Conventional prostate cancer treatment strategies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cannot effectively eradicate prostate cancer, especially castration resistance prostate cancer. Herein, we ...developed a novel nanotherapy platform that consists of synergic photothermal and photodynamic therapy
via
the unique properties of photothermal conversion by gold nanorods and free radicals generation by encapsulated initiators (AIPH). Mesoporous silica was employed as a coating material, and the bombesin peptide was conjugated onto the mesoporous silica coating layer as the targeting moiety to prostate cancer
via
its overexpressed gastrin-releasing peptide receptors. An
in vitro
study with the castration resistance prostate cancer cell exhibited a significant photothermal therapeutic effect as well as enhanced thermodynamic therapy
via
generating free radicals. P-p38 and p-JNK proteins, as key proteins involved in the cells' stress responses, were found to be upregulated by the synergetic treatment. The
in vivo
study demonstrated that a significant eradication of prostate tumour could be achieved by the nanoparticle therapeutic platform with a good biocompatibility profile. This work pioneers a novel approach for high-efficient castration resistance prostate cancer treatment by combining photothermal, thermodynamic, and site-specific drug delivery directed by an integrated nanoparticle system.
The integration of photothermal/thermodynamic therapy with bombesin as the targeting moiety achieves an eradication of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
A novel composite photocatalyst for photocatalytic decomposition of water for hydrogen evolution was successfully synthesized by in-situ growth of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped coal-based carbon ...quantum dots (NSCQDs) nanoparticles on the surface of sheet cobalt-based metal-organic framework (Co-MOF) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, CN). The structure and properties of the obtained catalysts were systematically analyzed. NSCQDs effectively broaden the absorption of Co-MOF and CN in the visible region. The new composite photocatalyst has high hydrogen production activity and the hydrogen production rate reaches 6254 μmol/(g·h) at pH = 9. At the same time, NSCQDs synergy Co-MOF/CN composites have good stability. After four cycles of hydrogen production, the performance remains relatively stable. The transient photocurrent response and Nyquist plot experimental results further demonstrate the improvement of carrier separation efficiency in composite catalysts. The semiconductor type (n-type semiconductor) of the single-phase catalyst was determined by the Mott–Schottky test, and the band structure was analyzed. The conductive and valence bands of CN are −0.99 and 1.72 eV, respectively, and the conduction and valence bands of Co-MOF are −1.85 and 1.33 eV, respectively. The mechanism of the photocatalytic reaction can be inferred, that is, Z-type heterojunction is formed between CN and Co-MOF, and NSCQDs was used as cocatalyst.
NSCQDs improve charge transfer and increase carrier separation efficiency. NSCQDs significantly enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of CN/Co-MOF Z-type heterojunction materials. Display omitted
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The potassium-ion battery (PIB) is the most promising alternative to a lithium-ion battery (LIB). Exploitation of a suitable electrode material is crucial to promote the development of PIBs. The MoSe
...material has attracted much attention due to its high theoretical capacity, unique layered structure, and good conductivity. However, the potassium storage property of MoSe
has been suffering from structural fragmentation and sluggish reaction kinetic caused by large potassium ions upon insertion/extraction, which needs to be further improved. Herein, the MoSe
nanosheets are confined into N-doped hollow porous carbon microspheres (MoSe
@N-HCS) by spray drying and high-temperature selenization. It delivers a superior rate performance of 113.7 mAh g
at 10 A g
and remains at a high capacity of 158.3 mAh g
at 2 A g
even after 16 700 cycles for PIBs. The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to unique structure, N-doping, and robust chemical bonds. The storage mechanism of MoSe
for potassium ions was explored. The outstanding properties of MoSe
@N-HCS make it a promising anode material for PIBs.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The momentum of robotic surgery is increasing, and it has great prospects in pancreatic surgery. It has been widely accepted and expanding to more and more centers. Robotic distal pancreatectomy ...(RDP) is the most recent advanced minimally invasive approach for pancreatic lesions and malignancies. However, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) also showed good efficacy. We compared the effect of RDP with LDP using a meta-analysis.
From January 2010 to June 2023, clinical trials of RDP versus LDP were determined by searching PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effect of RDP with LDP. This meta-analysis evaluated the R0 resection rate, lymph node metastasis rate, conversion to open surgery rate, spleen preservation rate, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pancreatic fistula, postoperative hospital stay, 90-day mortality rate, surgical cost, and total cost.
This meta-analysis included 38 studies. Conversion to open surgery, blood loss, and 90-day mortality in the RDP group were all significantly less than that in the LDP group (
< .05). There was no difference in lymph node resection rate, R0 resection rate, or postoperative pancreatic fistula between the two groups (
> .05). Spleen preservation rate in the LDP group was higher than that in the RDP group (
< .05). Operation cost and total cost in the RDP group were both more than that in the LDP group (
< .05). It is uncertain which group has an advantage in postoperative hospital stay.
To some degree, RDP and LDP were indeed worth comparing in clinical practice. However, it may be difficult to determine which is absolute advantage according to current data. Large sample randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm which is better treatment. PROSPERO ID: CRD4202345576.
•A Chinese brush-pen-tip like flexible EEG electrode is developed to achieve balanced performance both at the impedance and the comfortable level.•Pen point structure and wetted electrode tips enable ...the electrode to go through hair and wet the scalp directly, with little hair is contaminated.•Micro-seepage together with a reservoir for electrolyte makes the proposed EEG electrode work on head with a contact impedance below 20KΩ for 8 h.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes play an important role in the applications of wearable brain-computer interfaces (BCI). Although traditional wet gel-based electrodes can obtain low contact impedance and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), cumbersome procedures including skin preparation, gelling, and hair cleaning make them inconvenient to use. Dry electrodes can avoid these shortcomings; however, they can hardly achieve impedance and SNR as good as wet electrodes. This study aims to develop a novel micro-seepage electrode, which possesses both high convenience of dry electrode and low contact impedance of wet electrode, and assess contact impedance, comfort level, and EEG signal quality of the proposed electrode.
The proposed micro-seepage electrode can continuously provide a small amount of electrolyte from flexible brush-pen like tips to scalp, which keeps the scalp-electrode interface moist like that of wet electrodes. The electrode can be put on and taken off easily like dry electrode, and there is also no need to wash hair after use. This study investigated the contact impedance of the electrode with regard to electrolyte type, recording duration, and contact pressure on the occipital area. In addition, this study compared SNR and classification accuracy of steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) between the proposed electrode and the wet electrode.
The proposed electrode can be set up very quickly. The flexible and elastic tips make it comfortable to wear. Using the contact lens cleaning solution as electrolyte, the average impedance of the electrode was 12.1 kΩ@10 Hz. The impedance kept below 20 kΩ for more than 8 h on volunteers’ scalp. The SNR and classification accuracy of SSVEPs obtained by the proposed electrodes were comparable to those of wet electrodes.
The proposed micro-seepage electrode can provide a comfortable and convenient solution for high-quality EEG acquisition.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Measurements of ignition delay times for n-butylcyclohexane/air were performed over temperatures of 707-1458 K, pressures of 2.0, 5.0, and 15.0 atm, and equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 in a ...heated shock tube. High temperature (>1000 K) results reveal that increasing of temperature or pressure results in a monotonous decreasing of ignition delay time at fixed equivalence ratios, effects of equivalence ratio on ignition delay are different at different pressures, and ignition delay times of fuel-lean mixture are the most sensitive to temperature. At low temperatures (<1000 K), a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior of ignition was observed, and the ignition delay dependence on equivalence ratio is much stronger than that at high temperatures. The current ignition delay times of n-butylcyclohexane were compared to those of cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and ethylcyclohexane, and also to those of C10 fuels of n-decane and n-butylbenzene. Mechanism predictions agree well with present measured data qualitatively, and are longer than the data at most conditions. The key reactions influencing ignition delay and reaction pathways during ignition process of n-butylcyclohexane/air are different at high and low temperatures. The results obtained in this work are valuable for understanding characteristics of n-butylcyclohexane ignition and provide new experimental data for refining kinetic mechanism of n-butylcyclohexane.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
The value of computer navigation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for arthritic knees continues to be debated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of navigated TKA associated ...with updated alignment philosophy.
Methods
This prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled 38 consecutive patients (76 knees) and were randomly assigned to both groups. The demographic data and perioperative data were recorded. The coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) classification was used to classify knee alignment phenotypes. Radiographic outcomes were measured and subgroup analysis was further performed. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Surgery-related complications were recorded.
Results
The distribution of CPAK phenotypes following constitutional aligned TKA was equivalent to the native cohort, whereas the mechanical aligned TKA dramatically altered the phenotype distribution from type I and type II to type V and type IV. Final implant positioning was different between groups, with constitutional aligned TKA having larger cTCA (
P
= .004), joint line obliquity (
P
= .006), joint line distance (
P
= .033) and smaller sFCA (
P
= .013). Subgroup analysis showed higher actual accuracy of component positioning was achieved in navigated TKA, especially in knees with deformity of > 10° (
P
< .05). Patients reported higher HSS score at three months postoperatively in constitutional aligned group (
P
= .002). One patient in navigated group suffered femoral pin site fracture caused by a minor trauma.
Conclusion
Computer navigated TKA allows for restoration of constitutional alignment and minimizes soft tissue release, which when compared to mechanical alignment may be associated with superior early outcomes.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (AMB) is a herb with wide application in traditional Chinese medicine, exerting a wealth of pharmacological effects. AMB has been proven to have an evident therapeutic ...effect on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, including cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, the specific mechanism underlying AMB in CIRI remains unclear.
This study aimed to investigate the potential role of AMB in CIRI through a comprehensive approach of network pharmacology and in vivo experimental research.
The intersection genes of drugs and diseases were obtained through analysis of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created through the string website. Meanwhile, the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was carried out using R studio, and thereafter the key genes were screened. Then, the molecular docking prediction was made between the main active ingredients and target genes, and hub genes with high binding energy were obtained. In addition, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was used to validate the result of molecular docking. Based on the results of network pharmacology, we used animal experiments to verify the predicted hub genes. First, the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MACO/R) model was established and the effective dose of AMB in CIRI was determined by behavioral detection and 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Then the target proteins corresponding to the hub genes were measured by Western blot. Moreover, the level of neuronal death was measured using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Nissl staining.
Based on the analysis of the TCMSP database and GEO database, a total of 62 intersection target genes of diseases and drugs were obtained. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the therapeutic effect of AMB on CIRI might be realized through the advanced glycation endproduct-the receptor of advanced glycation endproduct (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and other pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the active ingredients of AMB had good binding potential with hub genes that included Prkcb, Ikbkb, Gsk3b, Fos and Rela. Animal experiments showed that AWE (60 g/kg) could alleviate CIRI by regulating the phosphorylation of PKCβ, IKKβ, GSK3β, c-Fos and NF-κB p65 proteins.
AMB exerts multi-target and multi-pathway effects against CIRI, and the underlying mechanism may be related to anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress and inhibiting calcium overload.
Display omitted
•The hub genes of AMB on CIRI were identified by molecular docking.•Astragalus water extract can effectively improve the symptoms of CIRI.•The different genes of CIRI were analyzed by using R language and GEO database.•PKCβ, NF-κB p65, GSK3β, c-Fos, and IKKβ are potential targets of AMB on CIRI.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Phytohormone gibberellin (GA) serves as hub modulator of diverse biological events. Understanding the transcriptomic features of GA-mediated processes has scientific significance. The transcriptomic ...landscapes of cereal crops upon GA stimulation remains largely unknown. Herein, to reveal the transcriptomic changes in cereal crop maize under GA treatment, we first selected normal height and GA-sensitive maize dwarf plants from advanced backcross population for GA treatment. RNA-seq analysis discovered multiple protein-coding transcripts that were differentially expressed in GA-treated samples compared to distilled water-treated ones. Some differentially expressed transcripts, namely GA-responsive transcripts in this study, encoded the components of GA pathway, including CPS, KS, and KO enzymes for GA biosynthesis, GA2ox enzymes for GA degradation, DELLA repressors and GID1 receptor for GA signaling. A total of 214 shared GA-responsive transcripts were identified both in GA
3
-treated normal height and GA-sensitive dwarf samples. Shared GA-responsive transcripts were involved in GA signaling, auxin biosynthesis, ethylene response, the composition and structure of cell wall, chlorophyll biogenesis, and sugar homeostasis. In addition, the convergence and divergence in expression of shared GA-responsive transcripts were observed in GA
3
-treated normal height and GA-sensitive dwarf plants. Interaction network modeling indicated that some shared GA-responsive transcripts tended to be co-regulated, which increases the complexity of GA-triggered regulation at transcriptomic layer. Results presented here will extend our knowledge of GA-mediated regulatory cascade, and enhance our ability to apply hormone GA knowledge in agricultural practice.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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