The temperature-dependent optoelectronic properties of FAPbI3 nanocrystals’ (NCs) film are studied by steady photoluminescence (PL), transient PL, and photocurrent measurements. Steady PL shows that ...FAPbI3 NCs experience three phases of α, β, and γ, as temperature decreases from 295 to 77 K. Analyzed with the two-carrier model of free carrier and trapped carrier, the dynamic PL shows that the lifetime and the percentage of free carrier in α phase are enhanced obviously with temperature relative to β and γ phase, while those of the trapped carrier are insensitive to the detailed FAPbI3 phase. Meanwhile, the excitation intensity-dependent photocurrent follows a similar behavior, suggesting that the photocurrent is determined by the free carrier migration controlled by the trapping state distribution and phonon scattering. This result helps to further understand the generation, diffusion, and transport of carriers in FAPbI3 NCs film and to design and optimize the optoelectrical devices of high performance.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The study of long-chain alkenones in the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) core 1202B reveals a sub-centennial resolution record of sea surface temperature (SST) in the southern Okinawa Trough for the ...past 15thousandyears (kyr). From the Deglaciation to Holocene, SST varied from 21.1 to 26.5°C. The presence of Bølling (15.0–14.2kyrBP) and Allerød (13.7–13.4kyrBP) warming phases, Older Dryas (14.2–13.7kyrBP) and Younger Dryas (12.8–11.6kyrBP) cold periods reflects a tight teleconnection of climate between the Okinawa Trough and the North Atlantic region in the last Deglaciation. After rapidly increased and reached the maximum at ~7.4kyrBP, SST in the southern OT gradually decreased, corresponding with the lowering of northern hemisphere summer solar insolation. However, a series of abrupt SST drops were identified at ca. 8.6–8.1, 5.8–4.8, 4.1–3.9, 3.0–2.5, 1.6–1.3 and 0.6–0.5kyrBP, which cannot be explained by solar insolation changes alone, and instead are mediated by a complex sun–ocean–atmosphere coupling.
•High resolution sea surface temperature in Okinawa Trough was reconstructed for the past 15,000years.•Abrupt climate changes such as the B/A warming, Older Dryas, YD and 8.2ka events were detected in Okinawa Trough.•Holocene sea surface temperature in Okinawa Trough was mediated by a complex sun–ocean–atmosphere coupling.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the surface soils from Dashiwei and Datuo Karst tiankengs, Guangxi Province, South China. Concentrations of total PAHs ranged from 16.93 ...ng g⁻¹ to 190 ng g⁻¹ with a mean of 58.29 ng g⁻¹. In Dashiwei more PAHs were concentrated than in Datuo (mean 74.42 ng g⁻¹ > 42.15 ng g⁻¹). Dashiwei and Datuo accounted for the majority of all PAHs concentrated in the lower location through increased rates (58% and 37%) from the upper to lower geographical levels, respectively. Dashiwei presented the stronger trapping ability for heavier molecular weights on the tiankeng floor with a concentration increase rate of 167% when compared to that of the lighter molecular weights (which had a concentration increase of rate 6%), which was in contrast to the Datuo with a concentration increase rate of 37% for lighter molecular weights and 31% for heavier molecular weights. In Dashiwei, it was found that the ratio of heavier PAH compound molecular weight resulted in its higher precipitation recording on the tiankeng floor. The differentia between two tiankengs, therefore, are related to their environmental characteristics and the PAHs physiochemical properties. The analytical result from the PAHs indicators suggest that a petrogenic source was dominant in the area studied. Therefore, the karst tiankeng has the potential to act as a geophysical well for PAHs deposition, especially for the heavier molecular weighted PAH.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Radical cations of nucleobases are key intermediates causing genome mutation, among which cytosine C•+ is of growing importance because the ensuing cytosine oxidation causes GC → AT transversions in ...DNA replication. Although the chemistry and biology of steady-state C oxidation products have been characterized, time-resolved study of initial degradation pathways of C•+ is still at the preliminary stage. Herein, we choose i-motif, a unique C-quadruplex structure composed of hemiprotonated base pairs C(H)+:C, to examine C•+ degradation in a DNA surrounding without interference of G bases. Comprehensive time-resolved spectroscopy were performed to track C•+ dynamics in i-motif and in free base dC. The competing pathways of deprotonation (1.4 × 107 s–1), tautomerization (8.8 × 104 s–1), and hydration (5.3 × 103 s–1) are differentiated, and their rate constants are determined for the first time, underlining the strong reactivity of C•+. Distinct pathway is observed in i-motif compared with dC, showing the prominent features of C•+ hydration forming C(5OH)• and C(6OH)•. By further experiments of pH-dependence, comparison with single strand, and with Ag+ mediated i-motif, the mechanisms of C•+ degradation in i-motif are disclosed. The hydrogen-bonding within C(H)+:C plays a significant role in guiding the reaction flux, by blocking the tautomerization of C(−H)• and reversing the equilibrium from C(−H)• to C•+. The C radicals in i-motif thus retain more cation character, and are mainly subject to hydration leading to lesion products that can induce disruption of i-motif structure and affect its critical roles in gene-regulation.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The flower of safflower is widely used in Chinese herbal preparations and the non-medicinal parts have been applied to develop a sustainable green method, where AgNPs were generated using a mixture ...of leaf and stem after 12 h of incubation in the dark. In this study, we intend to improve the efficiency of the reduction reaction and optimize this green method by selecting other non-medicinal parts, such as the bud and the pure stem, evaluating the biosynthesis parameters and harnessing the assistance of ultrasonication. Visual observation and UV-vis spectroscopy confirmed that both safflower stem (SS) and bud (SB) mediated AgNPs (SS-AgNPs and SB-AgNPs, respectively) could be produced rapidly over time under ultrasonication. An alkaline solution could accelerate the formation of SS-AgNPs and SB-AgNPs with greater surface loads. SS-AgNPs and SB-AgNPs of small size could be obtained at pH 8.0 and 10.0, respectively. Large concentrations of SS and SB extract are also beneficial for forming AgNPs of small size. It is in acid and neutral solutions that monodispersed SS-AgNPs and SB-AgNPs can be generated. Characterization of selectively synthesized SS-AgNPs and SB-AgNPs demonstrated their spherical shape with the actual size below 30 nm covered by anions. Both SS-AgNPs and SB-AgNPs exhibited potent antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The MIC values of SS-AgNPs for
S. aureus
and
E. coli
were 12.5 and 25.0 μg mL
−1
, respectively, slightly superior to SB-AgNPs. In an
in vitro
anticancer assay, both kinds of AgNPs show potent toxicity action against the SW620 cell line with IC
50
values of 5.4 and 10.6 μg mL
−1
, respectively. However, only SS-AgNPs reveal an inhibitory action against the HeLa cell line, where the IC
50
is found to be 26.8 μg mL
−1
. These results provide experimental proof that the assistance of ultrasonication and adjusting the process parameters are efficient methods for promoting the reduction reaction, and both SS and SB mediated AgNPs could serve as a promising antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer agents.
In this study, the non-medicinal parts of safflower were selected as green resources to generate bioactive AgNPs with the assistance of sonication.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
The rising global high incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has led to a significant increase in patients presenting with lung metastasis of DTC (LMDTC). This population poses a ...significant challenge in clinical practice, necessitating the urgent development of effective risk stratification methods and predictive tools for lung metastasis.
Through proteomic analysis of large samples of primary lesion and dual validation employing parallel reaction monitoring and immunohistochemistry, we identified eight hub proteins as potential biomarkers. By expanding the sample size and conducting statistical analysis on clinical features and hub protein expression, we constructed three risk prediction models.
This study identified eight hub proteins-SUCLG1/2, DLAT, IDH3B, ACSF2, ACO2, CYCS and VDAC2- as potential biomarkers for predicting DTC lung metastasis risk. We developed and internally validated three risk prediction models incorporating both clinical characteristics and hub protein expression. Our findings demonstrated that the combined prediction model exhibited optimal predictive performance, with the highest discrimination (AUC: 0.986) and calibration (Brier score: 0.043). Application of the combined prediction model within a specific risk threshold (0-0.97) yielded maximal clinical benefit. Finally, we constructed a nomogram based on the combined prediction model.
As a large sample size study in lung metastatic DTC research, the identification of biomarkers through primary lesion proteomics and the development of risk prediction models integrating clinical features and hub protein biomarkers offer valuable insights for predicting DTC lung metastasis and establishing personalised treatment strategies.
Objectives
This clinical study aimed to compare the performance of various virtual articulator (VA) mounting procedures in the participants’ natural head position (NHP).
Materials and methods
...Fourteen participants with acceptable dentitions and jaw relationships were recruited in this study registered in the Clinical Trials Registry (#NCT05512455; August 2022). A virtual facebow was designed for virtual mounting and hinge axis measurement. Intraoral scans were obtained, and landmarks were placed on each participant’s face to register the horizontal plane in NHP. Six virtual mounting procedures were performed for each participant. The average facebow group (AFG) used an indirect digital procedure by using the average facebow record. The average mounting group (AMG) aligned virtual arch models to VA’s average occlusal plane. The smartphone facial scan group (SFG) and professional facial scan group (PFG) used facial scan images with Beyron points and horizontal landmarks, respectively. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan group (CTG) used the condyle medial pole, and horizontal landmarks were applied. The kinematic facebow group (KFG) served as the control group, and a direct digital procedure was applied using a kinematic digital facebow and the 3D skull model. Deviations of the reference plane and the hinge axis between the KFG and other groups were calculated. The inter-observer variability in virtual mounting software operation was then evaluated using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) test.
Results
In virtual condylar center deviations, the CTG had the lowest condylar deviations. The AFG showed larger condylar deviations than PFG, SFG, and CTG. There was no statistically significant difference between the AFG and the AMG and between the PFG and the SFG. In reference plane deviations, the AMG showed the largest angular deviation (8.23 ± 3.29°), and the AFG was 3.89 ± 2.25°. The angular deviations of PFG, SFG, and CTG were very small (means of each group < 1.00°), and there was no significant difference among them. There was no significant difference between the researchers, and the ICC test showed moderate to excellent reliability for the virtual condylar center and good to excellent reliability for the reference plane in the operation of the virtual mounting software.
Conclusions
CBCT scan provided the lowest hinge axis deviation in virtual mounting compared to average mounting, facebow record, and facial scans. The performance of the smartphone facial scanner in virtual mounting was similar to that of the professional facial scanner. Direct virtual mounting procedures using horizontal landmarks in NHP accurately recorded the horizontal plane.
Clinical relevance
Direct digital procedures can be reliably used for virtual articulator mounting. The use of a smartphone facial scanner provides a suitable and radiation-free option for clinicians.
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CMK, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Network alignment, which integrates multiple network resources by identifying anchor nodes that exist in different networks, is beneficial for conducting comprehensive network analysis. Although ...there have been many studies on network alignment, most of them are limited to static scenarios and only can achieve acceptable top-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\alpha</tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\alpha \gt 10</tex-math></inline-formula>) results. In the absence of considering dynamic changes in networks, accurate network alignment (i.e., top-1 result) faces two problems: 1) Missing information: focusing solely on aligning networks at a specific time leads to low top-1 performance due to the lack of information from other time periods; 2) Confusing information: ignoring temporal information and focusing on aligning networks across the entire time span leads to low top-1 performance due to inability to distinguish the neighborhood nodes of anchor nodes. In this paper, we propose a dynamic network alignment method, which aims to achieve better top-1 alignment results with consider changing network structures over time. Towards this end, we learn the representations of nodes in the changing network structure with time, and preserve the consistency of anchor node pairs during the time-evolution process. Firstly, we employ a Structure-Time-aware module to capture network dynamics while preserving network structure and learning node representations that incorporate temporal information. Secondly, we ensure the global and local consistency of anchor node pairs over time by utilizing linear and similarity functions, respectively. Finally, we determine whether two nodes are anchor node pairs by maintaining consistency between global, local, and node representations. Experimental results obtained from real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves performance comparable to several state-of-the-art methods.
