Strongylocentrotus nudus is an edible sea urchin, mainly harvested in China. Correlation studies indicated that S. nudus with larger diameter have a prolonged marketing time and better palatability ...owing to their precocious gonads and extended maturation process. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is still unknown. Here, transcriptome sequencing was applied to study the ovaries of adult S. nudus with different shell diameters to explore the possible mechanism. In this study, four independent cDNA libraries were constructed, including two from the big size urchins and two from the small ones using a HiSeq™2500 platform. A total of 88,581 unigenes were acquired with a mean length of 1354bp, of which 66,331 (74.88%) unigenes could be annotated using six major publicly available databases. Comparative analysis revealed that 353 unigenes were differentially expressed (with log2(ratio)≥1, FDR≤0.001) between the two groups. Of these, 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected to confirm the accuracy of RNA-seq data by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed to find the putative genes and pathways related to ovarian maturity. Eight unigenes were identified as significant DEGs involved in reproduction related pathways; these included Mos, Cdc20, Rec8, YP30, cytochrome P450 2U1, ovoperoxidase, proteoliaisin, and rendezvin. Our research fills the gap in the studies on the S. nudus ovaries using transcriptome analysis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Currently, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. To aid clinicians in diagnosis, lesion regions in mammography pictures can be segmented using an artificial intelligence ...system. This has significant clinical implications. Clustering algorithms, as unsupervised models, are widely used in medical image segmentation. However, due to the different sizes and shapes of lesions in mammography images and the low contrast between lesion areas and the surrounding pixels, it is difficult to use traditional unsupervised clustering methods for image segmentation. In this study, we try to apply the semisupervised fuzzy clustering algorithm to lesion segmentation in mammography molybdenum target images and propose semisupervised fuzzy clustering based on the cluster centres of labelled samples (called SFCM_V, where V stands for cluster centre). The algorithm refers to the cluster centre of the labelled sample dataset during the clustering process and uses the information of the labelled samples to guide the unlabelled samples during clustering to improve the clustering performance. We compare the SFCM_V algorithm with the current popular semisupervised clustering algorithm and an unsupervised clustering algorithm and perform experiments on real patient mammogram images using DICE and IoU as evaluation metrics; SFCM_V has the highest evaluation metric coefficient. Experiments demonstrate that SFCM_V has higher segmentation accuracy not only for larger lesion regions, such as tumours, but also for smaller lesion regions, such as calcified spots, compared with existing clustering algorithms.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
It has been evidenced that micro-RNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs, are key regulators responding to heavy metal stress. Up to date, identification and characterization of micro-RNAs responding ...to heavy metal stress in gonads of sea urchin have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the expressional variation of micro-RNAs between normal sea urchin gonads and that stressed by 0.1 mM ZnSO sub(4) for 12 h was compared utilizing microarray assay. The results showed 279 micro-RNAs were detected in control gonads, while 103 in Zn-stressed sample, indicating that Zn treatment decreased the expression level of micro- RNAs. In addition, 36 micro-RNAs expressed significantly varied between control and Zn-treated gonads including 16 down- and 20 up-regulated micro-RNAs. Prediction and functional annotation of targets of these 36 micro- RNAs uncovered that micro-NAs play roles in a broad range of physiological processes under Zn stress, such as Zn transporter, DNA methylation and histone modification, as well as the chaperones binding to unfold proteins, highlighting the potential roles of sea urchin micro-NAs in responding to heavy metal stress.
In this paper, we predicted abiotic stress responsive microRNAs in wine grape genome by homolog search based on computational approach. We successfully predicted 18 grape microRMAs from total 12 ...query-microRNAs families which chosed from Arabidopsis, Oryza and Populus plants. The MiPred software prediction results, the stem-loop structure feature analysis and pol II promoter prediction results showed that these 18 putative microRNAs are real plant microRNAs. Several known cold, drought stress responding transcript factor binding motifs were identified in these 18 promoter regions. Word spyanalysis displayed 2 remarkable consensus motifs in these promoters with Arabidopsis microRNAs. Four groups of targets were predicted in this work, including CCAAT-binding transcription factor, ring finger transcription factor, sugar metabolism and transport proteins, methyl-transferase and some unknown grape proteins. 3 putative targets of vv-mirRNA169j, 477a and vv-miR393a have reverse transcriptase and leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) ribonuclease inhibitor activity.
Intelligent traffic management system (ITMS) is an effective measure to improve the urban road transport system operating efficiency. With the practice of Beijing urban intelligent traffic management ...system, this paper takes the urban transportation systems, socio-economic system and energy environment system as the input system, and sets the road traffic management efficiency and urban transport putting indicators as the output systems. The paper develops a corresponding super-efficiency DEA model, and examines the coordination degree between the ITMS level and urban development. The field data of Beijing from 2000 to 2010 are used for empirical analysis. Based on the model results and the practices of Beijing, the paper comparatively analyzes the relative effectiveness trend of urban transportation and the subsystems of economy and energy environment. It aims to provide some references for the future development and construction of the Beijing ITMS.
智能交通管理系统是提高和改善城市道路交通系统运行效率的一项有效措施。本文以北京城市智能交通管理系统应用为背景，选取城市交通系统、社会经济系统以及能源环境系统为投入系统，相关道路交通管理效率及城市交通外放性指标组成产出系统，建立了相应的超效率DEA评价模型，研究分析城市智能交通管理系统水平与城市发展的协调程度。应用北京市2000–2010年的实际数据进行了实证分析，根据模型计算结果，结合北京市的发展实践，对比分析了城市交通与经济及能源环境子系统的相对有效性变化趋势，以期为北京城市ITMS未来的发展建设提供一定的参考借鉴。
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Polyacrylamide-coated magnetic nanogels were synthesized via photochemical method in surfactants and initiators free aqueous system at room temperature. After Hoffmann elimination of carbonyl and ...further modification with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG), the MPEG-modified superparamagnetic nanogels (MSN) with better hydrophilicity and biocompatibility were obtained. The MSN were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and PCS. Covalently linked with (188)Re complex, the (188)Re-labeled MSN were prepared and intravenously injected into the left ears of the anesthetized rabbits in control group (without external magnetic field) or in targeting group (in presence of external magnetic field). The average radioactivity distribution of organs in control group was detected and the magnetic targeting feature was investigated in targeting group.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
The surge in the express delivery business has made all express enterprises face the problem of optimizing the location of the terminal distribution network. Aiming at the traditional location of ...terminal distribution network only taking the direct investment cost of enterprises into account, without considering the operational risk cost brought by customer satisfaction, this paper constructs a multi-objective location model from the perspective of the enterprise, considering both the direct investment cost and the operational risk cost under user experience. The location model is solved by the genetic algorithm, and the empirical analysis in a certain area of Beijing is carried out.
Based on the complex network theory, this paper establishes a new model to analyze the cause of public accidents by urban logistics. In the model, a node is defined as an obvious or potential cause ...of an accident. By using the complex network theory, especially its statistical indexes, we can analyze the accidents of urban logistics to public security from a global perspective and get the main reasons. This paper analyzes the case of "11.18" major warehouse fire in Daxing District, Beijing. The results show that the enterprise's safety education and training for employees and the non-standard electrical wiring have played an important role in the accident. In a word, the model provides theoretical clues for the prediction of public accidents caused by urban logistics, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of urban logistics accidents.
In the present paper, 3325 and 563 EST-SSRs of two sea animal Paracentrotus.lividus and Aplysia. californica was in silico predicted by searching unigene databases, and the SSR length, frequency of ...different repeat types and compound SSR comprising was analyzed in detailed. The results showed that the SSR abundance of Aplysia unigene was more abundant then that of Paracentrotus . Tri- and dinucleotide motif was the most common motif in Aplysia and Paracentrotus SSRs, respectively. The SSR sizes, compound SSR comprising and motif frequency distribution was significantly different between these two sets of SSRs. The potential cross-species of selected SSRs was evaluated, demonstrating conserved di- or trinucleotide SSRs motifs and polymorphisms in length and nucleotides deleting and replacing exiting between these two species. Taken tighter, the results showed the unigene of Aplysia and Paracentrotus was enrich for developing of cross-species SSR markers and would facilitate evolution and comparative genome research of these two species.
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