Spatial-temporal, channel-wise, and motion patterns are three complementary and crucial types of information for video action recognition. Conventional 2D CNNs are computationally cheap but cannot ...catch temporal relationships; 3D CNNs can achieve good performance but are computationally intensive. In this work, we tackle this dilemma by designing a generic and effective module that can be embedded into 2D CNNs. To this end, we propose a spAtio-temporal, Channel and moTion excitatION (ACTION) module consisting of three paths: Spatio-Temporal Excitation (STE) path, Channel Excitation (CE) path, and Motion Excitation (ME) path. The STE path employs one channel 3D convolution to characterize spatio-temporal representation. The CE path adaptively recalibrates channel-wise feature responses by explicitly modeling interdependencies between channels in terms of the temporal aspect. The ME path calculates feature-level temporal differences, which is then utilized to excite motion-sensitive channels. We equip 2D CNNs with the proposed ACTION module to form a simple yet effective ACTION-Net with very limited extra computational cost. ACTION-Net is demonstrated by consistently outperforming 2D CNN counterparts on three backbones (i.e., ResNet-50, MobileNet V2 and BNInception) employing three datasets (i.e., Something-Something V2, Jester, and EgoGesture). Code is provided at https://github.com/V-Sense/ACTION-Net.
This study examined potential effects of financial literacy on household portfolio choice and investment return, an indicator of financial wellbeing. Using data from the 2014 Chinese Survey of ...Consumer Finance, financial literacy was measured and further categorized into basic financial literacy and advanced financial literacy. This study tested the hypothesis that financial literacy affects household choice between stock and mutual fund. The results indicated that households with higher financial literacy, especially those with higher level of advanced financial literacy tended to delegate at least part of their portfolio to experts and invest in mutual fund. However, households who were overconfident about their financial literacy tended to invest by themselves and were more likely to hold only stocks in their portfolios. The findings also indicated that households with higher financial literacy had a better chance of receiving a positive investment return, suggesting that higher financial literacy may result in a better financial outcome.
The S-shaped characteristics of the pump-turbine may cause instability and thus leads to difficulties in grid synchronization. This paper develops a complete model for a pumped storage power plant ...and studies the start-up and grid synchronization procedure of two 300 MW variable speed units at no load in turbine mode. Based on the grid-voltage-oriented vector control method, the stator voltage of the doubly-fed induction machine is controlled to meet the grid connection requirements. Compared with the fixed speed units, the simulation results show that for a pump-turbine with typical S-shaped characteristics, the fixed speed unit cannot meet the grid connection requirements due to the unstable unit speed. Whereas, the variable speed unit can quickly reach synchronization with the grid voltage. For a pump-turbine without typical S-shaped characteristics, the synchronous unit can meet the grid connection requirements, but it takes a longer time and the stator voltage is not stable enough, while the variable speed unit is 11 times faster and more stable. The effects of PI parameters on the synchronization process of a variable speed unit are also studied. The results show that with suitable PI control parameters, the synchronization process can be accelerated without large overshoot of the rotor power.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Stock market participation is considered as an indicator of consumer financial well-being. This study examined the association between financial literacy overconfidence and stock market ...participation. Financial literacy overconfidence was measured by the difference between an individual's subjective and objective financial literacy scores. Data from the 2012 Chinese Survey of Consumer Finance was analyzed. The results showed that financial literacy overconfidence is positively correlated with stock market participation. On the other hand, under-confidence is negatively correlated to stock market participation. This study contributes to the existing literature by relating a unique factor, financial literacy overconfidence, to stock market participation.
Abstract
Background
An international pandemic of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. A large number of patients with chest trauma were infected ...with COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the management of chest trauma.
Objective
The present observational study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of chest trauma patients with or without COVID-19 infection.
Methods
A multicenter observational study was performed at three Chinese hospitals between November 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. All enrolled patients were diagnosed with chest trauma. We analyzed data from existing medical records, including all baseline data and prognostic follow-up data, such as 30-day mortality, hospital stays, hospitalization costs, and complications.
Results
All 375 eligible patients completed the follow-up. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between chest trauma combined with COVID-19 (
p
> 0.05). Chest trauma combined with COVID-19 infection may lead to higher 30-day mortality (16.36% vs. 7.14%,
p
= 0.005), longer hospital stays (22.5 ± 5.9 vs. 12.8 ± 4.2,
p
< 0.001), larger hospitalization costs (
p
< 0.001), and increased hospitalization complications, such as pulmonary embolism (10.30% vs. 4.76%,
p
= 0.039), deep vein thrombosis (DVT, 33.33% vs. 18.57%,
p
= 0.001), the incidence of 7-day delirium (69.70% vs. 46.19%,
p
< 0.001), and respiratory failure (38.18% vs. 24.77%,
p
= 0.005).
Conclusions
Compared to chest trauma alone, it may lead to higher mortality, larger hospitalization costs, and more complications. To better respond to the future of COVID-19 or other similar virus-borne disease pandemics, it is important to understand the clinical characteristics and complications, such as pulmonary embolism, DVT, and respiratory failure after COVID-19 infection. To guide the future treatment of chest trauma combined with COVID-19 infection or other infectious diseases.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Graphene modified TiO₂ composite photocatalysts have drawn increasing attention because of their high performance. Some significant advancements have been achieved with the continuous research, such ...as the corresponding photocatalytic mechanism that has been revealed. Specific influencing factors have been discovered and potential optimizing methods are proposed. The latest developments in graphene assisted TiO₂ composite photocatalysts are abstracted and discussed. Based on the primary reasons behind the observed phenomena of these composite photocatalysts, probable development directions and further optimizing strategies are presented. Moreover, several novel detective technologies-beyond the decomposition test-which can be used to judge the photocatalytic performances of the resulting photocatalysts are listed and analyzed. Although some objectives have been achieved, new challenges still exist and hinder the widespread application of graphene-TiO₂ composite photocatalysts, which deserves further study.
The accurate and rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) holds significant clinical importance. This work presents a new method for detecting methicillin-resistant ...Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in clinical samples. The method uses an aptamer-based colorimetric assay that combines a recognizing probe to identify the target and split DNAzyme to amplify the signal, resulting in a highly sensitive and direct analysis of methicillin-resistance. The identification of the PBP2a protein on the membrane of S. aureus in clinical samples leads to the allosterism of the recognizing probe, and thus provides a template for the proximity ligation of split DNAzyme. The proximity ligation of split DNAzyme forms an intact DNAzyme to identify the loop section in the L probe and generates a nicking site to release the loop sequence (“3” and “4” fragments). The “3” and “4” fragments forms an intact sequence to induce the catalytic hairpin assembly, exposing the G-rich section. The released the G-rich sequence of LR probe induces the formation of G-quadruplex–hemin DNAzyme as a colorimetric signal readout. The absorption intensity demonstrated a strong linear association with the logarithm of the S. aureus concentration across a wide range of 5 orders of magnitude dynamic range under the optimized experimental parameters. The limit of detection was calculated to be 23 CFU/ml and the method showed high selectivity for MRSA. KCI Citation Count: 0
Residual stress plays an essential role in affecting the strengthening performance by a surface treatment. Studying the impact of a single ball on a target surface is the basis of shot peening ...technology in order to obtain the distribution of the residual stress, and to optimize the processing parameters. In this paper, a numerical model has been developed to represent single ball impacts on high manganese steel by considering different processing parameters. It was found that by increasing the ball diameter and impact velocity, the depth of maximum residual compressive stress and the depth of the residual compressive stress layer became significantly enlarged due to increasing kinetic energy of the impacting ball. It was also found from simulation that with an increase in ball impact angle, the maximum residual compressive stress, the depth of maximum residual compressive stress and the depth of the residual compressive stress layer were significantly improved; an exception was the surface residual compressive stress, which showed a decreasing trend. Moreover, by employing quantitative analysis with the entropy method, it was found that within the range of processing parameters considered in the simulation, it is recommended to use a ball with a diameter of 0.6 mm to impact the target, with a velocity of 80 m/s and an angle of 90° for the best strengthening performance.
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Tilting pad thrust bearings are the key components in hydropower units. As the thrust loads increase with the unit capacities of the hydro turbines, many thrust bearings failed due to rub-impacts ...between the collar and pads. Some plants have to be shut down for up to one month to repair the damaged pads which has lead to enormous economic losses. The lubrication processes of thrust bearings are quite complex involving fluid-thermal-structural interactions between the pad, the collar, the oil film and the oil surrounding the pad. This paper reviews the bearing mechanism including the thermal-elastic deformation, the transient and dynamic characteristics, the bidirectional thrust bearing, as well as the various prediction methods on the lubrication performance. At last, an overview of some special designs including the covered materials, supporting system and hydrostatic jacking system to improve the thrust lubrication was briefly presented.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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