Palladium-catalysed desulfitative addition of arylsulfinic acids to aryl and alkyl nitriles with 2,2'-bipyridine as a ligand afforded a variety of aryl ketones via hydrolysis of ketimine ...intermediates.
Palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of 60fullerene with phenols has been developed as a practical and efficient protocol for the one-pot synthesis of various 60fullerene-fused benzofurans. A ...possible reaction mechanism is proposed to explain the formation of C
-fused benzofurans. A novel 1,2,3,16-adduct is obtained through further reaction of the electrochemically generated dianionic fullerobenzofuran with benzyl bromide.
A highly efficient heteroannulation between 60fullerene (C60) and N-methoxy-1H-indole-1-carboxamides has been successfully achieved via the palladium-catalyzed C–H activation and subsequent ...cyclization. This protocol has remarkable functional group tolerance for the synthesis of C60-fused 3,4-dihydropyrimido1,6-aindol-1(2H)-ones. Furthermore, the electrochemically generated dianionic C60-fused 3,4-dihydropyrimido1,6-aindol-1(2H)-ones can be regioselectively transformed into 1,2,3,4-, 1,2,3,16-, and 1,4,9,25-adducts of C60.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
A solvent-free rhodium(III)-catalyzed C−H amidation of N-nitrosoanilines with 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones has been successfully developed under ball-milling conditions. This protocol provides an efficient ...and green access to a variety of 2-aminoanilide derivatives with low catalyst loading, remarkable functional group compatibility and excellent yields. In addition, the products allow convenient access to pharmaceutically valuable benzimidazole derivatives through a one-pot two-step synthesis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Photonic crystals (PCs) have been widely applied in optical, energy, and biological fields owing to their periodic crystal structure. However, the major challenges are easy cracking and poor ...structural color, seriously hindering their practical applications. Now, hydrophobic poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (P(t‐BA)) PCs have been developed with relatively lower glass transition temperature (Tg), large crack‐free area, excellent hydrophobic properties, and brilliant structure color. This method based on hydrophobic groups (tertiary butyl groups) provides a reference for designing new kinds of PCs via the monomers with relatively lower Tg. Moreover, the P(t‐BA) PCs film were applied as the photoluminescence (PL) enhanced film to enhance the PL intensity of CdSe@ZnS QDs by 10‐fold in a liquid‐crystal display (LCD) device. The new‐type hydrophobic force assembled PCs may open an innovative avenue toward new‐generation energy‐saving devices.
A tert‐butyl acrylate (t‐BA) monomer for the construction of hydrophobic P(t‐BA) photonic crystals toward magnetic‐optics displays and energy saving devices is presented. It may open an innovative avenue toward the assembled PC field.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Electrochemical alkylations of a 60fulleroindoline with different bulky alkyl bromides exhibit different reaction behaviors. The hydroalkylation and dialkylation of the electrochemically generated ...dianionic 60fulleroindoline with bulky 2,4,6-tris(bromomethyl)mesitylene give rise to 1,2,3,16-adducts. In comparison, the hydroalkylation of the dianionic 60fulleroindoline with bulkier diphenylbromomethane still affords a 1,2,3,16-adduct, while the corresponding dialkylation provides a sterically favoured 1,4,9,12-adduct, which is scarcely investigated, as the major product along with the isomeric 1,2,3,16-adduct as the minor product. The structures of these products have been determined by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed to explain the formation of the observed products.
Electrochemical alkylations of a 60fulleroindoline with different bulky alkyl bromides exhibit different reaction behaviors; the major 1,4,9,12-adduct is obtained along with the minor 1,2,3,16-adduct for the bulkier diphenylbromomethane.
Shoulder disorders, particularly rotator cuff tears, are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions related to aging. Although the widely used suture anchor technique provides strong mechanical support to ...the tendon, it is associated with a risk of postoperative tendon retearing. The conventionally used titanium alloys can affect the interpretation of magnetic resonance imaging. Degradable magnesium alloys possess excellent biocompatibility, similar mechanical property to the bone, and stimulating bone formation ability from Mg
. The purpose of this experiment was to develop innovative magnesium-based suture anchors to enhance rotator cuff repair by improving fixation materials, and to evaluate their feasibility in a goat model.
We developed fluoridized ZK60 suture anchors as the implantation material for two goats, who underwent rotator cuff repair surgery on both shoulders. Computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis were performed at 12 weeks postoperatively, and the results were compared between the magnesium and titanium alloy groups. Additionally, a hematological examination was conducted, which included assessments of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, coagulation function, liver function, kidney function, and magnesium ion concentration.
The 12-week postoperative CT images showed intact MgF
ZK60 suture anchors, effectively reconnecting the infraspinatus tendon to the humeral head. The anchors became less visible on CT scans, indicating absorption by surrounding tissues. New bone formation in the MgF
group surpassed that in the Ti group, demonstrating superior osseointegration. The similarity between cortical bone and magnesium reduced stress-shielding and promoted bone regeneration. Histological analysis revealed successful tendon healing with MgF
anchors, while the Ti group showed discontinuous interfaces and reduced collagen secretion. Hematological examination showed stable liver, renal function, and magnesium ion levels.
The findings indicate that MgF
-coated suture anchors are feasible for rotator cuff repair and potentially other orthopedic applications. We hope that magnesium alloy anchors can become the solution for rotator cuff tendon repair surgery.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The synthesis of isoindolinones from N-methoxybenzamides and alkenes has been achieved by Pd-catalyzed ortho sp(2) C-H activation and intramolecular oxidative amidation, which involve the cleavage of ...four bonds and formation of two bonds.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common clinical degenerative disease characterized by the destruction of articular cartilage, which has an increasing impact on people's lives and social economy. The ...pathogenesis of OA is complex and unclear, and there is no effective way to block its progress. The study of the pathogenesis of OA is the prerequisite for the early diagnosis and effective treatment of OA. To define the pathogenesis of OA, this review considers the pathological mechanism of OA that involves microRNA, lncRNA, and exosomes. More and more evidence shows that microRNA, lncRNA, and exosomes are closely related to OA. MicroRNA inhibits the target gene by binding to the 3′‐ untranslated region of the targets. LncRNA usually competes with microRNA to regulate the expression level of downstream genes, while exosomes, as a carrier of intercellular information transfer, transmit the biological information of mother cells to target cells, and the effect of exosomes secreted by different cells on OA are different. In this review, we emphasized that different microRNA, lncRNA, and exosomes have different regulatory effects on chondrocyte proliferation and apoptosis, extracellular matrix degradation and inflammation. Besides, we classified and analyzed these molecules according to their effects on the progress of OA. Based on the analysis of the reported literature, this review reveals some pathogenesis of OA, and emphasizes that microRNA, lncRNA, and exosomes have great potential to assist early diagnosis and effective treatment of OA.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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