Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are widely used in information processing tasks. The quality of the random numbers obtained from QRNGs relies on the accurate characterization of the physical ...implementations. In practice, realistic devices are difficult to characterize, resulting in incorrect entropy estimations of the output random numbers. Recently, a novel quantum random number generation (QRNG) scheme, referred to as source-independent QRNG (SIQRNG), has attracted a lot of interest. The scheme can provide certified randomness by using untrusted and uncharacterized sources, under the assumption that the measurement devices are trusted. However, realistic devices inevitably feature imperfections. Here, we show that the output randomness of SIQRNG is compromised in the presence of detection imperfection , by constructing an attack based on a time-domain detection efficiency mismatch between two practical detectors. More importantly, we provide an unconditional security proof of SIQRNG that takes detection efficiency mismatch into account. In addition, we provide a parameter optimization method to effectively improve the final random number generation rate. Our work demonstrates that SIQRNG is highly practical and that randomness can be extracted even in the presence of a detection efficiency mismatch.
Through information sharing, vehicles can know the surrounding road condition information timely in Vehicular Adhoc Networks. To ensure the validity of these messages and the security of vehicles, ...the message authentication, privacy-preserving, and delay problems are three important issues. Although many conditional privacy-preserving authentication schemes have been proposed to ensure secure communication, there still exist some imperfections such as frequent interactions or unlinkability. From this, our paper proposes a novel hierarchical blockchain-assisted authentication scheme to solve these existing issues comprehensively. First, unlinkability is achieved by a dynamic key derivation algorithm. Second, the proposed scheme can reduce correlation processing delay, queuing delay, and deployment costs by adopting hierarchical Vehicle Fog Computing. Third, cross-region authentication is achieved by taking advantage of the properties of blockchain. In addition, we demonstrate our scheme can fulfill the security criteria of the Vehicular Adhoc Network by security analysis. Furthermore, the simulations are carried out to show its availability by using JAVA and NS-3. The findings reveal that the suggested method outperforms earlier schemes in terms of computation cost and communication cost. All in all, making the authentication scheme more efficient and concise is the focus of our future research.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
For quantum sensing based on nitrogen-vacancies (NV) ensembles, microwave antennas can couple the microwave field to the NV center, which leads it to becoming the core of spin manipulation and can ...directly affect the sensitivity of quantum sensing. The double split-ring resonator is a widely used microwave device for NV ensembles due to the advantages of high radiation efficiency and uniform magnetic field in millimeter-scale areas. But the bandwidth (30 MHz) is quite narrow which limits the application in quantum sensing with NV ensembles. Here, we experimentally achieve continuous tuning of the resonant frequency of the double split-ring resonator by changing the copper sheet position on the edge of the outer ring. The frequency tuning range can reach 80 MHz, up to 2-3 times the bandwidth, which can cover the transition of the electron spin under different magnetic field conditions. The performance of the tunable antenna in the quantum operation of NV centers is verified by optically detected magnetic resonance and Rabi oscillation. This tunable antenna is promising in the fabrication of integrated and arrayed quantum sensors based on NV ensembles.
•Cusp catastrophe model can describe the dynamic changing process of railway system safety.•A new mathematical framework for the system risk of railway system is constructed.•Some ideas on the risk ...field of railway system safety are proposed.
Catastrophe theory can describe a continuous process that is undergoing abrupt changes. A dynamic process can be considered a cusp catastrophe if it has the following five qualities: bimodality, sudden transitions, hysteresis, inaccessibility, and divergence. In this paper, the cusp catastrophe model is applied to describe the dynamic changing process of railway system safety. This dynamic process is also proved to have the five qualities of a cusp catastrophe. With the use of the cusp catastrophe model, a framework for the system risk of railway systems is constructed, and some ideas on the risk field of railway system safety are presented. On the basis of the framework and ideas, the dynamic changes in the system risk in a railway accident evolution process can be described in a novel approach. The concept of system risk in railway system safety is also discussed in three aspects. We hope that the theoretical description of and discussion on system risk could facilitate a profound analysis of railway system safety.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
•A new topic on multi-stakeholder sustainable value view of SMSs is put forward.•A new SMSs-SVN is proposed to illustrate sustainable relationship between multi-stakeholder and SMSs.•Integrated fuzzy ...Kano, DSM and simple graph theory is applied to get SMSs-R list.•Showed the comprehensive method’s feasibility, accuracy and potentials with an Air Conditioning Compressor-SMSs.
Sustainable development is of great significance to all Smart Manufacturing Systems (SMSs). Complex multi-stakeholder requirements influence the design and implementation of SMSs. Capturing multi-stakeholder requirements of SMSs are very important to manufacturer for construction or business process reengineering (BPR) phase of SMSs. However, there is a lack of the research on SMSs requirements (SMSs-R) list from the sustainable value view of multi-stakeholder and a lack of illustrating the complex relationship between SMSs and multi-stakeholder. Therefore, this study provided a systematic method to capture the SMSs-R list and explain the complex relationship between the SMSs and their multi-stakeholder. The contribution of this research study offers the comprehensive approach to capture SMSs-R based on stakeholder salience model and stakeholder value network. Secondly, the quantification analysis of SMS-R is proposed to determine the urgency and importance through the comprehensive fuzzy Kano model. Thirdly, SMSs-R list is obtained through the systematic evaluation methods, including graph theory, dependency relationship matrix, and network statistical. Finally, a case study in Chinese company is used to check the feasibility of the proposed approach. The results show that our method can provide a visual and effective analysis for traditional manufacturing enterprises, and improve the operability and accuracy of SMSs-R list in the preliminary design or BPR stage.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A series of bio-based comb-like polymers with various lengths of alkyl chains were synthesized through combining the ring-opening copolymerization of sustainable CO2 with bio-renewable castor ...oil-derived epoxides and the S-alkylated technique of the thiol–ene click reaction. The structure, thermal property, side-chain crystallization, and phase transition behavior of comb-like polymers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The chain packing manner and phase transformation of side-chain crystallites for the pendent side alkyl chains on the CO2-based copolymer backbone exhibit a dependence on side-chain length, showing an increased phase-transition temperature (T m) and phase-change enthalpy (ΔH m) from −15.0 to 70.3 °C and from 34.1 to 108.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Phase transition of the side-chain crystallites, varying from a regular trans conformation to a trans disordered conformation and then to a gauche conformation, occurs during the phase transition process. This work provides a promising strategy to achieve crystallized CO2-based copolymers and affords a facile approach to develop the structuralized polymeric materials from the molecular regulation aspect.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
•The technical framework of SPSs is proposed to illustrate autonomous SPSs involving dynamic network relationships.•An efficient and novel self-decision mechanism is proposed to choose the optimal ...production scheme under the dynamic uncertainty.•The self-decision algorithms for SPSs are based on improved uncertainty theory, and user-CFA methods to recommend optimal production schemes to users.
Smart production systems (SPSs) are complex smart network systems composed of multiple smart objects that require a self-decision-making mechanism for quick and accurate execution and decision making of dynamic smart production tasks. However, there is currently no uniform self-decision mechanism to handle the dynamic uncertainty of multi-smart object behaviors and ensure SPSs stability. To address this problem, this paper proposes a comprehensive self-decision method for SPSs that considers users’ preferences. A common technological framework for SPSs, a self-decision feature tree, and a self-decision mechanism with three modules are proposed in this paper to define conditions of dynamic smart production scheme (DSPs), optimize DSPs, and recommend DSPs. Autonomic computing methods and improved uncertainty theory are used to achieve real-time optimization and satisfy multi-objective performance requirements. Additionally, a collaborative filtering algorithm integrated with basic user preferences (user-CFA) is proposed to enable autonomous scheme recommendations. Finally, the effectiveness and autonomous operation of self-decision method is demonstrated through a case study on multi-Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), where we compare it with conventional methods. The results confirm the advantages of our proposed self-decision method, which contributes to the development and improvement of SPSs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•A risk tensor field function with dynamic and emergent properties of system safety.•ART-SC model using limited monitoring data to assess accident risk dynamically.•SCR-Gaussian DI method using an ...indicative feature of emergent phenomena of safety to predict high accident risk in real-time.•A case study of a railway system for validation.
The safety-cusp catastrophe model can describe both the continuous changing process of system safety and the emergent property of accidents. However, the model framework needs to be developed in data fusion to realize real-time accident risk prediction. In this paper, based on the tensor analysis, an accident risk tensor field is derived from the safety-cusp catastrophe model. To dynamically assess the railway accident risk, an accident risk tensor-specific covariant (ART-SC) model is constructed based on the accident risk tensor field, where the accident risk of railway systems is synchronously measured by using the concept of specific covariant (SC) risk. By combining the ART-SC model with the mixture density networks (MDN), the analysis results of the actual monitoring data of a railway system show that the Gaussian disturbance is related to the high accident risk. Accordingly, a specific covariant risk-Gaussian disturbance identification (SCR-Gaussian DI) method is proposed to realize the real-time prediction of the high accident risk of railway systems. The analysis results based on the real-world monitoring data prove that the ART-SC model is reasonable, and the SCR-Gaussian DI method can accurately predict the high accident risk faced by the railway system in the train running process in real time.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Smart meters with Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) technology is explored as a means of reducing energy consumption and minimizing emissions in residential settings. Various NILM disaggregation ...algorithms have been proposed, but their effectiveness varies across different scenarios. To address this issue, a method called Data-driven Recommendation Model (DRM) based on meta-learning is proposed in this paper. DRM recommends the appropriate algorithms for various problems using the existing knowledge repository. Besides, a novel meta-feature extractor named Meta-Learning Encoder-Decoder is designed to efficiently process the deep meta-features from a more significant number of training samples, which can be implemented to various meta-learners. Experimental results indicate that the proposed DRM exhibits strong learning and generalization capabilities in terms of the efficiency of load disaggregation for datasets with different characteristics.
We present a wideband balun-based microwave device for quantum manipulation of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. The device employs a balun with multi-section Chebyshev impedance transformer to ...realize the conversion from the unbalanced feed line to the balanced feed line and ensures impedance matching. A bandwidth of 2.2 GHz with the maximum resonance frequency up to 4.4 GHz has been realized, which is important for multi-qubit quantum control of the nitrogen-vacancy centers. We also carry out optically detected magnetic resonance to observe Rabi oscillations and calibrate the strength of the microwave magnetic field generated by the microwave device. With an input power of 0.5 W, the Rabi frequencies can reach 6.17 MHz and 6.06 MHz for resonant microwave at 1.40 GHz and 4.34 GHz, respectively. Combining with large bandwidth and excellent magnetic field homogeneity, the device can be applied in solid-state quantum information processing.
