Natural user interface (NUI) is a successor of command line interfaces (CLI) and graphical user interfaces (GUI) so well known to computer users. A new natural approach is based on extensive human ...behaviors tracking, where hand tracking and gesture recognition seem to play the main roles in communication. The presented paper reviews common approaches to discussed hand features tracking and provides a very effective proposal of the contour based hand’s poses recognition method which can be straightforwardly used for a hand-based natural user interface. Its possible usage varies from medical systems interaction, through games up to impaired people communication support.
The single-crystal borate LiBaB9O15 was synthesized by a high-temperature solution reaction and structurally determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. It crystallizes in the ...noncentrosymmetric space group R3c and features a three-dimensional ∞ 3B9O153– anionic framework, with infinite channels in which the Li+ and Ba2+ cations are located. The linear optical properties were investigated experimentally in terms of the absorption spectrum, which reveals an optical gap of 5.17 eV. In addition we have calculated the linear optical properties using state-of-the-art all-electron full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The nonlinear optical susceptibilities, namely, the second harmonic generation and the hyperpolarizability of the single-crystal borate LiBaB9O15 are calculated and evaluated at a static limit and at λ = 1064 nm. The calculation shows there exists three second-order nonlinear optical susceptiblities tensors components. We present measurements of the IR spectra in the range 500–2000 cm–1, and the second harmonic generation was performed using a Quantel 15 ns Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
•Describing experiment was performed in Dubna in QUINTA assembly.•The experimental fission products are measured by activation detectors.•Calculating the fission yield of fission product for ...proton-induced fissions.•Estimating the measured number of neutron- and proton-induced fissions.•Comparing the experimental data with predicted results from MCNPX code.
This work is a next step toward the study of physical properties of the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) in which a deeply subcritical active core (512 kg natural uranium target) is irradiated by a pulsed beam of relativistic particles. The measurement of the total number of fission reactions is a fundamental task in the given research. The estimated method of determining the number of fission reactions based on activation detectors is analyzed. Our interest has been focused on the study of the proton- and neutron-induced fission reaction inside the high-energy particle beam volume. The fission products of fission reactions have been measured employing natural uranium activation detectors and germanium gamma detectors (HPGe).
Experimental data are taken from the QUINTA experiment performed at JINR, Dubna, in November 2014. The presented method gives an effective possibility of estimating the measured number of fission reactions induced by neutrons and high-energy protons simultaneously.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Eye-gaze tracking is an aspect of human-computer interaction still growing in popularity,. Tracking human gaze point can help control user interfaces and may help evaluate graphical user interfaces. ...At the same time professional eye-trackers are very expensive and thus unavailable for most of user interface researchers and small companies. The paper presents very effective, low cost, computer vision based, interactive eye-gaze tracking method. On contrary to other authors results the method achieves very high precision (about 1.5 deg horizontally and 2.5 deg vertically) at 20 fps performance, exploiting a simple HD web camera with reasonable environment restrictions. The paper describes the algorithms used in the eye-gaze tracking method and results of experimental tests, both static absolute point of interest estimation, and dynamic functional gaze controlled cursor steering.
By measuring ultrasonic velocity in Li
2
SO
4
-MgO-P
2
O
5
glasses doped with different concentrations of NiO, we have evaluated different elastic coefficients; the values of these coefficients ...exhibited a decreasing trend with increase of nickel oxide concentration up to 0.8 mol%. This is ascribed to increasing presence of nickel ions in octahedral positions that act as modifiers and are predicted to have induced structural defects like dangling bonds in the glass network. Such increased degree of disorder in the glass network is anticipated to be a hindrance for the propagation of ultrasonic waves and hence caused the decrease in the velocities of ultrasonic waves and elastic coefficients. Overall, there is a decrease in mechanical strength of these glasses with increased content of nickel oxide up to 0.8 mol%.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Sodium antimonate glass ceramics with different concentrations of Au
2
O
3
were synthesized. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM techniques. These studies have revealed ...that the samples consist of multiple crystalline phases composed of Sb
3+
, Sb
5+
, Au
3+
ions, and Au
0
particles; moreover these studies have indicated growing proportion of Au
0
particles and Sb
5+
crystal phases (Na
2
Sb
2
O
6
) with increase of Au
2
O
3
concentration. IR and Raman spectral studies have pointed out an increasing degree of polymerization of the glass network with increase of Au
2
O
3
content while optical absorption studies indicated surface plasmon resonance effects. Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1320 nm and pulse width 8 ns) was used for inducing third harmonic generation (THG) signal. Later, THG signal intensity of Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm and pulse width of 20 ns) vs fundamental beam power density was recorded. The results indicated the maximum intensity for the samples containing a low concentration of Au
2
O
3
. For inducing piezo-optical effects, Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) and its doubled frequency beam λ = 532 nm (with simultaneous mechanical pressure) were used. The cw He-Ne laser of 20 mW (with beam diameter about 0.5 mm) was used as probing beam for measuring the piezo-optical effects in the photo-polarized samples. The variation of the intensity of the THG beam and piezo-optical coefficients were found to be the maximal for the samples mixed with small quantities of Au
2
O
3
. The detailed analysis of XRD, SEM, EPR, IR, optical absorption spectral results suggested that concentrations of Na
3
SbO
3
and also Au
2
O
3
crystal phases are maximal in these samples and are responsible for the maximal photoinduced effects, while the increasing presence of Na
2
Sb
2
O
6
crystal phases and Au
0
metallic particles are found to be hindrance for generation of third harmonic beams and also piezo-optical effects. Overall, the obtained results of nonlinear optical (NLO) and piezo-optical studies indicated that Na
2
O-Sb
2
O
3
glass ceramics containing small traces of Au
2
O
3
are useful for considering them for nonlinear optical triggering devices and piezo-electric devices.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The article presents the synthesis of the current understanding of the evolution of the southern Baltic coast based on the molluscs assemblages. Malacological analyses reveals five phases in Baltic ...coast environmental history: early Holocene limnic-swampy phase Planorbis, lagoon-marine phase Scrobicularia (∼7500-6600 14C years BP), transitional brackish-limnic phase Cardium (6600-4000 14C years BP), limnic phase Lymnaea (younger than 4000 14C years BP), and the youngest Potamopyrgus phase includes recent lake sediments from the last 100 years. In article shown, that the mollusc assemblages reflects climatical and hydrological changes connected with successive transgression and regression phases of the southern Baltic
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We have studied photoinduced absorption, birefringence, and optical second-harmonic generation in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films doped by organic chromophores featuring 4,5-dicyanoimidazole ...in the weight content equal to 5%. The chromophores indicated as IM1−IM6 were synthesized from 2-bromo-1-methylimidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile by either nucleophilic substitution or Suzuki−Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The samples were obtained as films of several micrometers thickness by the spin-coating method on a quartz substrate. Measurements of the optically induced birefringence were done by the Senarmont method at wavelength 1150 nm, and photoinduced absorption was studied in the spectral range 250−700 nm under optical treatment by 300 mW cw 532 nm laser. Photoinduced optical effects were studied by bicolor 1064 and 532 nm coherent laser pulses. The maximal changes were observed for the ratio between fundamental and writing beam intensities equal to about 7:1. To interpret the observed experimental measurements, theoretical simulations of photoinduced optical properties were performed by quantum chemical computational methods.
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A transient effect induced by an irradiation treatment using a cw green (532nm) laser or a microsecond pulsed CO2 laser at 10.6μm was observed on the absorbance and on the refractive refractive index ...in the visible spectral range. We have found modifications of absorption and refractive index in visible range which relax and disappear after the power cut of irradiation. Two main mechanisms participate in the observed photo-induced effects: the polarization of trapping states within the energy band-gap should be due to pure electronic contribution and/or related to the phonon sub-system manifesting through electron–phonon interactions. The relaxation of the photo-induced changes, after switching off the laser treatment, is also studied.
► Substantial changes of absorption under influence of microsecond pulsed CO2 and cw green laser. ► The changes are very sensitive to the presence or not of crystallization in the GeS2 glass matrix. ► The trapping levels intra the energy band-gap are excited by phonons interaction for IR irradiation. ► The relaxation processes may be a consequence of the role taken by electron–phonon mechanisms. ► Relaxation studies of refractive index and absorption changes show absence of irreversible modifications.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
•FZO nanostructures were treated with 8 MeV e-beam line at dosages 0 to 20 kGy.•XPS conveys that e-beam treatment suppresses the generation of defects in FZO.•Non radiative recombination dominates ...over radiative recombinations in FZO.•Nonlinear scattering mechanism becomes dominant due to photo bleaching effect.
Influence of high energy electron beam treatment on fluorine doped ZnO (FZO) nanostructures and its role in modifying structural, optical, morphological and nonlinear optical properties was studied. FZO nanostructures were grown with different fluorine concentration using an air assisted chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The prepared nanostructures were treated with 8 MeV electron beam line at pre-determined dosages (5 kGy. 10 kGy, 15 kGy and 20 kGy). Compositional and chemical state analysis of FZO films were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS analysis conveys that the percentage area ratio of O1s core level spectra which attributes to oxygen vacancy defects are reduced from 28.9% to 13.7% which endorses a fact that e-beam treatment suppresses the generation of oxygen related defects. The glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD) study confirms that the deposited films exhibit a single phase which point towards the higher order structural stability and phase purity of FZO nanostructures in intense radiation environment. The ambient temperature PL spectra show quenching of radiative defect centers upon electron beam irradiation which infers that non radiative recombination predominates the radiative recombination in the nanostructures upon e-beam treatment. Open aperture Z-scan analysis shows a magnitude of nonlinear absorption coefficient βeff in the order of 10−1 esu. Enhanced third harmonic generation signal (THG) shown by the films due to photoexcitation and relaxation process endorses the credibility of the grown films for application as UV light emitters.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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