Let
D
be a strong balanced bipartite digraph on 2
a
vertices. For
x
,
y
,
z
∈
V
(
D
)
, if
x
→
z
and
y
→
z
, then we call the pair
{
x
,
y
}
dominating; if
z
→
x
and
z
→
y
, then we call the pair
{
x
...,
y
}
dominated. In 2017, Adamus Graphs and Combinatorics, 33(2017) 43–51 proved that if
d
(
x
)
+
d
(
y
)
≥
3
a
whenever
{
x
,
y
}
is a dominating or dominated pair, then
D
is Hamiltonian. In 2021, Adamus Discrete Mathematics, 344(3) (2021) 112240 proved that if only every dominating pair of vertices
{
x
,
y
}
in
D
satisfies
d
(
x
)
+
d
(
y
)
≥
3
a
+
1
, then
D
is Hamiltonian. In this paper, we show that the same conclusion is reached if we replace
3
a
+
1
with 3
a
in the above condition. The lower bound for 3
a
is sharp.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
•Natural and anthropogenic uranium contaminations cause latent risks to public health.•We reviewed the major health risks upon natural uranium exposure.•Chemotoxicity of natural uranium is ...predominant for chronic exposure at the environmental low doses.•Recent advances in toxicological mechanisms involved in the chemotoxicity of uranium are comprehensively presented.
Uranium contamination is a global health concern. Regarding natural or anthropogenic uranium contamination, the major sources of concern are groundwater, mining, phosphate fertilizers, nuclear facilities, and military activities. Many epidemiological and laboratory studies have demonstrated that environmental and occupational uranium exposure can induce multifarious health problems. Uranium exposure may cause health risks because of its chemotoxicity and radiotoxicity in natural or anthropogenic scenarios: the former is generally thought to play a more significant role with regard to the natural uranium exposure, and the latter is more relevant to enriched uranium exposure. The understanding of the health risks and underlying toxicological mechanisms of uranium remains at a preliminary stage, and many controversial findings require further research. In order to present state-of-the-art status in this field, this review will primarily focus on the chemotoxicity of uranium, rather than its radiotoxicity, as well as the involved toxicological mechanisms. First, the natural or anthropogenic uranium contamination scenarios will be briefly summarized. Second, the health risks upon natural uranium exposure, for example, nephrotoxicity, bone toxicity, reproductive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and pulmonary toxicity, will be discussed based on the reported epidemiological cases and laboratory studies. Third, the recent advances regarding the toxicological mechanisms of uranium-induced chemotoxicity will be highlighted, including oxidative stress, genetic damage, protein impairment, inflammation, and metabolic disorder. Finally, the gaps and challenges in the knowledge of uranium-induced chemotoxicity and underlying mechanisms will be discussed.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Let
be an integer with
≥ 2. A digraph is
-quasi-transitive, if for any path
...
of length
,
and
are adjacent. Let
be a strong
-quasi-transitive digraph with even
≥ 4 and diameter at least
+2. It has ...been shown that
has a Hamiltonian path. However, the Hamiltonian cycle problem in
is still open. In this paper, we shall show that
may contain no Hamiltonian cycle with
≥ 6 and give the sufficient condition for
to be Hamiltonian.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Here we report a breakthrough in the fabrication of a long lifetime transmon qubit. We use tantalum films as the base superconductor. By using a dry etching process, we obtained transmon ...qubits with a best
T
1
lifetime of 503 μs. As a comparison, we also fabricated transmon qubits with other popular materials, including niobium and aluminum, under the same design and fabrication processes. After characterizing their coherence properties, we found that qubits prepared with tantalum films have the best performance. Since the dry etching process is stable and highly anisotropic, it is much more suitable for fabricating complex scalable quantum circuits, when compared to wet etching. As a result, the current breakthrough indicates that the dry etching process of tantalum film is a promising approach to fabricate medium- or large-scale superconducting quantum circuits with a much longer lifetime, meeting the requirements for building practical quantum computers.
In aquatic environments, a large number of ecological macromolecules (e.g., natural organic matter (NOM), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and proteins) can adsorb onto the surface of ...engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to form a unique environmental corona. The presence of environmental corona as an eco–nano interface can significantly alter the bioavailability, biocompatibility, and toxicity of pristine ENMs to aquatic organisms. However, as an emerging field, research on the impact of the environmental corona on the fate and behavior of ENMs in aquatic environments is still in its infancy. To promote a deeper understanding of its importance in driving or moderating ENM toxicity, this study systemically recapitulates the literature of representative types of macromolecules that are adsorbed onto ENMs; these constitute the environmental corona, including NOM, EPS, proteins, and surfactants. Next, the ecotoxicological effects of environmental corona‐coated ENMs on representative aquatic organisms at different trophic levels are discussed in comparison to pristine ENMs, based on the reported studies. According to this analysis, molecular mechanisms triggered by pristine and environmental corona‐coated ENMs are compared, including membrane adhesion, membrane damage, cellular internalization, oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. Finally, current knowledge gaps and challenges in this field are discussed from the ecotoxicology perspective.
The formation of environmental coronas (e.g., natural organic matter (NOM), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), protein, and surfactant) on the surface of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) will alter their inherent physicochemical properties and environmental behaviors in aquatic environments. Consequently, environmental coronas can mediate the interactions between ENMs and aquatic organisms at different trophic levels, and influence their ecotoxicological effects via manifold mechanisms.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the post-transcriptional regulation of NLRP3 expression by miRNA in synovial macrophages is still ...not well understood. The aim of the study is to elucidate the mechanisms of RA with the focus on miRNAs mediated post-transcriptional regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Here, we used NLRP3-deficient mice (NLRP3
) to cross with TNFα-transgenic mice (TNF
) to generate NLRP3
/TNF
mice, and compared their joint phenotypes with those of their TNF
and wild-type (WT) littermates at 5 months of age. In comparison to WT mice, articular bone volume and cartilage area are decreased, whereas inflammed area, eroded surface, ALP+ osteoblast number, TRAP+ osteoclast number, and the areas of RelA+F4/80+, Caspase-1+F4/80+, IL-1β+F4/80+ synoviocytes are increased in the TNF
mice. Knockout of NLRP3 ameliorates joint inflammation and bone damage in TNF
mice. Further, in TNFα-primed BMDMs, RelA positively regulates NLRP3 expression, but negatively regulates miR-30a. Additionally, miR-30a negatively mediates NLRP3 expression by directly binding to its 3' UTR, suggesting a miR-30a-mediated feedforward loop acting on NLRP3. Finally, intra-articular injection of AAV-miR-30a inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduces joint inflammation, and attenuates bone damage in TNF
mice. Thus, RelA/miR-30a/NLRP3 signal axis is involved in RA through regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome in macrophages.
Acute strenuous exercise and emotional changes are closely related to important aspects of human health. The superoxide anion (O
˙
), as one of the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS), is ...intimately associated with major diseases. However, there is no relevant
research for directly indicating the link between O
˙
level and acute physical exercise or emotional changes. Hence, we constructed three fluorescent probes for the detection of O
˙
, including a Te-containing molecular probe and Se- and Te-containing CDs, and evaluated their properties such as selectivity, sensitivity, instantaneity and dynamic response to O
˙
. Through performance comparisons, we found that the Te-containing CDs exhibited reversibility, instantaneity and the highest sensitivity (LOD ∼ 8.0 pM), under guarantees of specific recognition of O
˙
, which ensure they are suitable for tracing native level changes in O
˙
within living systems. The probe was applied for monitoring the levels of O
˙
in mice under the state of intense exercise, irritability and mild depression, which led to the levels of O
˙
significantly increasing compared to the normal condition. Furthermore, we used the Te-containing CDs for real-time and dynamic imaging of O
˙
fluxes in the brain of mild depression mice and witnessed a positive correlation between O
˙
levels and depression. This work provides a new strategy for studying the relationship between acute exercise or emotional changes and diseases at the level of ROS.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
