression of CD44 & CD133 and prognosis of EC patients was explored using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Then, the prognosis models for early-stage (stage I-II) EC patients were constructed. Finally, stratified analysis was performed for EC patients in high-intermediate-risk and high-risk groups, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the survival differences between patients with and without adjuvant therapy in different co-expression states (low expression, mixed expression, high expression) of CD44 & CD133.
A total of 1168 EC patients were included in this study. The consistency of the expression between CD44 and CD133 was 70.5%, the kappa coefficient was 0.384. High expression of CD44 & CD133 was associated with early FIGO stage (P=0.017), superficial myometrial invasion (P=0.017), and negative lymphatic vessel space invasion (P=0.017). Cox regression analysis showed that the co-expression of CD44 & CD133 was significantly correlated with the prognosis of early-stage (stage I-II) patients (P=0.001 for recurrence and P=0.005 for death). Based on this, the nomogram models were successfully constructed to predict the prognosis of early-stage EC patients. Meanwhile, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with adjuvant therapy had a better overall prognosis than those without adjuvant therapy in high-intermediate-risk and high-risk groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference in survival between patients with and without adjuvant therapy in high expression of CD44 & CD133 group (P=0.681 for recurrence, P=0.621 for death).
High expression of CD44 & CD133 was closely related to the adverse prognosis of early-stage EC patients. Meanwhile, patients with high expression of CD44 & CD133 may not be able to achieve significant survival benefits from adjuvant therapy.
The biophysical properties of the meridian system, an important concept of traditional Chinese medicine, include low impedance, resounding voice, and high acoustic conductance, all of which are ...helpful for elucidating the essence of meridians.
To visualize the human pericardium meridian (PC) based on the resounding voice property of meridians.
Visualization of the PC was performed by injection of fluorescein sodium at the PC6 acupoint (Neiguan) on the PC. Before injection, percussion active points (PAPs) were identified by the virtue of their resounding voice properties. After injection, the trajectories of fluorescein migration throughout the body surface were recorded and analyzed. The distribution of fluorescein in the tissue was further studied using cross-sections of hind limbs of mini-pigs, in which fluorescein was injected into low impedance points.
The identified PAP lines were colocalized with PC. Following intradermal fluorescein injection, 1-3 fluorescent lines, which were unrelated to the arm veins, were observed in 7 of 10 participants; 85.4% of fluorescent signals were coincident with PAPs and their intensity had a negative correlation with the body mass index (r = -0.56,
= 0.045). Cross-sections showed a Y-shaped fluorescence pattern where the two migration lines on the surface were the two vertices of the "Y."
The trajectories of fluorescein in the body are suggestive of the anatomical structure of meridians. The PC is related to the deep horizontal interstitial channels that connect to the body surface through vertical interstitial spaces. These biophysical properties and techniques for meridian visualization are valuable for revealing the anatomical structure of meridians.
Chicken is widely favored by consumers because of some unique features. The leg muscles occupy an important position in the market. However, the specific mechanism for regulating muscle growth speed ...is not clear. In this experiment, we used Jinghai yellow chickens with different body weights at 300 days as research subjects. The chickens were divided into fast- and slow-growing groups, and we collected leg muscles after slaughtering for use in RNA-seq. After comparing the two groups, 87 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (fold change ≥ 2 and FDR < 0.05). The fast-growing group had 42 up-regulated genes and 45 down-regulated genes among these DEGs compared to the slow-growing group. Six items were significantly enriched in the biological process: embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching, chordate embryonic development, embryonic skeletal system development, and embryo development as well as responses to ketones and the sulfur compound biosynthetic process. Two significantly enriched pathways were found in the KEGG pathway analysis (P-value < 0.05): the insulin signaling pathway and the adipocytokine signaling pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of chicken growth and for improving the production of Jinghai yellow chicken.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate adipogenesis and other processes associated with metabolic tissue development and function. However, little is known about the function and profile of lncRNAs ...during preadipocyte differentiation in the chicken (
). Herein, lncRNA and mRNA expression in preadipocytes at different stages of differentiation were analyzed using RNA sequencing. A total of 1,300,074,528 clean reads and 27,023 novel lncRNAs were obtained from 12 samples. The number of genes (1336 lncRNAs and 1759 mRNAs; 3095 in total) differentially expressed across various stages declined as differentiation progressed. Differentially expressed genes were found to be involved in several pathways related to preadipocyte differentiation that have been extensively studied, including glycerolipid metabolism, and the mammalian target of rapamycin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. To our knowledge, some pathways are being reported for the first time, including the propanoate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Furthermore, 3095 differentially expressed genes were clustered into eight clusters, and their expression patterns were determined through K-means clustering. Genes involved in the K2 cluster likely play important roles in preadipocyte differentiation. Six stage-specific modules related to A0 (day 0), A2 (day 2), and A6 (day 6) stages were identified, using weighted coexpression network analysis. Nine central, highly connected .genes in stage-specific modules were subsequently identified, including
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, and
This study provides a valuable resource for further study of chicken lncRNA and facilitates a better understanding of preadipocyte differentiation in the chicken.
The composite hydrogel performs integrated PTT for osteogenesis and bacterial eradication. With NIR stimulation, precisely controlled-release of BMP-2 and tannin by the hydrophobic phenomenon of ...volume contraction along with local heating helps the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and slow release of natural component O-HACC in combination with hyperthermia exhibits excellent antibacterial efficiency by relative low temperature to avoid potential unexpected damage.
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•A NIR-responsive and multi-functional hydrogel system packaged with bioactive factors was fabricated.•Programmable NIR irradiation performed anti-microbial, anti-oxidative and pro-osteogenic functions respectively.•Administration of controllable photothermal strategy achieved a synergistic therapeutic effect on bone regeneration.
Progress toward developing next-generation biomaterials applied in complex bone defect is expected to effectively integrate osteogenic and anti-bacteria capability. However, current biomaterials often achieve the two functions separately. Inspired by photothermal effect, exogenous light-induced thermal variations can efficiently facilitate bone regeneration and bacteria eradication. Here, a bioactive hydrogel BMP-2@PNH-TA with simultaneously osteogenic and anti-bacterial capacities is presented, which is based on the near infrared (NIR) induced photothermal effect to perform integrated photothermal therapy (PTT). In detail, photothermal effect and photothermal-controlled release of osteogenic and anti-bacterial factors through sponge-like effect could exert integrated influence on bone regeneration under complex situation. The composite hydrogel can mediate pro-osteogenesis under mild temperature and controlled release of BMP-2 and tannin in response to NIR stimulation with low power, while efficiently eradicate bacteria via controlled release of O-HACC and thermal effect with high power. The customized PTT strategy significantly shortened the duration time of bone regeneration up to almost 50% in rat cranial bone defect. It is anticipated that the concept of integrated PTT for bone regeneration will cast new insights into developing high-performance therapeutic strategy with combined biological functions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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Wax precipitation leads to destructive harms in the exploitation and transportation of petroleum. Solvent treatments can remove paraffin wax easily but the separation of solvent ...relying on distillation is admitted inefficient. Aiming at enhancing the separation and recovery performance of paraffin wax, CO2-responsive emulsion (SHS/W emulsion) based on switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHS) is adopted. Since the paraffin wax is dissolved, emulsified, and dispersed by SHS/W emulsion, SHS/W emulsion exhibits better removal performance than SHS. The paraffin wax is recovered effectively upon introducing CO2, which attributes to the transformation of SHS from hydrophobic to hydrophilic state. Compared with the SHS system, the recovery of paraffin wax is improved obviously by introducing surfactant Span80. Owing to the deprotonation of SHS by bubbling N2 and heating, 77.6% SHS is recycled after recovering paraffin wax. Here, the recycled SHS can be used to realize the removal of paraffin wax again. Thus, it is a promising and alternative strategy for realizing the sustainable and rapid removal of paraffin wax in the petroleum industry.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract Hyperglycemia is prevalent and closely associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This study aimed to investigate the effects of hyperglycemia on the outcomes of PTB treatment. This study ...comprised 791 patients with PTB in total. Patients with fasting plasma glucose levels of ≥ 6.1 mmol/L were diagnosed with hyperglycemia. Anthropometric and baseline demographic data were also collected. The treatment response was assessed based on clinical symptoms (sputum production, cough, chest pain, fever, hemoptysis, night sweats, loss of appetite, and fatigue), sputum smear, chest computed tomography (CT), and adverse gastrointestinal responses (vomiting, nausea, abdominal distension, diarrhea, and constipation). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to evaluate these relationships. Hyperglycemia affected 266 (33.6%) of the 791 patients with PTB. In GEE analyses, patients with hyperglycemia exhibited a greater incidence of elevated tuberculosis (TB) scores (odds ratio (OR) 1.569; 95% CI 1.040–2.369), cough (OR 1.332; 95% CI 1.050–1.690), and night sweats (OR 1.694; 95% CI 1.288–2.335). Hyperglycemia was linked with a higher risk of positive sputum smears (OR 1.941; 95% CI 1.382–2.727). During therapy, hyperglycemia was also associated with an increased incidence of vomiting (OR 2.738; 95% CI 1.041–7.198), abdominal distension (OR 2.230; 95% CI 1.193–4.171), and constipation (OR 2.372; 95% CI 1.442–3.902). However, the CT results indicated that hyperglycemia did not affect pulmonary lesions in patients with TB. Patients with TB and hyperglycemia are at a higher risk of severe clinical manifestations, positive sputum smears, and adverse gastrointestinal effects and, therefore, the special situation of hyperglycemic patients should be considered in the prevention and treatment of TB.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In household applications, the power router is a cost‐effective device for AC/DC power conversion. To make it compatible with various types of DC loads without introducing extra power conversion ...stages, it is important that the power router can work in an extremely wide DC voltage range. However, this poses great challenges for the controller design. To address this concern, a double mode control scheme is proposed. The high frequency resonant DC/DC converter is employed together with a DC/AC converter to form the power router. Its circuit features on voltage gain and active power ratio are presented to guide the accurate controller design. Mode I is designed to ensure the high efficiency DC/DC conversion while the desired output DC voltage of power router is tracked by a DC/AC converter. For mode II, the phase shift scheme is triggered to eliminate the loss induced by the reactive power, and the desired output DC voltage is adjusted by DC/DC converter. Mode I and II cooperate to guarantee the wide DC voltage range to satisfy different load requirements. The experimental validation in a lab‐scale power router prototype shows that the proposed scheme not only provides extremely wide voltage range, but also guarantees high efficiency by effectively tracking the resonant frequency.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Skeletal muscle growth and development from embryo to adult consists of a series of carefully regulated changes in gene expression. This study aimed to identify candidate genes involved in Haiyang ...Yellow Chickens' growth and to understand the regulatory role of the key gene
(arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) in myoblast proliferation and differentiation. In order to search the key candidate genes in the process of muscle growth and development, RNA sequencing was used to compare the transcriptomes of chicken muscle tissues at four developmental stages and to analyze the effects of
gene interference and overexpression on myoblast proliferation and differentiation at the cellular level. The results showed that 5743 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|fold change| ≥ 2; FDR ≤ 0.05) were detected by pairwise comparison in male chickens. Functional analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in the processes of cell proliferation, growth, and developmental process. Many of the DEGs, such as
(Myocardin),
(Musculoskeletal Embryonic Nuclear Protein 1),
(
enin),
(
enic differentiation 1),
(fibroblast growth factor 8),
(fibroblast growth factor 9), and
(insulin-like growth factor-1), were related to chicken growth and development. KEGG pathway (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway) analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in two pathways related to growth and development: ECM-receptor interaction (Extracellular Matrix) and MAPK signaling pathway (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase). With the extension of differentiation time, the expression of the
gene showed an increasing trend, and it was found that interference with the
gene could inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and that overexpression of the
gene could promote the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. This study identified a range of genes and several pathways that may be involved in regulating early growth, and it can provide theoretical research for understanding the regulation mechanism of muscle growth and development of Haiyang Yellow Chickens.
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